Dr Anekwe is a distinguished researcher in catalysis, specializing in heterogeneous catalytic systems for renewable energy and environmental sustainability. He holds a PhD from the University of the Witwatersrand, is a DAAD scholar, and works at Wits University, as well as serving as a visiting researcher at the Leibniz Institute for Catalysis in Germany. His pioneering work on advanced catalytic systems for biofuel production contributes to global efforts to reduce carbon emissions and accelerate the transition to cleaner energy by integrating fundamental catalyst development with applied energy innovation, emphasizing scalable pathways for sustainable aviation fuels and circular carbon systems. His contributions have been recognized internationally, and in 2025 he received the Overall WITS Early Career Researcher and Author Award from Elsevier, underscoring his impact. Beyond research, Dr. Anekwe provides editorial leadership for several reputable journals.
EDUCATION
Dr. Smarte Anekwe’s academic journey began with a BEng in Petroleum Engineering from the Federal University of Technology, where he gained a strong foundation in energy science and engineering. His undergraduate research focused on enhanced oil recovery techniques to optimize heavy crude oil utilization. Motivated by environmental challenges such as oil spills and acid mine drainage (AMD), he pursued an MEng at Durban University of Technology (DUT), supported by the DUT Postgraduate Grant. His master’s research explored biological methods for eco‑friendly remediation of polluted sites, sparking his interest in sustainable energy.
He advanced to doctoral studies at the University of the Witwatersrand, funded by BRICS, the NRF, and the Postgraduate Merit Award. His PhD centered on synthesizing and evaluating heterogeneous ZSM‑5 zeolite catalysts for biofuel production, with outcomes published in leading journals, conferences, and books.
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Chemical Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Materials Science, Environmental Science
Next-Generation Remediation of Polluted Mine Water: Innovations in Microbial Engineering and Integrated Treatment Systems Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe, Yusuf Makarfi Isa Mine Water and the Environment, 2026 This review presents a restructured perspective on acid mine drainage (AMD) bioremediation by focusing on innovations in microbial biotechnology and integrated bio-treatment systems. The objective is to identify emerging scalable and eco-efficient approaches for mitigating AMD through advanced biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques. Emphasis is placed on the synergistic role of microbial consortia, typically featuring sulphate-reducing bacteria and carbon source optimisation to enhance metal removal and sulphate reduction. Integrated and hybrid AMD treatment methods show high removal efficiencies for metals, sulphates, nitrate and selenium, including integrated anaerobic bioreactors and constructed wetlands (30–99%), combined bioaugmentation and biostimulation (47–96%), and multi-sequential systems (60–99%). These approaches offer site-specific adaptability, environmental resilience, and cost-effective solutions for sustainable AMD remediation. Additionally, this review analyses critical parameters affecting performance, including pH, temperature, metal toxicity, and hydraulic retention time. Ultimately, it provides an outlook on biotechnological strategies that integrate microbial engineering, waste beneficiation, and process optimisation to redefine the landscape of AMD remediation. Graphical Abstract
Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier: advancements, challenges, and its role in a sustainable energy future Stephen Okiemute Akpasi, Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe, Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh, Ubani Oluwaseun Amune, Sherif Ishola Mustapha, et al. Clean Energy, 2025 This comprehensive review examines hydrogen’s potential as a pivotal clean energy carrier, focusing on its role in replacing fossil fuels across various industries. This study also examines recent advancements in hydrogen production technologies, including electrolysis, steam methane reforming, and biomass gasification, emphasizing their economic and environmental impacts. Special attention is given to hydrogen produced from renewable sources like solar and wind energy, emphasizing its benefits in reducing carbon emissions and contributing to a sustainable energy future. The review discusses technological challenges, cost factors, and the necessary infrastructure for hydrogen production and storage, particularly in relation to achieving global energy transition goals. Furthermore, the study stresses the importance of government policies and international collaboration to drive the adoption of hydrogen technologies. The study concludes by outlining the transformative potential of hydrogen in decarbonizing key sectors such as transportation and heavy industry. It demonstrates the significant contribution of hydrogen to a low-carbon global energy system and provides valuable insights into its role in improving grid stability, energy security, and supporting sustainable industrial practices.
Artificial Intelligence for the Operation of Renewable Energy Systems Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe, Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh, Edward Kwaku Armah, Yusuf Makarfi Isa Iot and Analytics in Renewable Energy Systems Volume 1 Sustainable Smart Grids and Renewable Energy Systems, 2023
Evaluation of industrial and municipal wastewaters as bio-stimulants for the treatment of crude oil contaminated soils Aiche Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings, 2020
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Next-Generation Remediation of Polluted Mine Water: Innovations in Microbial Engineering and Integrated Treatment Systems IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Mine Water and the Environment, 1-19 , 2026 2026
Tailoring novel hierarchical HZSM-5 catalysts for high-selectivity ethanol valorisation to transportation fuels: transition metal doping, process optimisation, and coke formation IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Fuel 406, 137244 , 2026 2026 Citations: 2
Advances in nanocatalysts for biofuel production: Mechanisms, performance, and future perspectives SI Mustapha, IMS Anekwe, KB Muritala, YM Isa Materials Today Sustainability, 101246 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Progress in heterogeneous catalysis for renewable energy and petrochemical production from biomass IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, SI Mustapha, YM Isa Fuel Processing Technology 276, 108267 , 2025 2025 Citations: 25
The hydrogen challenge: addressing storage, safety, and environmental concerns in hydrogen economy IMS Anekwe, SI Mustapha, SO Akpasi, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, YM Isa International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 167, 150952 , 2025 2025 Citations: 33
Circular economy and energy transition: a review of South Africa’s 5-year just energy transition investment plan (JET-IP) IMS Anekwe, D Ashiegbu, YM Isa, H Potgieter Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 30 (6), 48 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Biomass conversion for sustainable hydrogen generation: a comprehensive review SI Mustapha, IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, KB Muritala, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, ... Fuel processing technology 272, 108210 , 2025 2025 Citations: 44
Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier: advancements, challenges, and its role in a sustainable energy future SO Akpasi, IM Smarte Anekwe, EK Tetteh, UO Amune, SI Mustapha, ... Clean Energy 9 (1), 52-88 , 2025 2025 Citations: 201
Climate change impacts on water supplies and availability in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa IMS Anekwe, H Zhou, SO Akpasi, MSM Makhathini, MM Mkhize UNESCO, GWSI Series Vol. 5. https://doi.org/10.54677/OZIA7839 5, 21-36 , 2025 2025
Unlocking catalytic longevity: a critical review of catalyst deactivation pathways and regeneration technologies IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Energy Advances 4 (9), 1075-1113 , 2025 2025 Citations: 77
Biofuels through thermochemical conversion: Biomass-to-liquids YM Isa, EES Lora, JCE Palacio, NDZ Ortigoza, I Anewke From Crops and Wastes to Bioenergy, 313-346 , 2025 2025
Influence of metal doping on the coke formation of a novel hierarchical HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst in the conversion of 1-propanol to fuel blendstock IMS Anekwe, YM Isa RSC advances 15 (6), 3988-3999 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Innovations in catalytic understanding: a journey through advanced characterization IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, EM Enemuo, D Ashiegbu, SI Mustapha, YM Isa Materials Today Catalysis 7, 100061 , 2024 2024 Citations: 29
Ocean Plastic Pollution: Sources, Effects, Challenges and Mitigation Measures. I ANEKWE, MM MKHIZE, H ZHOU, SO AKPASI, TTG MKHIZE Journal of Marine Environmental Engineering 11 (4) , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Sustainable remediation of acid mine drainage (AMD)- and crude oil-contaminated sites through wastewater-enhanced Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 … IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Biotechnology for the Environment 1 (1), 12 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Catalytic conversion of bioethanol over cobalt and nickel‐doped HZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts IMS Anekwe, B Oboirien, YM Isa Biofuels, bioproducts and biorefining 18 (3), 686-700 , 2024 2024 Citations: 28
Renewable energy investments in South Africa: Potentials and challenges for a sustainable transition - a review IM Smarte Anekwe, SO Akpasi, MM Mkhize, H Zhou, RT Moyo, L Gaza Science Progress 107 (2), 00368504241237347 , 2024 2024 Citations: 58
Application of biostimulation and bioventing system as bioremediation strategy for the treatment of crude oil contaminated soils. IMS Anekwe, Y ISA Soil & Water Research 19 (2) , 2024 2024 Citations: 18
Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst IMS Anekwe, EES Lora, KA Subramanian, A Kozlov, S Zhang, B Oboirien, ... Energy Conversion and Management: X 22, 100529 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Effects of transition metal doping on the properties and catalytic performance of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst on ethanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion IMS Anekwe, B Oboirien, YM Isa Fuel communications 18, 100101 , 2024 2024 Citations: 32
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier: advancements, challenges, and its role in a sustainable energy future SO Akpasi, IM Smarte Anekwe, EK Tetteh, UO Amune, SI Mustapha, ... Clean Energy 9 (1), 52-88 , 2025 2025 Citations: 201
Mycoremediation as a potentially promising technology: current status and prospects—a review SO Akpasi, IMS Anekwe, EK Tetteh, UO Amune, HO Shoyiga, ... Applied Sciences 13 (8), 4978 , 2023 2023 Citations: 171
Bioremediation of acid mine drainage–Review IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Alexandria Engineering Journal 65, 1047-1075 , 2023 2023 Citations: 101
Unlocking catalytic longevity: a critical review of catalyst deactivation pathways and regeneration technologies IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Energy Advances 4 (9), 1075-1113 , 2025 2025 Citations: 77
Renewable energy investments in South Africa: Potentials and challenges for a sustainable transition - a review IM Smarte Anekwe, SO Akpasi, MM Mkhize, H Zhou, RT Moyo, L Gaza Science Progress 107 (2), 00368504241237347 , 2024 2024 Citations: 58
Biomass conversion for sustainable hydrogen generation: a comprehensive review SI Mustapha, IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, KB Muritala, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, ... Fuel processing technology 272, 108210 , 2025 2025 Citations: 44
Stability, deactivation and regeneration study of a newly developed HZSM-5 and Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts for ethanol-to-hydrocarbon conversion IMS Anekwe, M Chetty, L Khotseng, SL Kiambi, L Maharaj, B Oboirien, ... Catalysis communications 186, 106802 , 2024 2024 Citations: 42
The hydrogen challenge: addressing storage, safety, and environmental concerns in hydrogen economy IMS Anekwe, SI Mustapha, SO Akpasi, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, YM Isa International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 167, 150952 , 2025 2025 Citations: 33
Effects of transition metal doping on the properties and catalytic performance of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst on ethanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion IMS Anekwe, B Oboirien, YM Isa Fuel communications 18, 100101 , 2024 2024 Citations: 32
Biochar development as a catalyst and its application SO Akpasi, IMS Anekwe, J Adedeji, SL Kiambi, SO Akpasi, IMS Anekwe, ... Biochar—productive technologies, properties and applications , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
Wastewater and bioventing treatment systems for acid mine drainage–contaminated soil IM Anekwe, YM Isa Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 30 (5), 518-531 , 2021 2021 Citations: 30
Innovations in catalytic understanding: a journey through advanced characterization IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, EM Enemuo, D Ashiegbu, SI Mustapha, YM Isa Materials Today Catalysis 7, 100061 , 2024 2024 Citations: 29
Catalytic conversion of bioethanol over cobalt and nickel‐doped HZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts IMS Anekwe, B Oboirien, YM Isa Biofuels, bioproducts and biorefining 18 (3), 686-700 , 2024 2024 Citations: 28
Bioethanol as a potential eco‐friendlier feedstock for catalytic production of fuels and petrochemicals IMS Anekwe, YM Isa, B Oboirien Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 98 (9), 2077-2094 , 2023 2023 Citations: 27
Comparative evaluation of wastewater and bioventing system for the treatment of acid mine drainage contaminated soils IMS Anekwe, YM Isa Water-Energy Nexus 4, 134-140 , 2021 2021 Citations: 27
The place of biofuel in sustainable living; prospects and challenges IMS Anekwe, L Khotseng, YM Isa Elsevier , 2022 2022 Citations: 26
Progress in heterogeneous catalysis for renewable energy and petrochemical production from biomass IMS Anekwe, SO Akpasi, EK Tetteh, AS Joel, SI Mustapha, YM Isa Fuel Processing Technology 276, 108267 , 2025 2025 Citations: 25
Catalytic conversion of low alcohol to hydrocarbons: challenges, prospects, and future work considerations IMS Anekwe, YM Isa International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (1), 1648449 , 2023 2023 Citations: 22
Available technologies for wastewater treatment IMS Anekwe, J Adedeji, SO Akpasi, SL Kiambi Wastewater Treatment , 2022 2022 Citations: 22
Application of biostimulation and bioventing system as bioremediation strategy for the treatment of crude oil contaminated soils. IMS Anekwe, Y ISA Soil & Water Research 19 (2) , 2024 2024 Citations: 18