Water Resources Engineering
Environmental Engineering
42
Scopus Publications
550
Scholar Citations
13
Scholar h-index
19
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Assessing the Accuracy of NASA POWER Data in Estimating Weather Variables (Precipitation and Temperature) for Khassa Chai River Watershed Alaa Jasim Mohammed, Basim Sh. Abed, Maysam Th. Al-Hadidi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2026 This study intends to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of satellite data from the NASA POWER project in capturing important climatic variables, which are precipitation and air temperature, compared with data collected from the National Climate Data Center (NCDC) ground-based weather stations located in the Khassa Chai River basin. The basin has a topographic gradient beginning on the northeastern highlands and sloping towards the southwest. The Khassa Chai River Basin experiences a semi-arid climate, with hot, dry summers and relatively cold and wet winters. Daily precipitation and temperature records (2010–2024) were collected from four weather stations, in addition to records from the NASA POWER recording at the nearest grid points. To evaluate the reliability of the datasets from NASA POWER, this study used several relevant statistical indicators (i.e., the coefficient of determination (R²), correlation coefficient (CC), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), mean bias error (MBE), and root mean square error (RMSE)) at daily, monthly, and yearly time scales. The analysis of precipitation indicated an excellent fit between the NASA POWER satellite data and in-situ data. For monthly comparison, the R² was 0.89, and the CC was 0.94, while for annual comparison, the R² was 0.81, and the CC was 0.88. Overall, the fit improved with longer time scales, which indicates the ability of the satellite data to accurately capture precipitation trends over time. The range of NSE values from 0.72 to 0.87 also reinforces the ability of the data to reproduce precipitation changes over time.
Weather Elements Generation and Future Runoff Simulation in Horan Valley, Western Desert, Iraq Wisam Abdulabbas Abidalla, Basim Sh. Abed Iraqi Geological Journal, 2026 Two models were applied in this study for the aim to generate future weather elements and simulate future runoff in Horan Valley, one of the largest valleys in the Iraqi western desert. Weather data from the last ten years was used by the climate model to generate future weather elements for the next ten years (2026-2035), such as rain and temperature. The generated results indicate that maximum rainfall is expected in April 2026 (91.6 mm, November 2030 (60.3 mm, January 2031 (76.4 mm), and December 2035 (68.3 mm). Results of this model are used as weather input data in the hydrological model to simulate and predict future runoff for Horan Valley. In the model simulation, the watershed delineation yielded 106 hydrological response units and 24 sub-basins. The future runoff quantities estimated by this model represent the expected amount of water that will be directly added to the Euphrates River. Results from the model simulation show that the maximum runoff during the next ten years occurs in April 2026 (18.4 mm), November 2030 (13.3mm), and January 2033 (17.4 mm), where the runoff periods are concentrated during the rainy season from November to April. The estimation of future runoff quantity in Horan Valley is very important to provide accurate future forecasts of water resources in the study region.
Assessment of the Effect of Climatic Change on the Water Balance and Groundwater Recharge in Al-Teeb District, Southern Iraq Abrar M. Abd Al-Aali, Basim Sh. Abed, Alyaa Shakir Oleiwi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2026 Groundwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions are highly sensitive to climate variability, and assessing future water balance conditions is essential for sustainable management. This study evaluates the effect of climate change on the water balance of the Al-Teeb district in southern Iraq under both historical (1993–2023) and future (2031–2050) climate conditions. The analysis was performed with the Thornthwaite-Lerner method, combined with statistically downscaled climate projections produced through Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG, v8) that was driven by HadGEM3-GC31-LL GCM for the SSP2-4. 5 scenarios. During the reference period, mean annual precipitation amounted to 178.9 mm/yr, and corrected potential evapotranspiration (PETc) was 2535 mm/yr, resulting in a large annual water deficit (2414 mm/yr) and indicating arid conditions in this region. Future simulations indicate a rise in precipitation (258.4 mm/yr), but a sharper increase in PETc to 4011 mm/yr, resulting in a larger deficit (3853 mm/yr) while the region remains arid. Groundwater recharge, estimated using the coefficient approach, was 8.9 mm/yr in the baseline and 12.9 mm/yr in the future scenario. Although rainfall is projected to increase, the strong evaporative demand severely restricts recharge opportunities. These findings highlight the urgent need for adaptive groundwater management strategies to mitigate intensifying aridity and secure long-term water availability in the Al-Teeb district.
Multi-Agent System Simulations for Human-Wildlife Conflict Resolution and Ecosystem Restoration Planning Muntadher MuhssanAlmusawi, Turki Meften Saad, Ayser Imad Abdul-Aziz, Basim Sh. Abed, Safa Jasim Tuama, et al. Journal of Animal Environment, 2025 As habitat fragmentation and land-use changes increase alongside increased human activities, human wildlife conflict has risen and is currently posing dire consequences for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem stability. This paper presents an analysis, prediction, and mitigation of human-wildlife conflicts using a multi-agent system (MAS) simulation framework to facilitate ecosystem restoration planning. It is founded on the assumption that human beings, wildlife, and environmental units are represented as adaptive autonomous agents with adaptive behaviors as well as decision-making capabilities. The primary objective is to measure the impacts of agent interactions, movement, and resource competition patterns on the prevalence of conflict and habitat recovery. The spatial land-use, ecological properties of species, and patterns of human activity within an agent-based simulation environment form the methodology for experimenting with scenarios combining diverse management strategies. The simulation outcomes suggest that, with coordinated interventions (such as habitat corridors, buffer zones, and controlled land-use practices), the frequency of conflicts can be significantly reduced and the connectivity and success of ecosystems and restoration efforts can be enhanced. The findings highlight the application of MAS simulations in the decision-making process of conservation planning, and they help to avoid conflicts and sustainably manage ecosystems. Overall, the article highlights that agent-based modeling can align ecological dynamics with human preferences in problematic socio-ecological settings.
Effect of Repeated Earthquakes on Al-Adhaim Earth Dam Factor of Safety and Seismic Improvement Using Stone Columns Abdulsalam Mahdi Mirza, Zuhair Kadhim Jahanger, Basim Sh. Abed Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2025 Earth dams in regions with moderate to high seismic activity are crucial for protecting downstream communities. Iraq and its neighboring areas have seen recurrent seismic activity, notably the 2017 Halabja Earthquake, which potentially compromised the integrity of the existing earth dam. The Darbandikhan Dam, affected by an earthquake, has inadequacies in its crest and downstream slope, presenting a greater danger of significant earthquake-induced damage compared to cyclic shocks. Consequently, evaluating the dam's safety is essential for safeguarding downstream residents and identifying optimal ways to avert slope stability failure amid recurrent seismic activity. Iraq's seismicity map is being updated to reflect earthquake magnitude, highlighting the need for immediate action. Stone columns are a ground improvement technique that utilizes compacted stone columns to enhance soil strength by increasing shear strength and reducing excess pore water pressure in non-cohesive soils. The behavior of prop stone columns on slopes under static and dynamic loads has not been extensively investigated. This study the influence of stone columns on the stability of the downstream slope of the Al-Adhaim Earth Dam in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, under static and dynamic loads induced by four earthquakes with a peak ground acceleration of 0.2 g for durations of 15 and 30 seconds, using Geo Studio software for various scenarios. The findings indicated that the stone column resulted in a very slight improvement in the safety factor of the downstream slope under static load conditions. The presence of the stone column significantlymproved the safety factor during all seismic occurrences relative to its absence.
Comparison between Satellite Rainfall Data and Rain Gauge Stations in Al Ghadaf Valley, Iraq Basim Sh. Abed, Haneen A. Mohammed Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 One of the most pressing issues that needs investigation and management is flooding. For this reason, a study was undertaken to determine the amount of surface runoff from the Al Ghadaf Valley situated In the Anbar Governorate arid region to the west, the Al-Ghadaf Valley is fed by three sub-basins. The highest possible surface runoff from this valley into Al-Razazza Lake was calculated. This study’s aims to conduct a hydrological analysis of the three basins using HEC-HMS, a highly dependable and effective tool for tracing the relationship between precipitation. Applying ArcGIS 10.8In order to investigate the basins’ hydrology in the Al-Ghadaf valley. simulations run using real rainfall data. The most excellent discharge into the Al-Ghadaf Valley was 4204.8 m 3 /sec on 20 October 2020, according to NASA rain data, which did not provide accurate findings when compared to actual rainfall data for the same time. After comparing NASA rainfall data with real rainfall data, it was determined that the former cannot be relied on.
Hydrological assessment of the Al Abyadh valley through HEC-HMS modeling: integration of land use land cover (LULC) and climate changes Basim Sh. Abed, Haneen A. Mohammed Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 Al-Abyadh Valley faces challenges posed by increasing water demand and the effects of climate change, requiring innovative solutions for sustainable water management. This study was conducted to improve the long-term use of water resources in the Western Desert of Iraq. To achieve this, the study attempts to estimate the detection of land use change and pollution and their impact on water resources by analyzing the performance of the Hydrological Model (HEC-HMS) from 2008 to 2022. The HEC-HMS model identifies hydrological processes and evaluates the Temporal and spatial distribution of water resources in the watershed. The study results revealed that the maximum precipitation volume and runoff volume were achieved for each basin, respectively 14,11,20,10 (1231.4 mm, 24713.38 mm, 24713.38 mm, 1301.09 mm) and (1191.30 mm, 2466.863 mm, 2466.863 mm, 1261.01 mm) in Data (10 Nov 2020, 26 Mar 2010,26 Mar 2010, 23 Dec 2022). The impressive results of the HEC_HMS model demonstrate that it can be a promising decision support tool for predicting water balance and productivity in other watersheds in the Western Desert of Iraq, achieving sustainable water resource management where water quality and quantity are critical issues.
Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Drawdown Under Variable Pumping Conditions in Al-Teeb Area Using GMS Abrar M. Abd Alaali, Basim Sh. Abed Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 This study presents a numerical simulation of groundwater drawdown in the Al-Teeb area, located in Maysan Governorate, Iraq, utilizing the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) software supported by GIS-based spatial analysis. A calibrated three-dimensional groundwater flow model was developed by integrating field data, including well distribution, hydraulic properties, and long-term climate records. Four pumping scenarios were simulated: continuous extraction at current rates over 5, 10, and 25 years, and an intensified scenario involving quadrupled pumping over 25 years. Results indicated that after 5 years, drawdown remained moderate and localized. However, after 25 years, the drawdown reached up to 8.5 meters across the central and southern zones. In the intensified scenario, drawdown exceeded 12 meters and affected nearly the entire aquifer, indicating a critical risk of long-term depletion. These findings underscore the need for sustainable groundwater management strategies, including controlled extraction, alternating well operations, and artificial recharge, to ensure the long-term viability of the Al-Teeb aquifer.
STUDYING THE IMPACT OF DEAD STORAGE USE ON THE EUPHRATES RIVER WATER QUALITY (RAMADI BARRAGE TO FALLUJA BARRAGE AS A CASE STUDY) Wisam Abdulabbas Abidalla, Basim Sh. Abed Kufa Journal of Engineering, 2025 The Stream Quality Model (QUAL2KW) used for simulation the Quality of Euphrates River Water. The study area extends along (78 km) of the river path from downstream of Ramadi Barrage to upstream of Falluja Barrage. Tharthar-Euphrates Canal carries the dead storage water from Tharthar reservoir to the Euphrates River at the meet point (52 km) from downstream of Ramadi Barrage. Statistical tests conducted between values of water quality parameter concentrations obtained from sites with the values simulated by this model. The results of statistical tests showed great convergence and gave reliability and credibility in adopting the use of this model for river quality simulation. To evaluate the effect of using the reservoir dead storage water on the river water quality, model operated with scenarios represented different releases of dead storage water by (30%, 60%, and 100%) lead to increases in these quality parameters concentration by (3%-9%), (5%-14%) and (8%-19%) respectively, which does not significantly affect the Euphrates River’s water quality. The results of applying the various scenarios showed that 30% is optimal for maintaining the quality of river’s water for drinking purposes after performing the required treatments, and 100% for maintaining the quality of river’s water for irrigation purposes without affecting the various plants
Assessing the Accuracy of NASA POWER Data in Estimating Weather Variables (Precipitation and Temperature) for Khassa Chai River Watershed AJ Mohammed, BS Abed, MT Al-Hadidi Journal of Engineering 32 (4), 123-142 , 2026 2026
Weather Elements Generation and Future Runoff Simulation in Horan Valley, Western Desert, Iraq WA Abidalla, BS Abed The Iraqi Geological Journal, 164-174 , 2026 2026
Assessment of the Effect of Climatic Change on the Water Balance and Groundwater Recharge in Al-Teeb District, Southern Iraq AM Abd Al-Aali, BS Abed, AS Oleiwi Journal of Engineering 32 (3), 193-208 , 2026 2026
Using of Hydrological and Climatic Modeling to Estimate Future Runoff Reaching the Euphrates River from Hiqlan Valley. WA Abidalla, BS Abed Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 12 (12) , 2025 2025
Effect of Repeated Earthquakes on Al-Adhaim Earth Dam Factor of Safety and Seismic Improvement Using Stone Columns AM Mirza, ZK Jahanger, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 31 (12), 101-116 , 2025 2025
Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Drawdown Under Variable Pumping Conditions in Al-Teeb Area Using GMS AM Abd Alaali, BS Abed IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1545 (1), 012035 , 2025 2025
Comparison between Satellite Rainfall Data and Rain Gauge Stations in Al Ghadaf Valley, Iraq BS Abed, HA Mohammed IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1545 (1), 012018 , 2025 2025
Hydrological assessment of the Al Abyadh valley through HEC-HMS modeling: integration of land use land cover (LULC) and climate changes BS Abed, HA Mohammed IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1545 (1), 012121 , 2025 2025
STUDYING THE IMPACT OF DEAD STORAGE USE ON THE EUPHRATES RIVER WATER QUALITY (RAMADI BARRAGE TO FALLUJA BARRAGE AS A CASE STUDY). WA Abidalla, BS Abed Kufa Journal of Engineering 16 (4) , 2025 2025
Modeling and Predicting Water Quality in the Euphrates River from Haditha Dam to Ramadi Barrage Using QUAL2KW WA Abidalla, BS Abed Journal homepage: http://iieta. org/journals/ijdne 20 (4), 803-811 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
The Feasibility of Constructing Rainwater Harvesting Dams and Their Storage Capacity in Al-Abyadh Valley West of Iraq HA Mohammed, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 31 (3), 96-112 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Predicting Future Surface Runoff Delivered to the Euphrates River Using LARSWG and SWAT Models:(Sahiliya Valley in the Iraqi Western Desert as a Case Study) WA Abidalla, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 31 (2), 156-176 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Evaluation of the Dagharah-Huriyh Irrigation Project. HM Kadhum, BS Abed Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 11 (11) , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Feasibility and Storage Capacity of Water Harvesting Dams in Al‐Ghadaf Valley/Western Iraq HA Mohammed, BS Abed International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 19 (5), 1715-1724 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Application of HEC-RAS Software for Steady and Unsteady Hydraulic Simulation of Al- Musayyab Canals AA Hasan Khalid Razzaq, Basim Sh. Abed Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 11 (9), 2557-2565 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Modeling surface runoff in Al-Mohammadi Valley: Influence of climate and soil parameters MR Al-Juhaishi, AS Oleiwi, BS Aed International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics 19 (3), 1043-1049 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Impact of Humic Substances on Alleviation of Soil Salinity and the Enhancement of Plant Productivity: a review B Abed, EK Mahmood, AMS Addaheri University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research 13 (1), 176-184 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Simulation of bed change in Al-Musayyab Canal using HEC-RAS software HK Razzaq, BS Abed, AJJ Al-Saadi Journal of Engineering 30 (05), 114-131 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Impact of the sewage disposal from Kut City on the surface water of Al-Shuwaija Marsh, Iraq SA Al-Zubaidi, BSH Abed Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 22 (2), 361-370 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Studying and assessing surface water use of Shuwaija Marsh within Wasit Governorate-Iraq SA Al-Zubaidi, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 30 (03), 159-176 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Simulation and Assessment of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Uses BSA Majed Rodhan Hussain Civil Engineering Journal 5 (9), 1863-1876 , 2019 2019 Citations: 60
Application of Multivariate Statistical Techniques in the surface water quality Assessment of Tigris River at Baghdad stretch, Iraq BS Abed Journal university of Babylon 22 (2), 450-462 , 2014 2014 Citations: 56
WATER QUALITY MODELLING AND MANAGEMENT OF DIYALA RIVER AND ITS IMPACT ON TIGRIS RIVER AHI BASIM SH. ABED, MARIAM H. DAHAM Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 16 (1), 122-135 , 2021 2021 Citations: 34
Water quality index toward a reliable assessment for water supply uses: a novel approach BS Abed, AAR Farhan, AH Ismail, S Al Aani International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 19 (4), 2885-2898 , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
One and two-dimensional hydraulic simulation of a reach in Al-Gharraf River MH Daham, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 26 (7), 28-44 , 2020 2020 Citations: 28
Flow characteristics of Tigris River within Baghdad City during drought BI Asaad, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 26 (3), 77-92 , 2020 2020 Citations: 24
Experimental and theoretical investigations of seepage reduction through zoned earth dam material with special core ZN Alzamily, BS Abed Materials Today: Proceedings 61, 998-1005 , 2022 2022 Citations: 23
Simulation of Sediment Transport in the Upper Reach of AlGharraf River DBSAMH Daham IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 901 (012012), 1-10 , 2020 2020 Citations: 20
Estimation of surface runoff to Bahr Al-Najaf AA Farhan, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 27 (9), 51-63 , 2021 2021 Citations: 19
Comparison of seepage trough zoned earth dam using improved light-textured soils ZN Alzamily, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 28 (3), 32-45 , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
Water Distribution and Interference of Wetting Front in Stratified Soil Under a Continues and an Intermittent Subsurface Drip Irrigation DBS Abed Journal of Green Engineering 10 (2), 1-19 , 2020 2020 Citations: 17
The behavior of scouring around multiple bridge piers having different shapes BS Abed, HQ Majeed IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 745 (012158), 1-13 , 2020 2020 Citations: 14
Assessment and Modelling of Water Quality along Al-Gharraf River (Iraq) HAAT Basim Sh. Abed, Mariam H. Daham Journal of Green Engineering 10 (12), 13565-13579 , 2020 2020 Citations: 13
Assessing of the morphology and sediment transport of Diyala River WA Jassam, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 27 (11), 47-63 , 2021 2021 Citations: 12
CFD SIMULATION FOR THE OPERATION EFFECT OF GATES OPENINGS OF AL-HAY REGULATOR ON THE LOCAL EROSION MSS HAYDER Q. MAJEED, BASIM S. ABED Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 16 (2), 1098-1109 , 2021 2021 Citations: 12
Groundwater Simulation and Wells Distribution at Qazaniyah City in Diyala Governorate MRH Basim Sh. Abed Journal of Engineering / University of Baghdad 26 (9), 95-113 , 2020 2020 Citations: 12
Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Water Productivity and Yield of Wheat Cultivated Using Developed Seasonal Schedule Irrigation in Euphrates Basin BSA Ban F. Hassan AIP Conf. Proc. 2864, 020012 (2024) , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Improvement of the hydrodynamic behavior and water quality assessment of Al-Chibayish Marshes, Iraq WJ Al-Rikabi, BS Abed Journal of Engineering 27 (12), 50-68 , 2021 2021 Citations: 10
Hydraulic characteristics of the lower part of Diyala River WA Jassam, BS Abed IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1105 (1), 012107 , 2021 2021 Citations: 10
Rainfall prediction and runoff modelling under climate change scenarios for Tigris River from Mosul to Baghdad cities. AS Oleiwi, BS Abed, BF Hasan 2023 Citations: 9