A web-based assessment of Iraqi orthodontists’ perception and utilization of orthodontic mobile apps and social media D.H. Obaid, M.K. Sofar, M. Nahidh, A.R. Zaher Clinical Dentistry Russia, 2025 Objectives: The integration of smartphones and mobile applications (apps) into healthcare has significantly reshaped orthodontic practice. However, limited research exists on how orthodontists utilize these tools. This study examines the awareness, adoption, and perceptions of orthodontic apps and social media among Iraqi orthodontists as clinical aids. Materials and methods. A web-based, cross-sectional survey of 132 respondents assessed demographics, app and social media usage, and perceived benefits. Results. Findings indicated that 54% of respondents were unaware of orthodontic apps, and only 11% of those aware used them, primarily for clinical tools such as WebCeph. Patient-focused apps showed minimal adoption, with 95% of participants not recommending these tools to patients. Financial constraints and knowledge gaps were identified as major barriers to adoption. Despite the limited use of apps, 75% of respondents actively used social media for practice promotion, with Instagram* and Facebook* being the preferred platforms. Approximately 67% directed patients to orthodontic content on social media, highlighting its role in patient education. However, concerns about misinformation underscore the need for professional guidelines. The study revealed significant interest (89%) in introductory courses on orthodontic apps, presenting an opportunity to address knowledge gaps through education. Conclusions. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted training and policy initiatives to support the integration of digital tools, improve patient outcomes, and promote the adoption of innovative practices in orthodontics. Further research is recommended to evaluate the long-term impact of these technologies.
Long-Term Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Oral Behaviours, Temporomandibular Disorder-Related Pain, and Anxiety: An 18-Month Prospective Study Bachar Reda, Giovanna Zanon, Luca Contardo, Mohammed Nahidh, Mariam Hmeidan Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research, 2025 ObjectiveOrthodontic treatment is a common approach for correcting malocclusion but is often associated with discomfort. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal changes in oral behaviours, temporomandibular disorder (TMD)‐related pain and anxiety among university students undergoing orthodontic treatment compared to untreated controls.Materials and MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted at the University of Trieste, Italy. Participants were grouped based on the presence or absence of active orthodontic treatment and asked to complete an electronic survey comprising the Oral behaviour checklist‐21 (OBC‐21), TMD pain screener and generalised anxiety disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) at baseline (T0), after 6 months (T1), 12 months (T2) and 18 months (T3). Repeated measures ANOVA analysed within‐group changes over time, while mixed ANOVA assessed group–time interactions.ResultsA total of 114 participants completed all follow‐ups, with 57 in each group and comparable sex distribution. In the orthodontic group, no significant changes were observed across the three measures (p > 0.05). The non‐orthodontic group showed a slight increase in OBC‐21 scores after 12 months (p = 0.034) and a decrease in GAD‐7 scores after 18 months (p = 0.048). Mixed ANOVA confirmed the absence of significant changes in the pattern of scores between the orthodontic and non‐orthodontic groups over time (p > 0.05).ConclusionOrthodontic treatment does not significantly influence oral behaviours, TMD‐related pain or anxiety over time. Routine screening for these factors in orthodontic patients is not required as a standard practice for all orthodontic patients; instead, individualised assessment should be based on clinical indications.
Evaluating the Diagnostic Proficiency Among a Sample of Final Stage Dental Students in Some Orthodontic Cases: A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Competence Noor Nourie Abbass, Zainab Mousa Kadhom, Wurood Khairallah Al-Lehaibi, Mohammed Nahidh Dentistry Journal, 2025 Background/Objectives: This study evaluates the diagnostic and referral skills of final-year dental students at Al-Iraqia University using a questionnaire based on malocclusion cases ranging from mild to severe. Methods: The questionnaire, featuring photos and radiographs of five selected treated cases from two textbooks, was answered by 165 students who were asked to assess each case and determine whether orthodontic or surgical treatment was necessary, as well as to identify factors contributing to an unesthetic profile, such as irregular teeth. Frequency distribution and the Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The results indicated good overall clinical competence. The unesthetic profile and irregular teeth were the main reasons for referring both Class II and III cases for surgery, with mandibular retrusion being the most common factor in aesthetic concerns. Maxillary protrusion was less frequently selected as a key factor in Class II malocclusion cases. Conclusions: The findings suggest that students demonstrated a high level of diagnostic accuracy in identifying treatment needs for various malocclusion cases.
Urinary nickel and chromium levels in orthodontic patients: A case-control study Rihab A. Al-Rawe, Fudhla S. Al-Zubaydi, Mohammed Nahidh, Bassam Alsheekhly Journal of Orthodontic Science, 2025 OBJECTIVES: This case-control study aimed to evaluate the levels of nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) ions in the urine of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, specifically comparing patients treated with nickel–titanium (NiTi) and stainless steel (SS) archwires to a control group without appliance. METHODS: Fifty-one participants were recruited and divided into two case groups and one control group, with 17 participants in each group. Group 1 consisted of patients treated with NiTi archwires for six to eight months, and Group 2 included patients treated with SS archwires for 12 to 18 months. The control group comprised participants with no history of orthodontic treatment. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for Ni and Cr concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. RESULTS: A significant increase in urinary Cr levels was observed in the SS group compared to both the control and the NiTi groups (P < 0.001). No significant difference in Cr levels was found between the NiTi group and the control group (P > 0.05). Regarding Ni concentrations, no statistically significant differences were detected among the three groups (P = 0.109), although higher levels were observed in the SS group. CONCLUSIONS: SS archwires result in a significantly higher release of Cr ions compared to NiTi archwires and untreated controls, raising potential concerns about prolonged Cr exposure during orthodontic treatment. However, both NiTi and SS archwires appear to release relatively low amounts of Ni, with no significant differences among groups.
Antimicrobial Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Coating on Titanium 6 Aluminum 4 Vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V)-Fixed Orthodontic Retainer Substrate Shahbaa A. Mohammed, Mohammed Nahidh, Mohammed K. Khalaf, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, Marco Cicciù, et al. European Journal of General Dentistry, 2025 Objectives Due to its excellent biocompatibility, superior mechanical qualities, and exceptional corrosion resistance, titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy is frequently used for medical and orthodontic purposes as a fixed retainer after active orthodontic treatment. Titanium lacks the antibacterial characteristics and is bioinert, this may influence the usage of such materials in the field of biomedical applications. Bacterial adhesion to the orthodontic retainer surface is a common first step in infection; this is followed by bacterial colonization ending with the formation of a biofilm. Once biofilm forms, it is highly resistant to medicines and the host immune system's defense mechanism, making it difficult to remove the biofilm from orthodontic retainer. This study aimed to test the antimicrobial effect of a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle coating on Ti-6Al-4V orthodontic retainers. Materials and Methods ZnO nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10 to 30 nm, were used to coat the alloy using the electrophoretic deposition method. Various parameters and surface characterization tests were employed to obtain an optimized sample. This sample was subjected to the microbial adherence optical density test to examine the adherence of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria, and Candida albicans. Results The optimized sample had a 5-mg/L ZnO concentration, applied voltage of 50 V, and a 1-cm distance between electrodes. The ZnO coating significantly reduced microbial adherence compared to uncoated samples, effectively inhibiting bacterial development. Conclusion Electrophoretic deposition is an efficient and cost-effective technique for coating orthodontic titanium retainer substrates. Coating Ti-6Al-4V with ZnO nanoparticles increased the antimicrobial effectiveness of the material and as the concentration of the nanoparticles rises, the antimicrobial effect increases too.
Awareness to Orthodontics among a Sample of Final Year Dental Students Zainab Mousa Kadhom, Alaa Faleh Albo Hassan, Hossam Ibrahim Kadhum, Mohammed Nahidh, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, et al. European Journal of General Dentistry, 2025 Objective Because of esthetic demand, awareness about orthodontic treatment has increased nowadays, especially among young people and adolescents, in addition to the fact that knowledge of orthodontics and various details of it is more significant among dental students according to what they learned in their curricula and their examination and observation of many cases of malocclusion. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the awareness of the final year of undergraduate dental students toward orthodontics. Materials and Methods About 532 (320 females and 212 males) students in the fifth year of six Iraqi universities were invited to participate in this questionnaire distributed via the Google classroom. This questionnaire included 20 questions about orthodontics. Pearson's chi-square test evaluated the gender and universities differences. Results In general, the awareness responses were very high in most of the questions answered except in three questions in which the percentage of positive answers varies from 49 to 76%. Also, there were no significant gender differences in 17 question answers, and only 3 showed significant gender differences. Females expressed a high level of awareness than males. Conclusion The high and close level of awareness expressed by students' responses in this study revealed the integrated education in orthodontic sciences in Iraqi dental colleges in different universities, except in some questions that deal with topics about the acceleration of tooth movement and the relation between vitamin D3 and teeth movement.
Changes in Dental Arch Dimensions Following Non-Extraction Fixed Orthodontic Treatment MN Hala Mohammed Jasim, Hiba M. Hussien, Nadia B. Al-Ansari Ain Shams Dental Journal 41 (1), 323-329 , 2026 2026
A web-based assessment of Iraqi orthodontists’ perception and utilization of orthodontic mobile apps and social media ARZ D.H. Obaid, M.K. Sofar, M. Nahidh Clinical Dentistry (Russia) 28 (4), 201-205 , 2025 2025
Long‐Term Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Oral Behaviours, Temporomandibular Disorder‐Related Pain, and Anxiety: An 18‐Month Prospective Study B Reda, G Zanon, L Contardo, M Nahidh, M Hmeidan Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 28 (6), 1027-1033 , 2025 2025
Optimizing Contemporary Orthodontic Treatment using the 2×4 Appliance: A Narrative Review of the Techniques and Outcomes MN Reham A. Abd Al-Ridha Journal of Medical and Oral Biosciences 2 (3), 1-16 , 2025 2025
Systematic Review of Antibacterial Effects of Nanoparticles in Clear Overlay Orthodontic Appliances: Advancements in Orthodontic Treatment AFK Noor Nourie Abbass, Muhammad Azrul Zabidi, Ali Jabber Addie, Mohammed ... Journal of Dentistry , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Evaluation of the microleakage of new bioactive restorative materials: a comparative in-vitro study. M Nahidh, V Ronsivalle, M Cicciù, G Minervini Minerva Dental and Oral Science 74 (4), 217-222 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Evaluating the Diagnostic Proficiency Among a Sample of Final Stage Dental Students in Some Orthodontic Cases: A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Competence NN Abbass, ZM Kadhom, WK Al-Lehaibi, M Nahidh Dentistry Journal 13 (7), 300 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
A web-based survey on the use of bonded molar tubes among Iraqi orthodontists MN Mostafa Kareem Sofar, Dina H Obaid, Rawaa Saadoon Hashim Ain Shams Dental Journal 38 (2), 277-282 , 2025 2025
Urinary nickel and chromium levels in orthodontic patients: A case-control study RA Al-Rawe, FS Al-Zubaydi, M Nahidh, B Alsheekhly Journal of orthodontic science 14 (1), 21 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Antimicrobial Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Coating on Titanium 6 Aluminum 4 Vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V)-Fixed Orthodontic Retainer Substrate SA Mohammed, M Nahidh, MK Khalaf, MM Marrapodi, M Cicciù, ... European Journal of General Dentistry 14 (2), 142-153 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Acceptance or rejection of the COVID-19 Vaccine: A cross-sectional study among Orthodontists ZM Kadhom, AFA Hassan, SAA Ameer, M Nahidh, MM Marrapodi, ... Journal of Contemporary Orthodontics 9 (1), 48-53 , 2025 2025
A Review of the Different Applications of Laceback in Fixed Orthodontic Therapy MN Shahad Hassan Abbas Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 13 (2), 317-327 , 2025 2025
Fixed orthodontic retainer coating and antimicrobial treatment: A review article MKK Shahbaa A Mohammed, Mohammed Nahidh Ain Shams Dental Journal 38 (2), 711-717 , 2025 2025
Awareness to Orthodontics among a Sample of Final Year Dental Students ZM Kadhom, AFA Hassan, HI Kadhum, M Nahidh, MM Marrapodi, ... European Journal of General Dentistry 14 (1), 88-99 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Assessment of the maxillary sinus dimensions and volume in different skeletal malocclusion classes: an analytical Cross-Sectional study ZH Altaee, BS Mahdi, M Nahidh, AT Bdaiwi Dental Hypotheses 16 (1), 7-9 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Novel cytotoxicity of nano-coated orthodontic micro-implants: An in vitro study SS Othman, MQ Albagdaly, M Nahidh, MA Hameed, MM Marrapodi, ... APOS Trends in Orthodontics 15 (1), 31-44 , 2025 2025
The effect of salivary interleukin-8 level and feeding pattern on the gingival health condition among children WM Jabber, DA Majbil, HA Yaseen, M Nahidh, MM Ali, H Diab Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma & Acute Care 2024 (8) , 2024 2024
The effect of energy drinks on force degradation of elastomeric chains (An in vitro study) NN Abbass, AFA Hassan, M Nahidh Journal of Orthodontic Science 13 (1), 40 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Tanaka and Johnston Space Analysis: Does It Apply to All Populations? FS Al-Zubaydi, DH Obaid, M Nahidh, MM Marrapodi, V Ronsivalle, ... European Journal of General Dentistry 13 (3), 198-204 , 2024 2024
Pont’s Index, is it Reliable and Applicable for Iraqis? HM Hussien, SA Mohammed, LMK Nissan, M Nahidh Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 12 (1), 165-171 , 2024 2024
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Size and morphology of sella turcica in Iraqi adults YA Yassir, MN Nahidh, HA Yousif Mustansiriya Dental Journal 7 (1), 23-30 , 2010 2010 Citations: 48
The role of social media in communication and learning at the time of COVID-19 lockdown—an online survey M Nahidh, NFK Al-Khawaja, HM Jasim, G Cervino, M Cicciù, G Minervini Dentistry Journal 11 (2), 48 , 2023 2023 Citations: 31
Understanding anchorage in orthodontics-a review article M Nahidh, A Azzawi, S Al-Badri Ann Clin Med Case Rep 2 (3), 1-6 , 2019 2019 Citations: 22
Assessment of Ions released from Three Types of Orthodontic Brackets immersed in Different Mouthwashes: An in vitro Study ESJ Mohammed Nahidh, Noor MH Garma The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 19 (1), 73-80 , 2018 2018 Citations: 20
Orthodontic Pain (Causes and Current Management) A Review Article MN Reem Atta Rafeeq, Alan Issa Saleem, Alaa Falah Albo Hassan International Medical Journal 25 (3), 1071-1080 , 2020 2020 Citations: 19
Evaluation of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Normal Adults with Different Vertical Discrepancies MN Sara M. Al-Mashhadany, Hiba M.H. Al-Chalabi International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 6 (2), 938-942 , 2017 2017 Citations: 19
The Association between Malocclusion and Nutritional Status among 9-11 Years Old Children MN Esraa S. Jasim, Noor M. H. Garma Iraqi Orthodontic Journal 12 (1), 13-19 , 2016 2016 Citations: 18
Assessment of palatal dimensions in a sample of Iraqi adults with different facial forms MN Haider M.A. Ahmed, Noor F.K. Al-Khawaja Iraqi Dental Journal 10 (1), 8-11 , 2014 2014 Citations: 18
A New Method for Prediction of Dental Arch Perimeter MN Nadia Basim Al-Ansari, Suha Ali Abdul Ameer Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry 11, 393-397 , 2019 2019 Citations: 17
The role of maxillary canines in forensic odontology M Nahidh, HMA Ahmed, AB Mahmoud, SM Murad, BS Mehdi Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 25 (4), 109-113 , 2013 2013 Citations: 16
Palatal dimensions in different occlusal relationships AG Mohammed Nahidh, Noor F. K. Al-Khawaja Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 24 (1), 116-120 , 2012 2012 Citations: 16
Rapid apical healing with simple obturation technique in response to a calcium silicate‐based filling material B AlBakhakh, A Al-Saedi, R Al-Taee, M Nahidh International Journal of Dentistry 2022 (1), 6958135 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Carbonated Soft Drinks and Orthodontics: Review of Literature ZA Abd Al-Hussain, M Nahidh 2021 Citations: 15
Iraqi cephalometric norms using McNamara’s analysis M Nahidh Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 22 (3), 123-127 , 2010 2010 Citations: 15
The value of maxillary central incisors and canines in gender determination as an aid in forensic dentistry M Nahidh Iraqi Dental Journal 36 (1), 8-12 , 2014 2014 Citations: 14
Impaction prevalence of permanent teeth pattern from orthodontic view AMY Al-Mayali, M Nahidh, HA Alnajar, AH Fahad EurAsian Journal of BioSciences 14 (2), 2823-2828 , 2020 2020 Citations: 12
Diet and orthodontics-A review M a Ibraheem, M Nahidh Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 33 (3), 30-38 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
The association between the facial and dental arch forms M Nahidh, HMA Ahmed, AS Kadhum, AM Al-Attar Int J Sci Res 6 (6), 659-663 , 2017 2017 Citations: 11
The effects of various beverages on the shear bond strength of light-cured orthodontic composite (An in vitro comparative study) M Nahidh Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 26 (3), 144-148 , 2014 2014 Citations: 11
The reliability of AutoCAD program in cephalometric analysis in comparison with pre¬programmed cephalometric analysis software ZHA Mohammed Nahidh, Ahmed F. Al-Jarad Iraqi Dental Journal 34 (1), 35-40 , 2012 2012 Citations: 11