INNA VIKTOROVNA DRUK

@omsk-osma.ru



           

https://researchid.co/drukinna
1

Scopus Publications

Scopus Publications

  • Comorbid patient with obesity: comparative assessment of the effect of intermittent or continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers
    Z. M. Nagoeva, I. V. Druk, and K. A. Martirosian
    LLC Global Media Technology
    The purpose of this study is to present the results of a comparative assessment of the effect of intermittent restricted diet (ICR) with a constant restricted diet (CCR) on weight loss, fat mass, the effect on cardiometabolic risk markers, glucose and insulin levels in obese adults. Materials and methods: The works cited in the study were selected using the keywords “obesity”, “comorbidity”, “weight loss”, “intermittent calorie restriction”, “constant calorie restriction”, in the search engines PubMed, Scopus. Publications had to meet the following criteria: randomized clinical trials, published in the last decade (2014-2024), access to the full text of the publication, the primary endpoint of weight loss, intermittent or continuous calorie restriction as the main intervention, adult population, subjects with obesity and comorbid pathology. Results: Obesity has acquired pandemic proportions worldwide. In some countries, prevalence rates range from 20 to 40%. Prevalence and incidence rates continue to increase. It is estimated that by 2030, almost 50% of the world’s population will be overweight or obese. Obesity increases the risk of a number of chronic noncommunicable diseases (T2DM, CVD, CKD, CLD, some types of cancer). Weight loss is the main intervention for people with overweight and obesity. Conservative non-drug therapy in the form of nutritional modification is the mainstay of obesity treatment and is recommended as the first, mandatory and permanent component of treatment. Daily caloric restriction and intermittent feeding are two forms of dietary therapy that can help to reduce body weight. Conclusion: Based on the results of the comparative analysis, we concluded that ICR and CCR are alternative energy restriction regimens for weight loss with comparable improvements in obesity-related cardiometabolic risk markers. Both regimens were well tolerated in most studies and may be equivalent approaches to weight loss. Further studies are needed to examine the efficacy, feasibility and safety of ICR in patients with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cancer.


  • International declaration of adherence to treatment 2023 («omsk declaration»): presentation for russian readers
    Nikolai Nikolaev, Anatolii Martynov, Yulia Skirdenko, Kirill Andreevich Andreev, Alexander Vasilievich Gorbenko, Sergey Nikolaevich Avdeev, V. N. Anisimov, Grigory Pavlovich Arutyunov, Levon Andreevich Ashrafyan, and Avtandil Mikhailovich Babunashvili
    Stavropol State Medical University

  • Possibilities and limitations of secondary prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in primary care of Russia and CIS countries
    M.N. Mamedov, B.U. Mardanov, V.A. Kutsenko, O.M. Drapkina, L.A. Balykova, I.V. Druk, M.S. Grigorovich, E.V. Efremova, S.G. Kanorsky, M.M. Petrova,et al.
    Media Sphere Publishing House

  • Continuum of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidity with other somatic diseases
    M.N. Mamedov, I.V. Druk, G.G. Arabidze, and Kh.R. Akhundova
    Media Sphere Publishing House

  • Potential and limitations of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases: Data from a survey of Russian outpatient physicians
    M. N. Mamedov, V. A. Kutsenko, and О. M. Drapkina
    Silicea - Poligraf, LLC
    Aim. To identify potential and limitations of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases in outpatient clinics of various Russian cities.Material and methods. Outpatient physicians from 16 Russian cities took part in the cross-sectional study. A total of 545 general practitioners took part in the survey. The survey was carried out using a previously prepared questionnaire at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. It consisted of 11 blocks of questions, including sex and age characteristics, the prevalence of various diseases, adherence to therapy, preferential provision of medications, consultation assistance by hospital-based physicians and coverage of doctors and nursing staff. Answers were offered in several gradations to each question. Depending on the population, cities were divided into 4 following subgroups: population >2 million people (Moscow and St. Petersburg), population of 1-2 million people (Samara, Rostov-onDon, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk), population of 0,4-1 million people (Vladivostok, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Kursk, Kirov, Tomsk) and population <400 thousand people (Nalchik, Saransk, Ivanovo).Results. In all Russian cities, among men visited a clinic, 37% were people in the age range of 50-60 years. Second place was taken by men aged 60-65 years (30%). Most often, patients present with chronic coronary artery disease (39%), followed by type 2 diabetes (22,6%). Patients present with symptoms of heart failure in 17,7% of cases. Cancer account for 11,5% in the structure of visits. A similar frequency was found for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (9,2%). Every third patient is partially adherent to drug correction; partial non-adherence is detected 2 times less, while complete nonadherence is <3%. On average, 67% of doctors from different cities declare 75% achievement of target levels of risk factors, while one in five declare 50% achievement of recommended indicators. In most cases, physicians report minor problems during hospitalization. Every fifth doctor reported no problems, while every tenth respondent noted difficulties in hospitalizing patients. In every second case, partial staffing is noted. Moreover, a comparable trend is observed among doctors and nursing staff. In megacities and small towns the situation is somewhat better compared to cities with a population of 0,4 to 2 million.Conclusion. To optimize the secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases, a number of measures at the outpatient healthcare level should be taken. This includes educational work on adherence to drug and non-drug treatment correction, expanding coverage of preferential medication provision, improving interaction with hospitalbased doctors and coverage of doctors and nursing staff.

  • Methodological characteristics of the academic competition for general practitioners, family doctors and internists as a type of informal education
    S. Yu. Astanina, S. A. Berns, S. R. Gilyarevsky, V. V. Gorban, I. V. Druk, O. N. Dzhioeva, V. V. Kashtalap, A. I. Chesnikova, E. V. Chmykhova, N. L. Shaporova,et al.
    Silicea - Poligraf, LLC
    The article analyzes the results of the All-Russian competition for general practitioners, family doctors and internists held over five years by the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine with the support of the Russian Society for the Prevention of Non communicable Diseases.Aim. To determine the methodological characteristics of managing the academic competition as a type of informal education.Material and methods. To conduct the competition, practice-oriented tasks corresponding to professional tasks of a general practitioner were developed. In addition, we developed an original questionnaire to assess the impact of participation in the academic competition on the professional development. Family doctors and general practitioners with 1-10 years of experience, as well as internists, were included.Results. The methodological characteristics of the academic competition management as a type of informal education were determined: practice-oriented goals aimed at improving the knowledge, skills and abilities, competencies of the participants; the content of tasks based on the theory-practice relationship; compliance of tasks and real situations in the practice of a general practitioner; a systematic approach to competition management. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the academic competition as a type of informal education contributes to the professional development of participants, promotes the development of long-term attitudes towards improving professional knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies necessary for solving professional problems.

  • Priority of competencies in the professional activities of general practitioners (family doctors)
    O. M. Drapkina, S. Yu. Astanina, R. N. Shepel, O. Yu. Kuznetsova, T. V. Samoilov, D. V. Osipova, N. S. Alekseeva, I. V. Bakhareva, T. V. Bolotnova, M. E. Balashova,et al.
    Silicea - Poligraf, LLC
    The functional responsibilities of general practitioners (family doctors) (GPs) have changed significantly over the past decade. The number of GP functions has expanded. Despite the increasingly complex professional activities of GPs, there is no scientific evidence for the qualification characteristics of GPs expressed in knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies in the theory and practice in training. In this regard, a study was conducted to determine the priority of GP competencies that make up the qualification characteristics of a specialist. Aim. To analyze, generalize and rationale the research results, as well as to develop preliminary guidelines for GP training. Material and methods. The information base for the study was the results of ranking competencies according to their importance in the professional activities of GPs in Russia. It was obtained during the ascertaining experiment, implemented using the Delphi method as a method of expert assessment and strategic planning of training specialists. Conclusion. The analysis of competencies developed and agreed upon by experts showed its compliance with the job functions of GPs, the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the General Medical Practice (Family Medicine) and the WONCA guidelines. A summary of the study results to determine the priority of competence in GP activities showed the following: — all competencies (25) were defined as necessary and constitutive of GP qualification; — 21 competencies were considered significant and highly significant for GPs; — 4 competencies were considered as of moderate significance and below moderate significance. The analysis of the priority of competences revealed insufficient methodological support for GP training in accordance with the social order. The results obtained showed the need to continue the study within the project "Quality Management of Training of General Practitioners (Family Doctors)". 

  • Macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    M.N. Mamedov, I.V. Druk, G.G. Arabidze, and Kh.R. Akhundova
    Media Sphere Publishing House

  • Not iodine alone. Role of selenium, zinc, vitamins A, C, E in the physiology and pathology of the thyroid gland
    Dmitry I. Trukhan, , Inna V. Druk, Inna A. Viktorova, , and
    MediaMedica - MMA Limited Liability Company
    Diseases of the thyroid gland occupy one of the central places in clinical endocrinology. The main components for the synthesis of thyroid hormones are iodine and the amino acid tyrosine. Studies conducted in the 21st century indicate a certain effect on the metabolism and function of the thyroid gland and other microelements and vitamins. We searched the PubMed and Scopus information databases for publications devoted to the study of the influence of trace elements selenium, zinc, vitamins A, C, E on the physiology and pathology of the thyroid gland, including sources up to 29.02.2024. Adequate intake of selenium, zinc, along with two other important microelements (iodine and iron), as well as vitamins A, C, E, contributes to normal metabolism of the thyroid gland. Maintaining a physiological balance of micronutrients and vitamins through a sensible diet or taking nutraceuticals is essential to preventing thyroid disease and maintaining overall health. Basal analysis of microelements and vitamins seems appropriate for better selection of patients in need of replacement therapy using nutraceuticals

  • Comorbidity of patients with noncommunicable diseases in general practice. Eurasian guidelines
    O. M. Drapkina, A. V. Kontsevaya, A. M. Kalinina, S. N. Avdeev, M. V. Agaltsov, L. I. Alekseeva, I. I. Almazova, E. Yu. Andreenko, D. N. Antipushina, Yu. A. Balanova,et al.
    Silicea - Poligraf, LLC
    Создание руководства поддержано Советом по терапевтическим наукам отделения клинической медицины Российской академии наук.

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease, obesity, bronchial asthma: simple combination or complex interaction
    I. V. Druk, E. V. Usacheva, E. V. Nadey, S. S. Safronova, and N. A. Usachev
    LLC Global Media Technology
    Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) continues to be one of the most common diseases in primary health care. In recent years, the presence of several diseases in the same patient at the same time has been widely discussed. An increase in persons suffering from several chronic diseases is associated with a deterioration in the quality of life, a high risk of hospitalization and mortality, and taking into account the presence of co/poly/multimorbidity is necessary for decision-making when developing a patient management strategy in primary health care. Studies on GERD, obesity and bronchial asthma have shown that there are common and bidirectional mechanisms in the development of these diseases. And, there are many gaps in understanding these relationships, it is important to identify concomitant diseases, since they can be the cause of resistance to therapy, to form an unfavorable prognosis of their course.

  • Obesity: current state of the problem, multidisciplinary approach. (based on the consensus of the World Gastroenterological Organization “Obesity 2023” and the European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases, 2022)
    M. A. Livzan, E. A. Lyalyukova, I. V. Druk, S. S. Safronova, A. A. Khalashte, K. A. Martirosian, V. Yu. Petrosian, and Ya. S. Galakhov
    LLC Global Media Technology
    Obesity is the largest pandemic in the world, and its prevalence continues to increase. The purpose of the presented publication is to raise awareness of doctors about modern methods of diagnosing obesity and approaches to therapy, using an interdisciplinary team approach similar to that used in other chronic diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer. The article presents data from the World Gastroenterological Organization (2023) and the European Guidelines for the Treatment of Obesity in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver (2022). According to modern approaches, obesity should be considered as a chronic recurrent progressive disease, the treatment of which requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach involving psychologists and psychiatrists, nutritionists/nutritionists, therapists, endoscopists and surgeons, including lifestyle changes, a well-defined diet and exercise regimen, drug therapy, endoscopic or surgical methods of treatment. Conclusions. In order to stop the growing wave of obesity and its many complications and costs, doctors, insurance companies and health authorities should make systematic efforts to raise public awareness of both the adverse health risks associated with obesity and the potential reduction of risks through a comprehensive approach to therapy.

  • Comparative assessment of combined lipid-lowering therapy in patients with very high cardiovascular risk
    , I.V. Druk, O.Yu. Korennova, , , Yu.E. Yukhina, , , M.V. Savchenko, ,et al.
    LLC Russian Medical Journal
    Aim: to assess the efficacy and safety of combined lipid-lowering therapy including statin and ezetimibe in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are followed up in a short-term study. Patients and Methods: a prospective cohort study involved 50 patients who were divided into 2 groups (25 patients in each group) by sequential inclusion. In group 1, atorvastatin (80 mg) plus ezetimibe (10 mg) were prescribed. In group 2, pitavastatin (4 mg) plus ezetimibe (10 mg) were prescribed. Over a 6-month follow-up period, changes in the clinical signs and parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were evaluated. Results: at baseline, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and glucose levels were similar in the groups. After 1 month, LDL-C <1.4 mmol/L were reported in less than 50%. Meanwhile, a decrease in LDL-C <1.4 mmol/L or a decrease in LDL-C by ≥50% occurred in 17 (68%) patients in each group. After 6 months, glucose levels in group 1 were significantly higher than those in group 2 (p=0.034). Intragroup analysis of blood glucose changes over time revealed a significant increase after 6 months in group 1 (p=0.005) but no significant changes in group 2. Over a 6-month follow-up period, diabetes was newly diagnosed in four patients, with no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: a comparable clinical lipid-lowering efficacy of both treatment regimens was demonstrated. Significantly higher blood glucose levels were reported in the atorvastatin group than in the pitavastatin group, with no significant differences between the groups in newly diagnosed carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The most significant limitation of this study was the small sample size and relatively short follow-up period. KEYWORDS: diabetes, acute coronary syndrome, atorvastatin, pitavastatin, ezetimibe, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism. FOR CITATION: Druk I.V., Korennova O.Yu., Yukhina Yu.E., Savchenko M.V., Podol'naya S.P., Shukil L.V. Comparative assessment of combined lipid-lowering therapy in patients with very high cardiovascular risk. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(9):572–579 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-9-3.

  • General medical practice (family medicine) in the Omsk region as a part of the all-Russian tendencies: development, problems, perspectives
    G.I. Nechaeva, I.V. Druk, I.A. Viktorova, M.A. Livzan, and D.S. Ivanova
    Media Sphere Publishing Group

  • Videocapsular endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases
    E. V. Usacheva, I. V. Druk, E. V. Nadey, and N. A. Usachev
    LLC Global Media Technology
    The increase in the frequency of the use of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) in the study of the gastrointestinal tract, the improvement of this technology over the past decade determine the relevance of describing the advantages of this method over traditional endoscopic methods, as well as the disadvantages of the method and directions of development. VCE is a method in which diseases that were previously detected only posthumously are detected. VCE is more informative than X-ray contrast examination methods or magnetic resonance imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. VCE better detects small neoplasms, which improves the quality of diagnosis and allows you to start timely treatment. VCE is rarely the first choice of imaging method. It is most useful for detecting superficial or hidden lesions and is best used in combination with other endoscopic methods. The cost-effectiveness of this study has yet to be determined. The use of video capsule endoscopy is limited by the high cost of research, but in the coming years, thanks to the development of technologies, the cheaper production process, it will become available to many clinics and patients as a research method.

  • Omics technologies in the diagnosis of oncological diseases
    E. N. Loginova, E. A. Kirch, E. A. Lyalyukova, I. V. Druk, G. I. Nechaeva, O. Yu. Korennova, and A. A. Semenkin
    LLC Global Media Technology
    High mortality and disability from cancer remains one of the important and unresolved issues of modern medicine. Experts of WHO consider, that cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 9 million people die of cancer each year, and more than 14 million are diagnosed with cancer. At the same time, according to Russian epidemiology, there is a trend to increase of cases of cancer, including people of young working age, and there is no reliable, verified information about the causes and mechanisms of development of tumor cells. The patient may begin to complain too late, so it is not always possible to suspect this and prevent the diseases. Many research centers and clinics are concerned about this problem and are deeply involved in solving it. To date, a promising direction in the diagnosis of oncological diseases are omics technologies, which are being studied, tested and gradually introduced into modern medicine. According to scientists, the future of healthcare lies with omics technologies, since they allow studying the whole patient’s genotype, which will allow to suggest a person’s predisposition to a particular disease very early, develop methods of correction and prevention, and select the most effective methods of treatment. The purpose of this review is to systematize domestic and foreign data on the current results of the use of omics technologies in the early diagnosis of oncological diseases.

  • Glycemic control and cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    I. V. Druk and S. S. Safronova
    Remedium, Ltd.
    Over the past few decades, the prevalence of diabetes in developed and developing countries has increased dramatically, making diabetes a key health priority worldwide. It can be assumed that an increase in the life expectancy of patients with diabetes significantly affects the prevalence of diabetes, maintaining the trend of its increase. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and its adverse outcomes compared to the general population. The pathophysiological relationship between hyperglycemia and cardiovascular disease is beyond doubt. Glycemic control per se remains essential for the successful management of diabetes, prevention of chronic complications of the disease and death. Diabetes control involves, first of all, the achievement of target indicators of carbohydrate metabolism. The use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), despite known sensitivity limitations, has become the standard for assessing glycemic control in diabetic patients. Early achievement of the target HbA1c level reduces the risk of diabetic complications, increases the likelihood of long-term sustainable disease control. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that higher HbA1c and greater HbA1c variability are manageable risk factors for adverse cardiovascular events. Optimal hypoglycemic therapy for diabetes in order to reduce cardiovascular risks should ensure the achievement of the target level of glycemic control as soon as possible (the first 3 months of therapy), maintaining the target level of glycemia with the lowest possible HbA1c variability in subsequent years and therapy should be safe. Timely intensification of therapy, including the use of insulin, can prevent the negative consequences of prolonged hyperglycemia. Glar-100 has a high efficacy and safety in comparison with other insulin preparations at the initiation and intensification of DM2 therapy. RingGlar® and Lantus® are equivalent drugs.

  • Hypertensive heart: from left ventricular hypertrophy to chronic heart failure
    A. A. Semenkin, I. V. Druk, V. V. Potapov, V. S. Sapronenko, and A. V. Zakharova
    Arterialnaya Gipertenziya
    Objective. The purpose of this review is to highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms of the sequential formation of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular dysfunction and chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with hypertension (HTN), diagnostic and therapeutical issues of CHF with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction (EF). HTN is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is accompanied by damage of target organs, among which LVH is of particular importance. On the one hand, development of LVH is the consequence of increased load on the heart muscle and neurohumoral stimuli, and on the other hand, it is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias and CHF. HTN precedes newly developed heart failure in 91 % of patients with a predominance of CHF with a preserved EF according to the Framingham Heart Study. To date, different drugs can improve the prognosis of patients with HTN, CHF with reduced EF and to induce LVH regression. However, the issues of effective treatment of patients with CHF with preserved EF are still insufficiently studied.

  • Efficacy of Follow-up Monitoring for Patients with Very High Cardiovascular Risk in the Omsk Region
    Olga Yu. Korennova, Inna V. Druk, Svetlana P. Podolnaya, Marina V. Savchenko, Yulia E. Yuhina, Lyudmila V. Shukil, and Elena A. Ryapolova
    National Medical Research Center For Rehabilitation And Balneology
    Follow-up is the basis for the effectiveness of secondary cardiovascular prevention. Preferential drug provision is a necessary condition for the mass implementation of cardiac rehabilitation programs, as it ensures maximum adherence of patients to expensive drug therapy and the need for regular doctor’s appointment. The Omsk Region has organized and operates a patient routing system aimed at timely initiation and continuous drug provision within the framework of the Federal Project “Fight against Cardiovascular Diseases”. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the first year of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with very high cardiovascular risk who received preferential drugs from the list approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated January 9, 2020 No. 1n. Material and methods. The study was conducted at the Omsk Region Clinical Cardiology Dispensary, a state-financed health care institution, from January 1 to December 31, 2020. A retrospective cohort study was conducted of outpatient records of patients subjected to preferential provision of medicines, namely, those who were in the dispensary for acute stroke, myocardial infarction, or for coronary artery bypass grafting, coronary artery stenting or catheter ablation. A clinical-expert analysis of 1502 final clinical reports of patients who completed follow-up after one year was carried out. The patients’ adherence to dispensary observation, achievement of the target values of the main risk factors, total one-year mortality, frequency of recurrent cardiovascular events and occurrence of adverse events, primary disability were determined. Results and discussion. Outcomes of follow-up monitoring against the background of subsidized drug coverage: total one-year mortality – 1.5% (28 patients, 65.9±6.3 years, men 72.7%). Recurrent cardiovascular events in 12 months – 249 (13.8%) patients (68.4±7.4 years, men 182 (73.1%)). 10 patients had significant atrial fibrillation paroxysms requiring hospitalization (0.6%, 59.4±5.8 years, 40.0% men). Recurrent cardiovascular events were significantly more common in men (χ2 7.45; p=0.045). Target LDL-C level of less than 1.4 mmol/L were achieved in 270 (15.0%) patients with very high cardiovascular risk. Adverse events were identified: non-fatal bleeding – 14 patients (0.8%, 73.4±7.6 years, men 57.1%), transaminitis – 14 patients (0.8%, 70.4±2.3 years, men 71.4%), myalgia on statin therapy – 21 patients (1.2%, 71.2±2.5 years, men 52.4%), dyspnea on ticagrelor – 21 patients (1.2%, 58.4±4.3 years, men 47.6%) 1432 patients (95.3%) had no specified adverse events. There was a significant increase in new cases of type 2 DM from 331 (18.3%) to 339 (22.6%; χ2 McNemar A/D 4.07; p=0.044; B/C 93.09; p=0.002). High-normal blood glucose levels were observed at baseline in 384 patients (21.3%); by the end of follow-up, the number of patients with high-normal glucose was 540 (30.0%; χ2 86.08; p=0.002). There was a significant decrease in the number of patients with CHF (from 72 (4.0%) to 45 (3.0%); χ2 McNemar A/D 48.52; p=0.000; B/C 45.14; p=0.034). Conclusion. The results obtained testify to the effectiveness of the ongoing comprehensive program of medical rehabilitation (medication, physical rehabilitation and psychological counseling).

  • Metformin in the prevention of colorectal cancer with diabetes mellitus
    I. V. Druk, E. A. Lyalyukova, and E. A. Fadeeva
    LLC Global Media Technology
    The purpose of the review is to present an analysis of current literature data on the prospects of using the oncoprotective effect of metformin in colorectal cancer. Metformin is a drug with a long history, it is a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), as well as the most commonly prescribed drug worldwide. Modern researches show that in addition to its role in glucose control, metformin can reduce the risk and mortality from some malignancies and improve the response of patients with DM2 to certain types of cancer treatment. Accumulated data indicate that metformin could be a candidate drug for drug prevention of colorectal cancer.

  • Gallbladder cancer: epidemiology, risk factors
    I. V. Druk, G. I. Nechaeva, E. A. Lyalyukova, and E. V. Semenova
    LLC Global Media Technology
    Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare but highly malignant neoplasm. Most cases are discovered incidentally in patients undergoing evaluation for gallstone disease. It is believed that an unfavorable prognosis associated with RZD is associated with a late stage at diagnosis, which is due to both the anatomical position of the gallbladder and the vagueness and non-specificity of symptoms, which increases the relevance of studying and highlighting this topic. Although the available evidence supports a decline in the overall incidence of RZD over the past 30 years, the incidence may be increasing in younger people. Globally, the burden of gallbladder and other biliary tract cancers has increased over the past 30 years. Several risk factors have been identified for RGB, many of which share the characteristics of chronic gallbladder inflammation. The article discusses the main risk factors and diseases that precede the development of cancer. The purpose of the review is to present an analysis of current literature data on the epidemiology of this disease and risk factors.

  • Pancreatic cancer, pancreatogenic diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus
    I. V. Druk
    LLC Global Media Technology
    Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of death among all types of cancer. PC is very aggressive with a low 5-year overall survival rate. The highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly exceeding the average population, is registered among patients with prostate cancer Recommendations for systemic screening of patients with diabetes for the detection of PC are not standardized. The purpose of this review is to present an analysis of current literature data on pathogenetic relationships between DM and PC and prospects for PC screening. Research data indicate that there is a bidirectional relationship between DM and PC, in which DM can act either as a risk factor for PC or as a marker of paraneoplastic syndrome of PC. In the differential diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, pancreatogenic diabetes and diabetes associated with PC, a set of clinical signs can be used. Patients with DM who have additional signs/symptoms of increased risk can be considered as a group subject to mandatory screening. Numerous studies of various proteomic, metabolomic, genetic and transcriptomic biomarkers PC have been published. The search for an easy-to-use clinically useful and cost-effective PC marker is still ongoing.

  • Risk factors of malignancy
    I. V. Druk, E. V. Semenova, E. N. Loginova, O. Yu. Korennova, A. A. Semyonkin, E. A. Lyalyukova, and E. V. Nadey
    LLC Global Media Technology
    Prevention strategies aim to change environmental and lifestyle risk factors that contribute to the development of cancer. Screening detects abnormalities before they become clinically apparent, allowing intervention either before cancer develops or at an early stage when treatment is most likely to be effective. Despite reliable data on factors that reduce the risk of neoplasms, in routine clinical practice, the effectiveness of cancer prevention is still not high enough. This determines the high importance of the topic of this review, which summarizes the current scientific data on risk factors for the development of oncopathology and ways to influence them. Such risk factors as lifestyle, alcohol and tobacco use, physical activity, nutrition and other environmental factors are considered. A large role is given to infections, which is also considered in this review. The article highlights the intake of vitamins and microelements for the purpose of cancer prevention, as well as the influence of certain drugs taken to treat non-oncological diseases on the development of oncopathology. The purpose of the review is to present an analysis of current literature data on the methods of cancer prevention.

  • ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ANATOMICAL DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE OF THE HEART IN MEN WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA
    Alexander Semenkin, Vladimir Sergeevich Sapronenko, Marina Shupina, Tereshchenko Yulia V., Zhivilova Lilia A., Olga Drokina, Inna Druk, and Galina Nechaeva
    Stavropol State Medical University