Design and Evaluation of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater under Iraq Climate Israa Riyadh Jawad, Rand Nabil Mohammad, Sarah Adil Ismael, Ayad Tareq Mustafa Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 2025 The increasing demand for water heating in buildings, industries, and hospitals shows the necessity of using alternative energy as fossil fuel sources decline. This study aims to design and simulate a flat plate solar water heater, analyze the impact of tube geometry and operating parameters, and evaluate the performance of an open-loop SWH by conducting experiments and using the CFD technique. The designed dimensions and materials of the absorber plate were used in CFD simulation and fabrication of the SWH. A CFD technique ANSYS-FLUENT has been used to simulate thermo-hydraulic laminar flow in SWH tubes. The experimental investigation of an open-loop solar water heating system comprises a flat plate absorber, hot and cold water tanks, a water circulation pump, and measuring devices. Experiments were conducted at different parameters effects. The numerical results were validated with experimental data under Iraq climate. The investigations at low Reynolds numbers show that as the tube length increases by 35% for the tube diameter of 10mm, the outlet temperature rises by 28% and 9% for the flow rate of 0.01L/min and 0.15L/min, respectively. Also, as the tube diameter decreases by 50% for the tube length of 3.21m, the outlet temperature increases by 28% and 6% for the flow rate of 0.01L/min and 0.15L/min, respectively. The greater outlet water temperature obtained in the Baghdad location is at a tilt angle of 40°. Heat transfer from the absorber plate to the flowing water is maximized by reducing the tube diameter, increasing the tube length and absorbing solar radiation.
Numerical Simulation of Performance Enhancement of Solar Vortex Engine Ayad T. Altai Al Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, 2024 The solar vortex engine (SVE) has been investigated to generate power using renewable energy. The SVE was constructed from a vortex generation engine (VGE) and solar air collector (SAC). The SVE system primarily utilizes vertical air movement. However, the airflow entering the VGE experiences an obstruction. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new design for the VGE that creates a swirling updraft capable of overcoming air obstruction and reducing energy losses. A 3D numerical model of VGE was developed to visualize vortex generation. The modeling of the VGE is carried using SOLIDWORKS software and ANSYS-FLUENT 18. The improved VGE has six vertical twisted convergence blades connected to six guide vanes to direct updraft air in an anticlockwise swirl. All blades and vanes are housed in a VGE cylinder with a diameter of 20cm and a height of 30cm. The simulation results were validated by comparing with the results obtained from the present experimental model. The simulation results match with a mean difference of less than 5% with the experimental measurements. The results of the current CFD investigation indicate that there is a gradient in air temperature and pressure within the VGE, ranging from the highest values of 314 K and 3.85 Pa to the lowest values of 308 K and 2.42 Pa, respectively. The CFD visualization shows a threefold increase in axial velocity and a fivefold increase in tangential velocity within an artificial vortex. Therefore, it can be concluded that the new VGE construction is highly efficient in generating a vortex.
Performance Analysis of Open Steam Power Cycle Powered by Concentrated Solar Energy Ayad Tareq Mustafa, Mohammed Mahmood Hadi Proceedings of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2024 This study aims to develop a concentrated solar receiver designed to directly generate steam for driving a steam turbine within the steam power cycle of a carbon-free system. The solar power system consists of parabolic dishes, evaporation tanks, and a steam turbine, and the experimental setup was tested on different days, analyzing the measured parameters with the EES software. Results from the investigation indicate that, under the optimal conditions with a maximum recorded temperature and pressure of 143 ℃ and 2.5 bar, respectively, and a vaporized water mass of 100 grams, the manufactured turbine achieved a maximum isentropic efficiency of 92.48% and a power of 1.76 W. Notably, the evaporation tank and the mini steam turbine demonstrated the capability to generate steam and mechanical power, respectively, without relying on conventional energy.
A Comparative Study of Multi-form Steam Generators Using Concentrated Solar Power Ayad T. Mustafa, Mohammed M. Hadi Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 2021 Solar energy reaching Earth can be used as promising renewable energy to overcome the challenges of steam generation processes. Solar concentrators suffer from fine adjustment of solar radiation concentration and high investment cost. Therefore, multi-configuration receivers named the cylindrical cavity receiver, helical receiver, and the absorber-evaporator-tank have been manufactured from the coiled copper tube and brass plates, respectively. Then, they are tested and compared to improve the performance of steam generators. The performance of the absorber-evaporator-tank receiver has been compared with the cylindrical cavity receiver and helical receiver for a period from 10 am to 12 pm. The present investigation shows that the boiling point of water increasing when the pressure of generated steam increases particularly inside the coiled tube, which affects the dryness fraction of the generated steam. The present results show that the efficiency of the absorber-evaporator-tank is greater than the cylindrical cavity and helical receivers for the tested period. It is found that the thermal efficiency for the absorber-evaporator-tank doubles at noon, which indicates an effective solar receiver for generating steam.
Temperature stratification in a thermal storage tank: The effect of flow rate and aspect ratio Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2021
A comparison study between Archimedes spiral turbine and propeller turbine with wind attack angle effect Ayad T. Mustafa, Haider A. Jaleel Aip Conference Proceedings, 2020 A small-scale of wind turbine model has been designed and fabricated by using Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM Nylon material to investigate its performance. The wind attack angle effect on the generated electricity at Archimedes spiral wind turbine, ASWT, and propeller wind turbine was investigated experimentally. Experimental tests were carried out in the open stream field at different wind attack angles and speeds vary from 0° to 30° and from 6.0 to 10 m/s, respectively. The effects of the upcoming flow on the mechanical power extracted by the rotors and electrical power generation were estimated. Both rotors demonstrated growing in the output power, power coefficient, Cp, and electricity generation when the velocity of the upcoming flow increases from 6.0 to 10 m/s. The present study shows the results of output power and Cp of the spiral turbine is greater than the propeller turbine for all upcoming flow velocities. It was found that ASWT more efficient than the propeller wind turbine for generating electricity.
Experimental investigation of mixed convection heat transfer in a vertical and horizontal annulus with rotating inner cylinder International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, 2018
Solar vortex engine: Experimental modelling and evaluation Hussain H. Al-Kayiem, Ayad T. Mustafa, Syed I.U. Gilani Renewable Energy, 2018 This main objective of the present paper is to introduce a novel developed model of solar vortex engine (SVE). The system design, implementation, aero-thermo-dynamic measurements and analysis have been presented and discussed. The system consists of solar air collector, 8.0 m diameter and 8.8° inclined Perspex canopy, and vortex generation engine (VGE) has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 1.0 m and 1.0 m height. Air was guided from the collector to the arena of vortex generation engine through eight air entry slots with guide vanes which impose the air stream to move in rotational manner. The results of this study demonstrated that the developed SVE was capable to produce swirly updraft flow with tangent to axial velocity ratio of 7.5 at the top exit plane of the VGE. At mean solar radiation of 1040 W/m2 and ambient temperature 35.6 °C, air temperature in the vortex region was about 48–49 °C. The proposed design of the SVE, introduced and experimented in this work, is sufficient to generate the updraft vortex flow. It is recommended to carry out numerical analysis to extend the investigation for the geometrical effects on the system performance.
Investigation and evaluation of the solar air collector model to support the solar vortex engine Arpn Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2015
A review of the vortex engine A. T. Mustafa, H. H. Al-Kayiem, S. I. U. Gilani Wit Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 2013
Experimental study of air flow rate effects on humidification parameters with preheating and dehumidification process changing Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2011
Experimental study of temperature stratification in a thermal storage tank in the static mode for different aspect ratios Arpn Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2011
