Estimation of crop coefficient for radish using digital lysimeter under polyhouse E Sujitha, A Valliammai, M Nagarajan Plant Science Today, 2025 Accurate quantification of crop water requirements of any crop is essential for irrigation scheduling and water management. The objective of this study was to estimate the crop coefficient of radish for different phenological stages under protected cultivation using digital lysimeter. The experiment was carried in the Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Kumulur, Trichy. The experiment layout has been made to accommodate the three treatments (T1 - 120 % of ETc, T2 - 100 % of ETc and T3- 80 % of ETc) and four replications in drip irrigated polyhouse. The actual crop evapotranspiration (mm day-1) measured from digital lysimeter and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration (mm day-1) measured from Hargreaves model. The crop coefficient value of radish grown under protected cultivation during initial stage (Kcin), development stage (Kcdev), mid-stage (Kcmid) and final stage (Kcfin) for T1 was 0.72, 0.99, 1.01 and 0.81, T2 was 0.58, 0.84, 0.85 and 0.63 and T3 was 0.43, 0.61, 0.62 and 0.48 respectively. The study demonstrated that supplying additional water had no significant effect in radish yield under polyhouse. The crop coefficient (Kc) value obtained for treatment 100 % of ETc is suggested for optimal use of irrigation water for cultivating of radish crop in naturally ventilated greenhouse.
Development of crop coefficient of drip irrigated banana for semi-arid region K Arunadevi, A Valliammai, M Nagarajan, N Sakthivel Plant Science Today, 2025 A field experiment was conducted during 2020-2023 in the experimental plots of Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, to estimate crop water requirement of bananas (Variety: Kadhali and Red Banana) irrigated through drip irrigation system based on soil moisture availability. Water requirements include evapotranspiration of crops and losses of water from fields. Evapotranspiration is the quantity of water transpired by plants during their growth, plus moisture evaporated from the surface of the soil and the vegetation. The reference evapotranspiration was estimated from the weather parameters. Crop evapotranspiration was estimated using the soil water balance method. Tensiometers were installed at different root zone depths (0-30 cm and 30-45 cm depth) of the banana crop to measure the soil moisture tension. The soil moisture characteristics curve of the research field was estimated. Irrigation was scheduled based on the readings observed in the tensiometer. The irrigation scheduling/interval was estimated as 2 to 3 days during the crop period based on soil moisture availability. The water consumed for different crop growth stages was estimated. The total irrigation water requirement for the kadhali and red bananas was 1224 mm and 1448 mm, respectively.
Conjunctive use in water resource management: current trends and future directions Aakash sekar, A. Valliammai, M. Nagarajan, S. D. Sivakumar, M. Baskar, E. Sujitha Water Supply, 2024 Water scarcity and the nееd for sustainable water management practices are pressing global challenges. Conjunctive use, a united management of both surface water and groundwater resources, is being progressively considered as one of the fundamental approaches to solving these issues. This paper gives a detailed overview of the conjunctive use in water resource management considering the present tendencies and directions of development in this sphere. The present study relies on a diverse variety of literature resources which integrate the new techniques, equipment, and policies in respect to conjunctive use. It covers important issues like hydrological modeling, innovative groundwater recharge methods, and integrating conjunctive use techniques into adaptive management system. Moreover, the review also evaluates the roles of different parties, such as government agencies, communities, and industries, involved in the conjunctive use approaches and the promotion of collaborative governance mechanisms. This review identifies that while the conjunctive use approaches are very promising for solutions to water security, fragmented management and poor data integration constrain them. The paper conducts an all-embracing analysis that pinpoints the upcoming problems and solutions, and discovers the need for extensive research and innovation to make the conjunctive water resources management more efficient and resilient.
Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purposes in Amaravathi river basin Valliammai Annamalai, Muthumanickam Dhanaraju, Christopher Lourduraj Alphonse, Panneerselvam Shanmugam Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2020 Abstract Groundwater assessment has become a demanding issue due to the scarcity of freshwater. Heavy textile based industrialization in Amaravathi river basin has caused over exploitation, decline in water levels and deterioration of water quality. Pre and Post monsoon analysis of samples from 31 observation wells over the period of thirty years (1988-2017) revealed that pH (8.18-8.22), Ca (67.87-73.79 mg/L), SO 4 (122.37-125.64 mg/L), HCO 3 (226.36-243.85 mg/L) and F (0.31-0.42 mg/L) are within the admissible limits and EC (0.05-0.50 d Sm -1 ), TH (489.4-518.29 mg/L), TDS (1021-1022 mg/L), Cl (304.68-306.51 mg/L), NO 3 (24.90-26.21 mg/L)and Mg (78.76-82.75 mg/L) exceeds the admissible limits for the entire basin during Pre and Post monsoon periods. The quality of groundwater is classified as excellent (<25), good (25-50), Poor (50-75) very poor (75-100) or unfit (>100) for human consumption based on the calculated Water Quality Index values (WQI). Hydro chemical assessment of groundwater quality for domestic and drinking utility were worked out using WQI and ranged from 8.1 to 56.8 during Pre monsoon and 9.0 to 66.7 during post monsoon periods, indicating the water quality of excellent to poor and excellent to very poor categories for potable purposes during pre and post monsoon respectively. Instantaneously some proportion of excellent water quality wells are shifted into good quality wells over three decades.
Delineation of recharge zones for Panapatti watershed of Coimbatore district Indian Journal of Ecology, 2020
Effect of textile and dye industry polluted ground water on growth and yield of sunflower Research on Crops, 2011