Dr N. Chandrasekar
@msuniv.ac.in
Professor and Head Retired, Dept of Geotechnology
manonmaniamsundaranar university
EDUCATION
MSC PhD
RESEARCH INTERESTS
remotesensing and Gis, coastalgeomorphology. Beach -marine placer mineral exploration , marine geology and geochemistry, coastal hydrogeology
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
V. Joevivek, N. Chandrasekar, and S. Saravanan
Geological Society of India
ABSTRACT The study of heavy minerals in coastal areas provides insights into placer deposition mechanisms, economic mineral enrichment, and the origin of placer deposits. This study describes the distribution and characteristics of heavy mineral placer deposits between Thirukadaiyur in the north and Velankanni in the south along the central coast of Tamil Nadu, India. Sediment samples were collected at 5 km intervals throughout the berm region and brought to the laboratory for heavy mineral separation and quantitative analysis. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray technology (EDX) were used to analyze the structure and composition of heavy minerals. Quantitative results show that magnetite, ilmenite, garnet, zircon and rutile are the dominant heavy minerals in beach sand. The presence of heavy minerals was confirmed by microscopic and XRD analysis, and SEM and EDX results confirmed their properties and origin. Overall, mineralogical and petrological studies have revealed the transport mechanism and variables affecting the process of placer enrichment along the coast.
S. Kaliraj, N. Chandrasekar, K.K. Ramachandran, and M. Lalitha
Elsevier BV
S. Krishnakumar, T. Simon Peter, Prince S. Godson, N. Chandrasekar, and N.S. Magesh
Elsevier BV
Sridhar Shanmuga Priya, Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan, Ammar B. Altemimi, Ramji Keerthana, Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan, Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan, Kandasamy Kalaivani, Nainarpandian Chandrasekar, Sengodan Karthi, Raja Ganesan,et al.
MDPI AG
Mosquitoes are the potential vectors of several viral diseases such as filariasis, malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika fever and encephalitis in humans as well as other species. Dengue, the most common mosquito-borne disease in humans caused by the dengue virus is transmitted by the vector Ae. aegypti. Fever, chills, nausea and neurological disorders are the frequent symptoms of Zika and dengue. Thanks to various anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, industrialized farming and poor drainage facilities there has been a significant rise in mosquitoes and vector-borne diseases. Control measures such as the destruction of mosquito breeding places, a reduction in global warming, as well as the use of natural and chemical repellents, mainly DEET, picaridin, temephos and IR-3535 have proven to be effective in many instances. Although potent, these chemicals cause swelling, rashes, and eye irritation in adults and children, and are also toxic to the skin and nervous system. Due to their shorter protection period and harmful nature towards non-target organisms, the use of chemical repellents is greatly reduced, and more research and development is taking place in the field of plant-derived repellents, which are found to be selective, biodegradable and harmless to non-target species. Many tribal and rural communities across the world have been using plant-based extracts since ancient times for various traditional and medical purposes, and to ward off mosquitoes and various other insects. In this regard, new species of plants are being identified through ethnobotanical surveys and tested for their repellency against Ae. aegypti. This review aims to provide insight into many such plant extracts, essential oils and their metabolites, which have been tested for their mosquitocidal activity against different life cycle forms of Ae. Aegypti, as well as for their efficacy in controlling mosquitoes.
S. Kaliraj, S. Bhagyashree, B. Mahanta, M. Lalitha, and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
S. Kaliraj, Reji Srinivas, N. Kiruthika, E. Vairaveni, Hisham Mohamed, K. Palanivel, C. Lakshumanan, and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
S. Kaliraj, N. Chandrasekar, Manish Parmar, R.G. Rejith, S. Dharumarajan, M. Lalitha, and K. Chandramohan
Elsevier
V. Velmurugan, M. Chellaiah, N. Chandrasekar, and Yogita Shukla
Inderscience Publishers
Xuemei Dai, Shuisen Chen, Hao Jiang, and Chandrasekar Nainarpandian
SPIE
Lodging is a major yield-limiting factor in rice. Accurate assessment of rice lodging is essential for yield damage estimation, agricultural insurance claims settlement and subsequent management decisions. This study aims to explore the effect of lodging on backscatter/coherence and spectral reflectance derived from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data. Based on this, an extraction method of lodging rice distribution using multi-source remote sensing data was proposed. The results showed that: (a) The lodging area of rice could be effectively extracted from dual-polarization Sentinel-1 image data with an accuracy of 87.87%; (b) The vegetation indices (NDVI, DVI and LSWI) extracted by Sentinel-2 are sensitive to lodging rice. Based on a certain threshold, lodging rice can be effectively extracted with an accuracy of 87.5%. Our findings demonstrate the potential of Sentinel data for near real-time detection of the rice lodging.
Prince S. Godson, N. Chandrasekar, S. Krishnakumar, and Salom Gnana Thanga Vincent
Elsevier
S. S. Salaj, Dharmarajan Ramesh, D. S. Suresh Babu, Kaliraj Seenipandi, and Chandrasekar Nainarpandian
SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Abstract. We investigate the potential vulnerability to seawater intrusion into the aquifers along the Kozhikode coastal stretch using the modified GALDIT (GALDIT-U) model from an urbanization perspective. Urban growth impact (expansion of the impervious surface) was added as an additional input parameter in the GALDIT model, and the analyses were performed using GIS. The results indicated that the area of 16.84 km2, found within the proximity of urban settlements and eroded shorelines along with the Kozhikode, Beypore, Kadalundi, and Faroke, falls under very high vulnerability to seawater intrusion with vulnerability index values ranging 24.82 to 29.82. In the southern sector, the area of 16.84 km2 between Elathur and Beypore also falls within very high vulnerability zones. Similarly, the area of 37.01 km2 in Quilandi, Faroke, Puthiyankadi, Panniyankara, and the east sector of Kozhikode municipality is seen as high vulnerability zones with the vulnerability index values ranging 19.84 to 24.82. Seawater intrusion estimated under moderate vulnerability zones is found to occupy 47.85 km2 (vulnerability index values 14.88 to 19.84). The low and very low vulnerability zones cover 65.07 and 48.07 km2, with the vulnerability index values ranging 9.92 to 14.88 and 4.96 to 9.92, respectively. When cross-validated using major hydrochemical parameters, the results indicate a strong correlation between the vulnerability index classes and groundwater physicochemical parameters. The sensitivity analysis carried out indicated that the distance from the shoreline (D), impacts of urban growth (U), and depth to groundwater table above sea level (L) to be highly influencing parameters for seawater intrusion vulnerability in the coastal stretches. The modified GALDIT-U model shows reliable accuracy for estimating and demarcating seawater intrusion vulnerability zones and could act as an efficient tool in the sustainable management of coastal aquifers in an urban environment.
Rajan G. Rejith, Mayappan Sundararajan, Lakshmanan Gnanappazham, Seenipandi Kaliraj, and Nainarpandian Chandrasekar
SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Abstract. Recent advancements in remote sensing facilitate the mapping of mineral occurrences but lack quantitative estimation of mineral abundances. In the present study, EO-1 Hyperion data are used for mapping and estimating beach placer minerals in the Cuddalore coastal stretch of Tamil Nadu, India, using spectral angle mapper (SAM) algorithm, continuum removed band depth analysis, and random forest (RF) regression. Strategic beach placer minerals are exposed in the image due to their specific spectral reflection/absorption characteristics; these unique settings are used to explore their spatial distribution from associated features. EO-1 Hyperion images are analyzed for (i) atmospheric correction; (ii) selection and transformation of optimum bands; (iii) fixing the input pixels from selected bands; (iv) generating n-D angle—for the preparation of end-members with unique spectra of mineral classes; (v) comparative analysis between true end-member and reference spectra of minerals using SAM, spectral feature fitting, and binary encoding algorithms; and (vi) image classification using SAM. The result of SAM shows the occurrence of placer mineral deposits such as zircon with an overall accuracy of 81.06% and Kappa coefficient of 0.71. The zircon shows strong absorption in spectral geometric parameters of EO-1 Hyperion data, such as band depth and band area at the spectral range of 1075 to 1150 nm. The positive correlation between geometric parameters of mineral spectra in its absorption characteristics and the mineral concentration of in situ samplings is used for developing an RF prediction model for estimating the placer minerals from beach sand deposits. Significantly, the lower RMSE values estimated at 0.082 and 0.156 for reference spectra (in situ) and image spectra respectively proved the ability of EO-1 Hyperion data for quantifying mineral resources.
Shuisen Chen, Chandrasekar Nainarpandian, and Ayad M. Fadhil Al-Quraishi
SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Abstract. Guest editors Shuisen Chen, Chandrasekar Nainarpandian, and Ayad M. Fadhil Al-Quraishi summarize the Special Section on Coastal Zone Remote Sensing for Environmental Sustainability.
S. Selvakumar, N. Chandrasekar, Y. Srinivas, S. Selvam, S. Kaliraj, N.S. Magesh, and S. Venkatramanan
Elsevier BV
S. Selvakumar and N. Chandrasekar
Springer International Publishing
Kaliraj Seenipandi, K.K. Ramachandran, and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
Kaliraj Seenipandi, K.K. Ramachandran, and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
Vincent Jayaraj Joevivek, Nainarpandian Chandrasekar, Ramakrishnan Jayangondaperumal, Vikram Chandra Thakur, and Krishnan Shree Purniema
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
V. Joevivek, S. Saravanan, and N. Chandrasekar
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Kaliraj Seenipandi, Chandrasekar Nainarpandian, Ramachandran Kizhur Kandathil, and Selvakumar Sellamuthu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
V. Joevivek and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
S. Kaliraj, N. Chandrasekar, and K. K. Ramachandran
Springer International Publishing
V. Joevivek and N. Chandrasekar
Elsevier
N. S. Magesh, N. Chandrasekar, and L. Elango
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Publications
Rajan G. Rejith, Mayappan Sundararajan, Lakshmanan Gnanappazham, Seenipandi Kaliraj and Nainarpandian Chandrasekar (2022) Exploring beach placer minerals in the east coast of Tamil Nadu, India, using EO-1 Hyperion data. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. (Impact
Sasidharan S. Salaj, Dharmarajan Ramesh, Domodaran S. Suresh Babu, Seenipandi Kaliraj and Nainarpandian Chandrasekar (2022) Appraisal of urban growth impacts on seawater intrusion vulnerability using GIS-based modified GALDIT-U model: a case study of Kozhikode coastal stretch, Kerala, South India. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. (Impact 16(1) 012014
S. Selvakumar, N. Chandrasekar, Y. Srinivas, S. Selvam, S. Kaliraj, N.S. Magesh, S. Venkatramanan (2022) Hydrogeochemical processes controlling the groundwater salinity in the coastal aquifers of Southern Tamil Nadu, India. Marine Pollution Bulletin. (Impact 174, 113264 .
Kaliraj S.Chandrasekar N, Ramachandran KK (2019) Coastal Habitat vulnerability of southern India: A multiple parametric approach of GIS based HVI (Habitat Vulnerability Index) model. Geogr. Fis. Dinam. Quat. (Impact 42 (2019). 27-42
Kaliraj S. Chandrasekar N, Ramachandran KK, Selvakumar S (2019) Seawater intrusion vulnerability in the coastal aquifers of Southern India - an appraisal of GALDIT model, parameters sensitivity and hydrochemical indicators. En
GRANT DETAILS
S.No
Funding
Organisation
Project title
Completed/
Ongoing
Total Cost
(in Rupees)
1
UGC
(P.I)
Beach sands and their associated placer deposits of Vaippar and Kallar basins
Completed
10,000
2
UGC
(P.I)
Provenance of Heavy mineral placer deposits along the central Tamil Nadu coast
Completed
15,000
3
OSTC-DOD
(P.I)
Exploration and Evaluation of Beach placers along the coast between Vembar and Kallar rivers (EXPLOVEKA)
Completed
14,57,000
4
UGC
(P.I)
Environmental impact assessment of Beach Placer mining along the coast between Tiruchendur and Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Completed
20,000
5
NATP – ICAR (P.I)
Natural Resource Management (Coral Reef Eco System)
Completed
40,00,000
6
UGC
(P.I)
A Study of Quaternary Ostracoda and its bearing on the palaeo-climate and depositional environment in the Barrier reef of Gulf of Mannar
Completed
20,000
7
UGC
(P.I)
Heavy metal assessment in the deltaic sediments of Tambraparani Delta
Completed
37,000
8
DST–NRDMS
(P.I)
Preparation of damage assessment maps of tsunamis affected areas in Kanyakumari (No: ES/11/936(5)/05
Completed
10,00,000
9
DST – SERC
(P.I)
Mapping of areas of Inundation –Kanyakumari (No: SR/S4/, Dated: 03/03/05)
Completed
4,60,000
10
UGC
(
Evolution of 550 Ma Southern granulite Terrain, South of Kodaikanal Ranges, possible linkages to beach Placer deposits of Southern Tamil Nadu
Completed
5, 59,600
11
CSIR
(P.I)
Mining Environment management in Tamil Nadu (CSIR/CMM/22.1/192. Dated: 04th August, 2003)
Co
RESEARCH OUTPUTS (PATENTS, SOFTWARE, PUBLICATIONS, PRODUCTS)
Method of exploration and discrimination of mineral abundance in beach sand”. Ref: Patent Official Journal No. 12 May 2017, DOP: 12/05/2017, part 1, .
ONWET: V.Joevivek and N.Chandrasekar (2015) A simple integrated tool for beach morphology and wave dynamics analysis, Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, (Taylor & Francis) DOI . (Impact factor 0.644 – 2013).
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, or ACADEMIC BENEFITS
Research Guided: (
S.No
Name
Topic
Year
C/U
1
D. Vetha Roy
Geochemistry of deltaic sediments of Tambraparani delta
2002
C
2
Anil Cherian
Shoreline changes and morpho-dynamic control on placer deposits in the beaches between Tuticorin and Valinokkam
2003
C
3
Jeya Sekar
A study on ambient heavy metal dsistribution in the atmospheric environment of Tuticorin Coast
2003
C
4
J. Dajkumar
Sahayam
Genesis of beach rock formation along the southeastern Coast, Tamil Nadu and its significance to sea level variation
2004
C
5
M.Subbu
lakshmi
Industrialization and urbanization impacts in the aquatic environments of Tuticorin coast
2006
C
6
M. Rajamanickam
Remote sensing and GIS application in beach placer evaluation and shoreline dynamics along the Tuticorin Coast
2007
C
7
Glory
Geo-chemical accumulation in salt marsh area of Tuticorin and Punnaikayal
2008
C
8
L. Ramakrishna
Developing suitable Eco-friendly excavation techniques for limestone mining from complex metamorphic structures and lithology of Thalaiyuthu limestone terrain
2010
C
9
P. Sheik Mujabar
Quantitative analysis of coastal Landform dynamics between Tuticorin and Kanyakumari using Remote sensing and GIS
2010
C
10
S. Krishna
Kumar
Sedimentology and geochemistry study on Coral Reef, Gulf of Mannar
2011
C
11
John Prince
Soundranayagam
Urban development through Remote sensing and GIS in Tuticorin Coast
2011
C
12
S. Saravanan
A study on beach morphodynamics and heavy mineral distribution in the beaches betwee