@unilorin.edu.ng
Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Water quality parameters measured in a lake were Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity (μS/cm) were measured in situ using Hanna digital electronic meter. Transparency was also measured on site using a Secchi disc device. Dissolved oxygen, Calcium and Magnesium hardness, phosphate, Nitrate concentrations were determined using standard methods (APHA 1995). The results showed that water quality parameters were within tolerable limits for the habitation of fish species according to WHO standards.
Fish meal is the most expensive ingredient in fish feed formulation, this study investigated the effect of single cell protein production from Citrus sinensis peel and Citrus sinensis pulp used to replace fishmeal on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus hybrid juveniles and microflora of fish water. Air dried and ground samples of C. sinensis peel and C. sinensis pulp were subjected to fermentation, filtration, purification, washing, followed by drying using appropriate microorganisms to produce single cell protein (SCP). The SCP produced from these agricultural waste products were incorporated into the feed and three diets were formulated using the different SCP while the control diet contained fish meal.The feeding trial lasted for eight weeks. The increase in weight, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) was calculated. The result showed that single cell protein promoted growth.
The isolates were characterized by cellular morphology and Gram staining. Molecular methods using DNA extraction, PCR, gel electrophoresis, sequencing, and BLAST were carried out at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. The bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Lysinibacillus spaheriicus and the bacterial flora conferred some protection to the fish
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