M.Sc., Ph. D., (DRDO)., PDF (Rockefeller Foundation) PDF (EGIDE- France)., FRES. (UK), FRSB (UK)., FRSC (UK)., FLS. (London), FICEZS., (India). FSED (India)
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Zoology, Entomology, Acarology, Neurobiology, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy,
Gene Cloning, Molecular Entomology, Plant Molecular Biology, plant transformation, Plant tissue Cultue, Over Expression of Recombinant Proteins,
Human Male Infertility, Biology of infertile human Semen,
55
Scopus Publications
1952
Scholar Citations
29
Scholar h-index
42
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Impact of air pollution and heavy metal exposure on sperm quality: A clinical prospective research study Abilash D, Sridharan T B Toxicology Reports, 2024 Exposure to air pollution poses significant risks to human health, including detrimental effects on the reproductive system, affecting both men and women. Our prospective clinical study aimed to assess the impact of prolonged air pollution exposure on sperm quality in male patients attending a fertility clinic. The current study was conducted at Sri Narayani Hospital and Research Centre in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, and the study examined sperm samples obtained from individuals with extended exposure to air pollution. Microscopic analysis, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), was conducted to evaluate sperm morphology. At the same time, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) determined the presence of heavy metals, including Zinc (Zn), Magnesium (Mg), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd), known to affect sperm production. Our findings revealed that long-term exposure to air pollution adversely affects sperm quality, manifesting in alterations during the spermatogenesis cycle, morphological abnormalities observed through SEM, and impaired sperm motility. Additionally, epidemiological evidence suggests that elevated levels of cadmium and lead in the environment induce oxidative stress, leading to sperm DNA damage and reduced sperm concentrations. These results underscore the urgent need for environmental interventions to mitigate air pollution and protect reproductive health.
Cinnamon-mediated nano emulsion and its cryogenic activity on ROS-affected human sperm—A short study Parameswari Ranganathan, TB Sridharan, R. Babujanarthanam, P. Madhan Kumar, R. Ganesamoorthy, K. Thirugnanasambandham Toxicology Reports, 2024 Oil-mediated nano emulsion, a more advanced technology than other commercial extenders, will protect spermatozoa for extended periods against ROS and cryo injuries. The study is designed to elucidate the most suitable extender to preserve infertile subjects' sperm cells against ROS damage. This is a significant step forward for the andrology society, as it introduces the use of a nano emulsion extender (natural oil extract) for the first time, particularly for those who are undergoing urology-related defects. The study involved forty-four (44) infertile subjects with smoking habits and forty-two (42) fertile subjects without smoking habits, as per CASA guidelines. Semen preservatives (glycerol and egg yolk citrate), along with our naturally derived nano emulsion components (CN, EN, and EL), were prepared and used to preserve the semen sample for 24 hours. Standard semen parameters (morphology, viability, and integrity), ROS, and sperm acrosome state by staining were measured before and after cryopreservation. The results indicated that the morphology and motility of sperm features were better maintained in the CN-oil-mediated nano emulsion than in other emulsions, and ROS-induced DNA damage was reduced. Graphical Abstract • Cryopreservatives generally used to protect sperm cells during the person who undergone surgery or donated sperm at sperm bank for future purposes. • Nano emulsion is a new trend in sperm cryopresrvation. Nanoemulsion from natural sources than commercial will be less/zero side effects. • Less ROS or sustained stability of sperm cells were observed under nanoemulsion than other meidum. Easy preparation than Nano particles & cost.
Identification and Structure Prediction of Human Septin-4 as a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Asthenozoospermic Infertile Patients—Critical Finding Toward Personalized Medicine A. S. Vickram, K. Anbarasu, Palanivelu Jeyanthi, G. Gulothungan, R. Nanmaran, S. Thanigaivel, T. B. Sridharan, Karunakaran Rohini Frontiers in Medicine, 2021 Semen parameters are been found as a key factor to evaluate the count and morphology in the given semen sample. The deep knowledge of male infertility will unravel with semen parameters correlated with molecular and biochemical parameters. The current research study is to identify the motility associated protein and its structure through the in-silico approach. Semen samples were collected and initial analysis including semen parameters was analyzed by using the World Health Organization protocol. Semen biochemical parameters, namely, seminal plasma protein concentration, fructose content, and glucosidase content were calculated and evaluated for correlation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) were carried out for identification of Septin-4 presence in the semen sample. Mascot search was done for protein conformation and in-silico characterization of Septin-4 by structural modeling in Iterative Threading Assembly Refinement (I-TASSER). Twenty-five nanoseconds molecular dynamics (MD) simulations results showed the stable nature of Septin-4 in the dynamic system. Overall, our results showed the presence of motility-associated protein in normospermia and control samples and not in the case of asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia. Molecular techniques characterized the presence of Septin-4 and as a novel biomarker for infertility diagnosis.
Nanosilver reinforced Parmelia sulcata extract efficiently induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferative signalling in MCF-7 cells Arumugam Dhanesh Gandhi, Prasanna A. Miraclin, Doraiah Abilash, Sivaji Sathiyaraj, Rajendran Velmurugan, Yang Zhang, Khantong Soontarapa, Priyankar Sen, T.B. Sridharan Environmental Research, 2021 The Lichen, Parmelia sulcata synthesizes various secondary metabolites, in which phenolic based compounds received much attention due to their importance in biomedical application. Especially the phenolic compound was effective against the cancer treatment. An effective administration of such plant natural product can represent a significant conventional management of cancer in terms of chemoprevention. The nanomedicines are group of agents that selectively interfere the cancer cells which leads to reduction of side effect thereby reducing the doses. Silver nanoparticles is a promising antitumor agent, however, the conventional production of silver nanoparticles have many drawbacks which led to increase in need of eco-friendly biological production methods. In this study, we made an attempt to synthesise a nano silver (Ps-AgNPs) from phenolic extract of lichen Parmelia sulcata extract. The Ps-AgNps was applied for anticancer activity using MCF-7 cells and the effect was characterised by western blotting method. The FTIR, XRD, UV and TEM results confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles in phenolic extract of lichen Parmelia sulcata. The cytotoxicity assay shows that the Ps-AgNPs is toxic against cancer cells (MCF-7) but not to normal cells (NIH3T3), which confirm the selective induction of cell death (apoptosis) against cancer cells. The western blot analysis also clearly indicates the down regulation of inflammatory genes (TNF-alpha and IL-6) and cell cycle genes (PCNA and Cyclin-D1) thus promoting intrinsic apoptotic pathway. The results suggest that Ps-AgNPs can effectively kill cancer cells and can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Cigarette smoking and its toxicological overview on human male fertility—a prospective review R. Parameswari, T. B. Sridharan Toxin Reviews, 2021 One in seven couples worldwide is affected with the reproductive disorder called infertility and 40%–50% of cases are identified as male factor contributed infertility. Our aim of this review is to elucidate the smoking impact on semen parameters, reactive oxidative species (ROS) state, cigarette toxicity marker, and in detail how it is affecting semenogelin/chromatin structure by cadmium as one of the cigarette toxicants. Smoking stimulates the ROS activity which induces sperm DNA fragmentation or damage among smokers. Also it releases cadmium that is identified as reproductive metal toxicant in humans in detail. Cadmium has possible atomic to change sperm chromatin via zinc and semenogelin.
Oxidation driven surface hydrophobicity in human seminal plasma results in protein structural changes Archana Kumar, A.S. Vickram, T.B. Sridharan Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2020 Oxidative stress induced changes in conformational properties of proteins are potential causes of functional impairment in protein system. This phenomenon becomes an important study area when the affected proteins present a role in disease aetiology. The current study was aimed at studying seminal plasma protein conformation changes under higher Reactive oxygen species levels. A total of 100 semen samples (control: n = 50 and infertile n = 50) were used after routine semen parameter analysis. Samples were analysed for their total protein content, ROS levels, total antioxidant capacity and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed under native conditions. A protein band of molecular weight less than 14 KDa was seen differentially in infertile sample presented with higher ROS levels(>72.6 μg formazan/107 sperm cells). MALDI analysis identified the protein to be Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha super family 18 (TNFα-18) ligand. Further analysis of biophysical properties of the protein showed a significant increase in surface hydrophobicity. Binding of seminal plasma TNFα-18 with ANS dye resulted in an increased fluorescence and broadening of emission curves in infertile samples. Changes in structural properties of TNFα-18ligand prevented it from forming stable oligomeric structures which are essential for effective functioning of the protein.
Oxidative Stress-induced Changes in Fertility Status of Cryopreserved Sperm: a Diagnosis Based on Sperm Chromatin Dispersion Assay Cryo Letters, 2020
Superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticle: Cytogenetic impact on onion roots and seed germination response of major crop plants Kalyani Rath, Parameswari Ranganathan, Rashmi Kanugodu Vasappa, Sridharan Thalaivarisai Balasundaram Iet Nanobiotechnology, 2020 Augmented escape of nanostructures to the ecosystem has necessitated the comprehensive study of their impact, especially on plants. In the current study, hematite nanoparticles were prepared by employing garlic extract and checked for their cytogenetic effect on onion roots and germination characteristics of five agricultural crops (Vigna radiata, Triticum aestivum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cicer arietinum and Vicia faba) in the concentration range of 20-100 mg/L. Onion roots exhibited an increased mitotic index till 60 mg/L dosage, beyond which trend decreased marginally. Percentage of aberrant chromosomes reported for 100 mg/L exposure was very low (3.358 ± 0.13%) and included common defects such as clumped/sticky metaphase, ring chromosomes, laggards, spindle abnormality, chromosome bridges etc. Moreover, comet assay, DNA laddering experiment and electron micrograph study confirmed negligible damage to onion roots. Seed germination study indicated a positive response in different agronomic traits (germination index, root length, fold change in weight and vigour index) up to 60 mg/L, beyond which either negative or neutral effect was observed. However, none of the samples showed 50% inhibition in germination index; highest being 33.33% inhibition for V. faba, compared to the control. In brief, biogenic hematite nanoparticles caused insignificant phytotoxicity and were likely assimilated as iron source at lower dosage.
Human prostasomes an extracellular vesicle – Biomarkers for male infertility and prostrate cancer: The journey from identification to current knowledge A.S. Vickram, Hari Abdul Samad, Shyma K. Latheef, Sandip Chakraborty, Kuldeep Dhama, T.B. Sridharan, Thanigaivel Sundaram, G. Gulothungan International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining attention among the cell biologists and researchers over the last two decades. Prostasomes are considered to be (Evs) secreted by prostate epithelial cells into the semen during emission or ejaculation. Prostasomes contain various proteins required for immune regulation namely, amino and dipeptidyl peptidase; endopeptidase (neutral); decay accelerating factor; angiotensin-converting enzyme. Sperm cells need a few prerequisites in order to fertilize the egg. The role of prostasomes in enhancing the male fertility was reviewed extensively throughout the manuscript. Also, prostasomes have an immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, antibacterial role in the female reproductive tract, and in some cases they can be used as immunocontraceptive agent to regulate the fertility status. This review will give insights to many active researchers in the field of prostasomal research and male infertility/fertility research. This review will open many unanswered mechanisms of prostasomes with respect to structure-function analysis, fatty acids patterns in diagnosis as well as prognosis of male infertility/fertility. More scientific reports are in need to support the mechanism of prostasomes and its role in immunomodulation. The development of prostasomes as a biomarker for the prostate cancer is still miserable with a lot of controversial results by various researchers.
Reduction of polyphenolic exudation and enhancement of hardening efficiency in pomegranate tissue culture plants Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 2020
Green synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Allium sativum extract: A comparative analysis Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 2019
Screening and optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) produced by Bacillus drentensis VIT-SSR3 isolated from industrial effluent contaminated soil Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2018
Oxidant-Antioxidant imbalance induced by influence of smoking in male fertile and infertile humans Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 2016
Formulation of herbal emulsion based anti-inflammatory cream for skin diseases International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2016
Evolving trends in cryopreservation and parameters influencing semen extender preparation - a prospective review Cryo Letters, 2016
Correlation studies on the role of phospholipids and cholesterol with morphologically normal sperm cells for diagnosis of human male infertility Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2016
Assessment of DNA binding mode, chemical nuclease activity and docking studies of novel vanadyl complexes Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2015
Effects of various semen extenders on semen parameters for the purpose of human male fertility preservation Cryo Letters, 2015
Antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of Acalypha indica and Terminalia chebula: An in-Vitro analysis Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2015
Optimization and validation of β-lactamase production by Bacillus cereus VITMUT using response surface method and artificial neural network Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2014
Effect of various biomolecules for normal functioning of human sperm for fertilization: A review International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012
Emergence of a multidrug resistant Halomonas hydrothermalis strain VITP09 producing a class a β-lactamase, isolated from Kumta coast International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012
Production and characterization of extracellular protease from halotolerant bacterium virgibacillus dokdonesis Vitp14 Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2012
Effect of nickel stress on escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae Journal of Industrial Pollution Control, 2010
Effect of chromium on microbial growth Asian Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 2008
Proteomic and functional characterization of seminal and epididymal plasma proteins associated with male fertility in cattle: A comprehensive review R Parameswari, K Kasthuri, PM Kumar, R Ganesamoorthy, ... Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics, 101840 , 2026 2026
The Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Seminal Quality in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study D Gupta, D Abilash, AD Gandhi, TB Sridharan Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 1-15 , 2026 2026
Environmental determinants of male infertility: emerging threats and technological interventions P Jagadesh, TB Sridharan Frontiers in Medicine 13, 1770866 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Identification of Heavy Metals (Cd and Pb) and Essential Amino Acids in Semen and their Impact on Male Reproductive Health D Abilash, TB Sridharan Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 1-10 , 2025 2025
The Ameliorative and Cryoprotective Activity of Senna auriculata. L Flower Extract on the Semen of Men Exposed to Air Pollution: A Prospective Study A Doraiah, ST Balasundharam International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine 16 (3), 148-155 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
A Study of the durability of sperm cell motility and deoxyribo-nucleic acid damage during cryopreservation D Abilash, TB Sridharan African Journal of Reproductive Health 29 (10), 30-39 , 2025 2025
A Study on the Role of Oxidative Stress on the Sperm Quality of Individuals Occupationally Exposed to Air Pollution D Abilash, R Parameswari, P Madhan Kumar, TB Sridharan Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 1-11 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
PERSPECTIVE: Additives to increase the quality of sperm extenders during cryopreservation: a meta-analysis review R Parameswari, TB Sridharan, PM Kumar, R Babujanarthanam, ... Cryoletters 46 (6), 355-364 , 2025 2025
Heavy metal exposure and its consequences on sperm quality: a cross-sectional perspective study TB Sridharan, D Abilash Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 1-13 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
A Simple and Rapid Biochemical Method for Measuring ROS in Infertile Semen Sample-A Technical Report P Ranganathan, TB Sridharan, KA Rao, R Babujanarthanam, ... Journal of Biological and Molecular Sciences, 40-47 , 2025 2025
Cinnamon-mediated nano emulsion and its cryogenic activity on ROS-affected human sperm—A short study P Ranganathan, TB Sridharan, R Babujanarthanam, PM Kumar, ... Toxicology Reports 13, 101714 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Impact of air pollution and heavy metal exposure on sperm quality: A clinical prospective research study D Abilash, TB Sridharan Toxicology Reports 13, 101708 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
The Effects of Cigarette Smoke-induced Biophysical ROS on Spermatozoa Heads and Telomere Shortening in Infertile Smokers: A Prospective Study TB Sridharan, K Rao, P Ranganathan International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine 14 (3), 109-116 , 2023 2023
Reduction of hexavalent chromium using sulphonated polyether ether ketone as proton exchange membrane in microbial fuel cells VS Gnanarathinam, A Balakrishnan, G Rajendran, A Arivarasu, ... Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 42 (5), e14158 , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Cinnamon mediated-zinc oxide nanoparticles and its cryogenic effect on SARS-CoV-2 recovered HTPI patients–An in vitro cum pilot study R Parameswari, R Babujanarthanam, TB Sridharan, T Yogesh, ... Materials Today: Proceedings , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
Identification and Structure Prediction of Human Septin-4 as a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Asthenozoospermic Infertile Patients—Critical Finding Toward Personalized Medicine AS Vickram, K Anbarasu, P Jeyanthi, G Gulothungan, R Nanmaran, ... Frontiers in medicine 8, 723019 , 2021 2021 Citations: 36
Nanosilver reinforced Parmelia sulcata extract efficiently induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferative signalling in MCF-7 cells AD Gandhi, PA Miraclin, D Abilash, S Sathiyaraj, R Velmurugan, Y Zhang, ... Environmental research 199, 111375 , 2021 2021 Citations: 23
Reduction of polyphenolic exudation and enhancement of hardening efficiency in pomegranate tissue culture plants. S TB Indian Journal of Biotechnology 19 (2) , 2020 2020
Superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticle: Cytogenetic impact on onion roots and seed germination response of major crop plants K Rath, P Ranganathan, RK Vasappa, ST Balasundaram IET nanobiotechnology 14 (2), 133-141 , 2020 2020 Citations: 10
Human prostasomes an extracellular vesicle–Biomarkers for male infertility and prostrate cancer: The journey from identification to current knowledge AS Vickram, HA Samad, SK Latheef, S Chakraborty, K Dhama, ... International journal of biological macromolecules 146, 946-958 , 2020 2020 Citations: 119
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Human prostasomes an extracellular vesicle–Biomarkers for male infertility and prostrate cancer: The journey from identification to current knowledge AS Vickram, HA Samad, SK Latheef, S Chakraborty, K Dhama, ... International journal of biological macromolecules 146, 946-958 , 2020 2020 Citations: 119
Validation of artificial neural network models for predicting biochemical markers associated with male infertility AS Vickram, AR Kamini, R Das, MR Pathy, R Parameswari, K Archana, ... Systems biology in reproductive medicine 62 (4), 258-265 , 2016 2016 Citations: 101
Prediction of Zn concentration in human seminal plasma of Normospermia samples by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) V AS, R Das, S MS, KA Rao, J G, S TB Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 30 (4), 453-459 , 2013 2013 Citations: 100
Influence of trace elements and their correlation with semen quality in fertile and infertile subjects V Sundaram, M Srinivas, J Gurunathan, K Rao, RP Maniyan, ... Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 43 (6), 1000-1007 , 2013 2013 Citations: 92
Production and characterization of extracellular protease from halotolerant bacterium Virgibacillus dokdonesis Vitp14 V Devi Rajeswari, G Jayaraman, M Rameshpathy, TB Sridharan Research Journal of Biotechnology 7 (2) , 2012 2012 Citations: 91
Screening, production, optimization and characterization of β-glucosidase using microbes from shellfish waste S Mahapatra, AS Vickram, TB Sridharan, R Parameswari, MR Pathy 3 Biotech 6 (2), 213 , 2016 2016 Citations: 82
Biosynthesis and statistical optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) produced by Bacillus cereus VIT-SSR1 and fabrication of biopolymer films for sustained drug release S Evangeline, TB Sridharan International journal of biological macromolecules 135, 945-958 , 2019 2019 Citations: 81
Deterioration of semen quality and sperm‐DNA integrity as influenced by cigarette smoking in fertile and infertile human male smokers—A prospective study P Ranganathan, KA Rao, S Thalaivarasai Balasundaram Journal of cellular biochemistry 120 (7), 11784-11793 , 2019 2019 Citations: 63
Tea polyphenol-T. arjuna bark as sperm antioxidant extender in infertile smokers R Parameswari, KA Rao, P Manigandan, AS Vickram, K Archana, ... Cryoletters 38 (2), 95-99 , 2017 2017 Citations: 63
Effects of various semen extenders on semen parameters for the purpose of human male fertility preservation AS Vickram, KA Rao, K Archana, G Jayaraman, V Kumar S, TB Sridharan Cryoletters 36 (3), 182-186 , 2015 2015 Citations: 63
Antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of Acalypha indica and Terminalia chebula : an in-vitro analysis. E Soruba, VS Vickram Sundaram, RP Manian, ... 2015 Citations: 60
Investigation on pH/salt-responsive multifunctional itaconic acid based polymeric biocompatible, antimicrobial and biodegradable hydrogels M Sakthivel, DS Franklin, S Sudarsan, G Chitra, TB Sridharan, ... Reactive and Functional Polymers 122, 9-21 , 2018 2018 Citations: 59
Simple isolation and characterization of seminal plasma extracellular vesicle and its total RNA in an academic lab N Eswaran, V Agaram Sundaram, KA Rao, S Thalaivarisai Balasundaram 3 Biotech 8 (3), 139 , 2018 2018 Citations: 50
Emergence of a multidrug resistant Halomonas hydrothermalis strain VITP09, producing a class-A β-lactamase, isolated from Kumta Coast M Rameshpathy, G Jayaraman, GD Rajeswari, AS Vickram, TB Sridharan Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci 4, 639-644 , 2012 2012 Citations: 50
Cadmium effects on sperm morphology and semenogelin with relates to increased ROS in infertile smokers: An in vitro and in silico approach P Ranganathan, KA Rao, JJ Sudan, S Balasundaram Reproductive biology 18 (2), 189-197 , 2018 2018 Citations: 49
Optimization of human semen extender components for cryopreservation using statistical tools R Pathy M, AS Vickram, TB Sridharan, R Parameswari, K Archana, ... CryoLetters 38 (6), 434-444 , 2017 2017 Citations: 44
Human sperm DNA damage inhibition and antioxidant activity of T. arjuna bark: an in vitro study KA Rao, K Mano, M Aruna, AS Vickram, M Rameshpathy, TB Sridharan 3 Biotech 7 (3), 1-9 , 2017 2017 Citations: 44
Formulation of nano-encapsulated poly-herbal ointment for anti-inflammation MA Megha, U Unnma, M Rameshpathy, K Karikalan, S Vickram, ... Pharm Lett 5 (2013), 164-70 , 2013 2013 Citations: 42
Analysis of seminal plasma proteins of South Indian Jersey and Hybrid Bulls and their correlation with semen quality AS Vickram, VD Rajeswari, MR Pathy, TB Sridharan Asian J. Anim. Sci 10 (1), 92-98 , 2016 2016 Citations: 41
Effect of Semen Extender on Protein Concentration in Each Fraction of Cryopreserved Human Semen AS Vickram, K Rao, RM Pathy, C Thomas, R Parameswari, TB Sridharan CryoLetters 36 (6), 405-412 , 2015 2015 Citations: 39