Therapeutic Potential of Molsidomine-Loaded Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles for the Treatment and Management of Niacin-Induced Varicose Veins: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Aaqib Javaid, Krishana Kumar Sharma, Abutwaibe KA, Anurag Verma, Shyam Lal Mudavath ACS Applied Bio Materials, 2024 Varicose vein therapy has historically relied significantly on invasive surgical procedures, which frequently resulted in poor compliance among patients. The tendency could stem from the past use of abrasive surgical procedures and a lack of documented drug-induced animal models. To address this challenge, we envisaged an innovative approach for animal model development that uses niacin-induced recurrent flushing. And to further treat the condition, we used liquid crystal nanoparticles (LCNPs) as carriers for the antiangiogenic, cardio protective, and anti-inflammatory drug molsidomine. After the successful initiation of reticular perforant varicose veins, the animals were administered and treated with molsidomine-loaded liquid crystal nanoparticles (MD-LCNPs) that were simultaneously synthesized via a straightforward homogenization method. The preparation of MD-LCNPs involved inducing the disruption of a cubic-phase gel of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) by Milli-Q water in the presence of a Tween-80. Characterization of MD-LCNPs encompassed an assessment of their physicochemical properties. Microscopic studies revealed monodispersity with an average size of 195 ± 55.94 nm. In vitro evaluations demonstrated commendable antioxidant potential, excellent swelling behavior, and sustained release behavior of MD-LCNPs. Furthermore, MD-LCNPs exhibited nontoxicity toward cells, with minimal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or nitric oxide (NO). Histopathological and hematological analysis indicated the efficacy of MD-LCNPs in ameliorating niacin-induced varicose veins, the absence of detrimental and toxic effects on blood cells and visceral organs, and safety for intravenous administration. Following the administration of nanoparticles, the formulation demonstrated appropriate levels of prostaglandins (PGDs), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This substantiates the formulation’s suitability for the treatment and management of varicose veins. In conclusion, our work shows an efficient method that induces varicose veins in rodents, and also a promising nanocarrier-based drug delivery approach using MD-LCNPs for effective and safe varicose vein therapy.
Innovative Approaches and Future Directions in the Management and Understanding of Varicose Veins: A Systematic Review Aaqib Javaid, Abutwaibe KA, Sherilraj PM, Kanika Arora, Shyam Lal Mudavath ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science, 2024 Varicose veins, a prevalent condition that primarily affects the lower limbs, present significant hurdles in diagnosis and treatment due to their diverse causes. This study dives into the complex hormonal, environmental, and molecular elements that influence varicose vein genesis, emphasizing the need for precise diagnostic methods and changing therapy approaches to improve patient outcomes. It investigates the epidemiology and demographic distribution of varicose veins, delves into their pathophysiology, and assesses diagnostic methods such as duplex ultrasonography and the CEAP classification system. In addition, the study discusses novel therapies such as sclerotherapy and endovenous thermal ablation, as well as the effectiveness of existing diagnostic methods in detecting chronic venous illnesses. By investigating venous wall remodeling and inflammatory pathways, it gives a thorough knowledge of varicose vein formation. The study calls for future research that focuses on patient-centered methods, bioengineering advances, digital health applications, and genetic and molecular studies to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of vascular therapy. As a result, a multidisciplinary literature analysis was done, drawing on insights from vascular medicine, epidemiology, genetics, and pharmacology, to consolidate existing knowledge and identify possibilities to enhance varicose vein diagnosis, treatment, and patient care outcomes.
Niacin-Loaded Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles Ameliorate Prostaglandin D2-Mediated Niacin-Induced Flushing and Hepatotoxicity Aaqib Javaid, Abutwaibe K A, Krishana Kumar Sharma, Sherilraj P M, Anurag Verma, Shyam Lal Mudavath ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2024 Niacin plays a significant role in the therapy and management of mixed dyslipidemia. Nevertheless, its administration in raw form is contraindicated due to potential adverse effects including hepatotoxicity and cutaneous flushing. Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) plays a crucial role in the signaling cascade of niacin-induced flushing. To address the potential adverse reactions linked to niacin therapy, we developed a niacin-loaded lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticle (NLCS) crafted explicitly for the oral administration of niacin. NLCSs were produced by disrupting the cubic gel of glyceryl monostearate (GMS). The nanoparticles demonstrated notable drug-loading capabilities with a size of approximately 255 ± 31.6 nm. Furthermore, NLCS displayed sustained release behavior, indicating their potential for controlled and prolonged drug delivery. Efficient encapsulation and minimal interaction between niacin and other excipients were evidenced through Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction studies, establishing their high stability. In vitro studies suggested that the nanoparticles had good antioxidant activity, swelling behavior, and biocompatibility. Additionally, compared to raw niacin, NLCS showed a higher in vivo therapeutic efficacy, less hepatotoxicity, a more refined lipid profile, and an improved complete blood count (CBC) profile. In addition, it was shown that animals treated with NLCS had lower PGD2 levels than those treated with raw niacin. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of NLCS as a promising strategy to alleviate the side effects linked to the direct ingestion of pure niacin. These nanoparticles offer a solution to flushing-like symptoms and hepatotoxicity, positioning them as a viable therapeutic option for managing dyslipidemia.
Antimicrobial peptide conjugated nanoaggregates for tackling biofilm progression and the microbial population A Javaid, SL Mudavath Nanotherapeutics Combating Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance … , 2026 2026
Microbial secondary metabolites A Javaid, SL Mudavath Secondary Metabolites in Stress and Disease Management, 27-52 , 2026 2026
Overcoming drug delivery challenges with lipid-based nanofibers for enhanced wound repair A Javaid, KK Sharma, P Varshney, A Verma, SL Mudavath Biomaterials Science 13 (8), 1960-1974 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Ultradeformable nanoparticles for active targeting of microbial infections: a photothermal approach A Javaid, KA Abutwaibe, SL Mudavath Nanophototherapy, 613-631 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Navigating Infectious Challenges: The Nanomedicine Era PM Sherilraj, K Arora, KA Abutwaibe, A Javaid, SL Mudavath Nanomedicine: Innovations, Applications, and Breakthroughs in the Quest for … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Niacin-induced flushing: Mechanism, pathophysiology, and future perspectives A Javaid, SL Mudavath Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 761, 110163 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Therapeutic Potential of Molsidomine-Loaded Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles for the Treatment and Management of Niacin-Induced Varicose Veins: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies A Javaid, KK Sharma, A Ka, A Verma, SL Mudavath ACS Applied Bio Materials 7 (11), 7306-7323 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Innovative approaches and future directions in the management and understanding of varicose veins: a systematic review A Javaid, A Ka, S Pm, K Arora, SL Mudavath ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science 7 (10), 2971-2986 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
Transdermal delivery of niacin through polysaccharide films ameliorates cutaneous flushing in experimental wistar rats A Javaid, A Singh, KK Sharma, KA Abutwaibe, K Arora, A Verma, ... AAPS PharmSciTech 25 (5), 101 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Carboxymethyl Tamarind seed polysaccharide nanoparticles as a potent mucomimetic and biocompatible oral nanocarrier A Javaid, A Singh, S Parvez, M Negi, SL Mudavath Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 682, 132889 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Niacin-loaded liquid crystal nanoparticles ameliorate prostaglandin D2-mediated niacin-induced flushing and hepatotoxicity A Javaid, A KA, KK Sharma, S PM, A Verma, SL Mudavath ACS Applied Nano Materials 7 (1), 444-454 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Nanoparticles derived from plants and their various applications A Javaid, SL Mudavath Comprehensive analytical chemistry 107, 27-48 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Promising functional supramolecules in antiviral drugs K Arora, A Singh, A Javaid, SL Mudavath Pharmaceutical Applications of Supramolecules, 135-155 , 2023 2023 Citations: 4
Ameliorative Effect of Niacin-Loaded Carboxymethyl-Tamarind Polysaccharide Transdermal Patches on Cutaneous Flushing A Javaid, A Singh, KK Sharma, A Verma, SL Mudavath Available at SSRN 4446916 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Hijacking the intrinsic vitamin B 12 pathway for the oral delivery of nanoparticles, resulting in enhanced in vivo anti-leishmanial activity A Singh, G Yadagiri, A Javaid, KK Sharma, A Verma, OP Singh, S Sundar, ... Biomaterials science 10 (19), 5669-5688 , 2022 2022 Citations: 14
Coalition of biological agent (melatonin) with chemotherapeutic agent (amphotericin B) for combating visceral leishmaniasis via oral administration of modified solid lipid … S Parvez, G Yadagiri, K Arora, A Javaid, AK Kushwaha, OP Singh, ... ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 9 (6), 2902-2910 , 2021 2021 Citations: 29
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Coalition of biological agent (melatonin) with chemotherapeutic agent (amphotericin B) for combating visceral leishmaniasis via oral administration of modified solid lipid … S Parvez, G Yadagiri, K Arora, A Javaid, AK Kushwaha, OP Singh, ... ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 9 (6), 2902-2910 , 2021 2021 Citations: 29
Niacin-induced flushing: Mechanism, pathophysiology, and future perspectives A Javaid, SL Mudavath Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 761, 110163 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Hijacking the intrinsic vitamin B 12 pathway for the oral delivery of nanoparticles, resulting in enhanced in vivo anti-leishmanial activity A Singh, G Yadagiri, A Javaid, KK Sharma, A Verma, OP Singh, S Sundar, ... Biomaterials science 10 (19), 5669-5688 , 2022 2022 Citations: 14
Innovative approaches and future directions in the management and understanding of varicose veins: a systematic review A Javaid, A Ka, S Pm, K Arora, SL Mudavath ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science 7 (10), 2971-2986 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
Transdermal delivery of niacin through polysaccharide films ameliorates cutaneous flushing in experimental wistar rats A Javaid, A Singh, KK Sharma, KA Abutwaibe, K Arora, A Verma, ... AAPS PharmSciTech 25 (5), 101 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Carboxymethyl Tamarind seed polysaccharide nanoparticles as a potent mucomimetic and biocompatible oral nanocarrier A Javaid, A Singh, S Parvez, M Negi, SL Mudavath Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 682, 132889 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Niacin-loaded liquid crystal nanoparticles ameliorate prostaglandin D2-mediated niacin-induced flushing and hepatotoxicity A Javaid, A KA, KK Sharma, S PM, A Verma, SL Mudavath ACS Applied Nano Materials 7 (1), 444-454 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Overcoming drug delivery challenges with lipid-based nanofibers for enhanced wound repair A Javaid, KK Sharma, P Varshney, A Verma, SL Mudavath Biomaterials Science 13 (8), 1960-1974 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Nanoparticles derived from plants and their various applications A Javaid, SL Mudavath Comprehensive analytical chemistry 107, 27-48 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Promising functional supramolecules in antiviral drugs K Arora, A Singh, A Javaid, SL Mudavath Pharmaceutical Applications of Supramolecules, 135-155 , 2023 2023 Citations: 4
Ultradeformable nanoparticles for active targeting of microbial infections: a photothermal approach A Javaid, KA Abutwaibe, SL Mudavath Nanophototherapy, 613-631 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Navigating Infectious Challenges: The Nanomedicine Era PM Sherilraj, K Arora, KA Abutwaibe, A Javaid, SL Mudavath Nanomedicine: Innovations, Applications, and Breakthroughs in the Quest for … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Therapeutic Potential of Molsidomine-Loaded Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles for the Treatment and Management of Niacin-Induced Varicose Veins: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies A Javaid, KK Sharma, A Ka, A Verma, SL Mudavath ACS Applied Bio Materials 7 (11), 7306-7323 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Ameliorative Effect of Niacin-Loaded Carboxymethyl-Tamarind Polysaccharide Transdermal Patches on Cutaneous Flushing A Javaid, A Singh, KK Sharma, A Verma, SL Mudavath Available at SSRN 4446916 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Antimicrobial peptide conjugated nanoaggregates for tackling biofilm progression and the microbial population A Javaid, SL Mudavath Nanotherapeutics Combating Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance … , 2026 2026
Microbial secondary metabolites A Javaid, SL Mudavath Secondary Metabolites in Stress and Disease Management, 27-52 , 2026 2026