Interface-Engineered Iron–Zirconium Bimetallic Fumaric Acid MOF Intercalated on Boron Nitride Nanosheets: Mechanistic Insights into Enhanced Electrochemical Water Splitting Nandha Gopal Balasubramaniyan, Rajakumari Jesuraj, Panneerselvam Perumal Langmuir, 2025 Efficient and robust electrocatalysts are essential for advancing electrochemical water splitting (EWS) as a sustainable hydrogen production technology. Herein, we report a bimetallic iron–zirconium fumaric acid metal–organic framework (FZ-MOF) intercalated on boron nitride nanosheets (BNNs) as a high-performance catalyst for overall water splitting. The FZ-MOF offers a high density of molecularly dispersed active sites, while the fumaric acid linker ensures structural stability and optimal spatial exposure of these sites. Integration of BNNs significantly improves the conductivity and surface area, facilitating rapid charge transfer and efficient mass transport. Mechanistically, the Fe and Zr centers synergistically promote water molecule adsorption and activation, lowering the overpotentials for both the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. The heterointerface between the MOF and BNNs further accelerates the reaction kinetics by providing abundant catalytic sites and efficient electron pathways. Electrochemical studies performed in 1 M KOH reveal excellent bifunctional performance: the hybrid catalyst exhibits overpotentials of 380 mV and 156 mV at 10 mA/cm 2 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The system exhibits superior kinetics, which is evidenced by low Tafel slopes and minimum charge-transfer resistance accessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Additionally, a two-electrode electrolyzer built on symmetric FZ-MOF@BNNs electrodes displays overall water splitting at a 1.86 V (10 mA/cm 2 ) cell voltage, including exceptional stability. This hybrid catalyst demonstrates low overpotentials, high current densities, and excellent durability, underscoring the potential of interface-engineered MOF composites for next-generation water-splitting applications.
CeFeO3 Perovskite/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution and Electrochemical Detection of tert-Butylhydroquinone S Ramanathan, NK Ravikumar, P Perumal ACS Applied Nano Materials , 2026 2026
2-Dimensional hierarchical cobalt–aluminium layered double hydroxide decorated with cerium oxide nanoarchitectures with tuned interfaces for next-generation electrochemical … NK Ravikumar, S Ramanathan, P Perumal Journal of Power Sources 666, 239213 , 2026 2026 Citations: 3
Synergistic peroxidase-like activity of the Cu–Zn MOF-incorporated gC 3 N 4 nanozyme integrated with a smartphone-based colorimetric sensor for ciprofloxacin detection S Sasikumar, A Amalraj, P Perumal Analyst , 2026 2026
Gold nanocomposite hydrogels NPS Chauhan, P Perumal, GP Singh, NS Chundawat, S Simorgh, ... Hydrogels for Wound Healing, 215-238 , 2026 2026
Ag2S@ rGO integrated fluorine-doped tin oxide nanohybrid electrode for electrocatalytic detection of caffeine S Ramanathan, P Perumal Microchemical Journal, 116101 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
BiCu-metal-organic framework peroxidase nanozyme integrated with a smartphone-assisted paper-based colorimetric sensing of chlorpyrifos in food samples R Jesuraj, NG Balasubramaniyan, P Perumal Microchemical Journal, 115917 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Toxicity of Arsenic on Edible Crops K Radhakrishnan, P Perumal Heavy Metals in Aquatic Ecosystems, 269-290 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Interface-engineered iron–zirconium bimetallic fumaric acid MOF intercalated on boron nitride nanosheets: mechanistic insights into enhanced electrochemical water splitting NG Balasubramaniyan, R Jesuraj, P Perumal Langmuir 41 (34), 22897-22913 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Polyaniline, chitosan and metal oxide based nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, and their water remediation applications BS Rathore, P Perumal, GP Singh, R Rathore, MK Rawal, S Jadoun, ... Journal of Molecular Structure 1337, 142157 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
A unique VS2 nanosheet decorated metal-organic framework based highly synergistic electrocatalyst for the efficient detection of melamine in food samples NG Balasubramaniyan, S Ramanathan, NPS Chauhan, P Perumal Materials Chemistry and Physics 338, 130660 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
Achiral and chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an efficient catalyst for organic synthesis NPS Chauhan, P Perumal, NS Chundawat, S Jadoun Coordination Chemistry Reviews 533, 216536 , 2025 2025 Citations: 37
An approach on tin-oxide nanoparticle integrated melamine-COF for reliable detection of dopamine with superior performance S Ramanathan, NG Balasubramaniyan, P Perumal Microchemical Journal 212, 113541 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Bimetal (Ni-Cu)-metal-organic framework as an efficient peroxidase nanozyme integrated with a smartphone-assisted paper-based colorimetric sensor for carbendazim detection in … R Jesuraj, P Perumal Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 139, 107149 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
Exploring the synergistic effect of functionalized boron nitride on zinc copper sulfide for enhanced electrochemical detection of sulfadiazine NG Balasubramaniyan, NK Ravikumar, P Perumal Surfaces and Interfaces 58, 105839 , 2025 2025 Citations: 15
Rational design of nickel-cerium bimetallic MOF decorated on g-C3N4 nanosheets as bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting NG Balasubramaniyan, NPS Chauhan, P Perumal Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 978, 118899 , 2025 2025 Citations: 23
An innovative approach utilizing bimetallic Ag@ Sn-oxy nanocomposite with rGO-decorated glassy carbon-modified electrode for high-performance detection of hydroquinone S Ramanathan, P Perumal Carbon Letters 35 (1), 221-234 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
Bridging dimensions: 2D ultrathin gC 3 N 4 interfused 3D Nd 2 (WO 4) 3 architecture for hybrid energy storage NK Ravikumar, NPS Chauhan, P Perumal Dalton Transactions 54 (48), 18046-18063 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Highly efficient electrocatalysts of NiMoO4 doped CdO nanostructure interconnected with modified glassy carbon electrode for the detection of chloramphenicol NK Ravikumar, NG Balasubramaniyan, P Perumal Inorganic Chemistry Communications 170, 113484 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Sensing Activity of Green Synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions K Radhakrishnan, P Perumal Green Carbon Quantum Dots: Environmental Applications, 187-207 , 2024 2024
Peroxidase-Like Activity of Green Synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots K Radhakrishnan, P Perumal Green Carbon Quantum Dots: Environmental Applications, 167-185 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) impregnated onto tea waste for the removal of nickel (II) from aqueous solution P Panneerselvam, N Morad, KA Tan Journal of hazardous materials 186 (1), 160-168 , 2011 2011 Citations: 462
Removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution by adsorption onto sodium montmorillonite SS P Panneer Selvam, S Preethi, P Basakaralingam, N Thinakaran, A Sivasamy Journal of Hazardous Materials 15 (1–2), 39-44 , 2008 2008 Citations: 311
Removal of Acid Violet 17 from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from sunflower seed hull N Thinakaran, P Baskaralingam, M Pulikesi, P Panneerselvam, ... Journal of hazardous materials 151 (2-3), 316-322 , 2008 2008 Citations: 279
Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the removal of Acid Red 114 from aqueous solutions using activated carbons prepared from seed shells N Thinakaran, P Panneerselvam, P Baskaralingam, D Elango, ... Journal of hazardous materials 158 (1), 142-150 , 2008 2008 Citations: 186
Thermophilic composting of municipal solid waste D Elango, N Thinakaran, P Panneerselvam, S Sivanesan Applied Energy 86 (5), 663-668 , 2009 2009 Citations: 154
Green synthesis of surface-passivated carbon dots from the prickly pear cactus as a fluorescent probe for the dual detection of arsenic (iii) and hypochlorite ions from … K Radhakrishnan, P Panneerselvam RSC advances 8 (53), 30455-30467 , 2018 2018 Citations: 126
A green synthetic route for the surface-passivation of carbon dots as an effective multifunctional fluorescent sensor for the recognition and detection of toxic metal ions from … K Radhakrishnan, P Panneerselvam, M Marieeswaran Analytical Methods 11 (4), 490-506 , 2019 2019 Citations: 124
Removal of cationic dye by magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) impregnated onto activated maize cob powder and kinetic study of dye waste adsorption KA Tan, N Morad, TT Teng, I Norli, P Panneerselvam APCBEE Procedia 1, 83-89 , 2012 2012 Citations: 122
Highly efficient peroxidase-like activity of a metal–oxide-incorporated CeO 2–MIL (Fe) metal–organic framework and its application in the colorimetric detection of melamine and … A Amalraj, M Narayanan, P Perumal Analyst 147 (14), 3234-3247 , 2022 2022 Citations: 101
Turn-On fluorescence sensor based detection of heavy metal ion using carbon dots@ graphitic-carbon nitride nanocomposite probe K Radhakrishnan, S Sivanesan, P Panneerselvam Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 389, 112204 , 2020 2020 Citations: 89
High Catalytic Activity of Fluorophore-Labeled Y-Shaped DNAzyme/3D MOF-MoS 2 NBs as a Versatile Biosensing Platform for the Simultaneous Detection of Hg 2+ , Ni 2+ , and … R Pavadai, A Amalraj, S Subramanian, P Perumal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 13 (27), 31710-31724 , 2021 2021 Citations: 73
Exceptional peroxidase-like activity of an iron and copper based organic framework nanosheet for consecutive colorimetric biosensing of glucose and kanamycin in real food samples R Jesuraj, A Amalraj, VK Vaidyanathan, P Perumal Analyst 148 (20), 5157-5171 , 2023 2023 Citations: 72
Metal–polydopamine framework as an effective fluorescent quencher for highly sensitive detection of Hg (II) and Ag (I) ions through exonuclease III activity A Ravikumar, P Panneerselvam, N Morad ACS applied materials & interfaces 10 (24), 20550-20558 , 2018 2018 Citations: 71
Removal of acid violet 17 from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from pistachio nut shell P Vijayalakshmi, VSS Bala, KV Thiruvengadaravi, P Panneerselvam, ... Separation Science and Technology 46 (1), 155-163 , 2010 2010 Citations: 69
MoS2 nanosheets as an effective fluorescent quencher for successive detection of arsenic ions in aqueous system A Ravikumar, P Panneerselvam, K Radhakrishnan, AAB Christus, ... Applied Surface Science 449, 31-38 , 2018 2018 Citations: 57
A novel Hg (II) sensor based on Fe3O4@ ZnO nanocomposite as peroxidase mimics AAB Christus, A Ravikumar, P Panneerselvam, K Radhakrishnan Applied Surface Science 449, 669-676 , 2018 2018 Citations: 54
A Turn-ON fluorometric biosensor based on ssDNA immobilized with a metal phenolic nanomaterial for the sequential detection of Pb (ii) and epirubicin cancer drug A Arunjegan, P Rajaji, S Sivanesan, P Panneerselvam RSC advances 11 (20), 12361-12373 , 2021 2021 Citations: 51
Recyclable target metal-enhanced fluorometric naked eye aptasensor for the detection of Pb2+ and Ag+ ions based on the structural change of CaSnO3@ PDANS-constrained GC-rich ssDNA A Amalraj, R Pavadai, P Perumal ACS omega 6 (45), 30580-30597 , 2021 2021 Citations: 50
Adsorptive removal of acid blue 15: equilibrium and kinetic study N Thinakaran, P Baskaralingam, KV Thiruvengada Ravi, ... CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water 36 (9), 798-804 , 2008 2008 Citations: 48
Colorimetric determination of Hg (II) sensor based on magnetic nanocomposite (Fe3O4@ ZIF-67) acting as peroxidase mimics AAB Christus, P Panneerselvam, A Ravikumar, N Morad, S Sivanesan Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 364, 715-724 , 2018 2018 Citations: 46