Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
@uok.ac.ir
physical education and sport sciences
University of Kurdistan
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Pakhshan Rahimpour, Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, M. Moloudi and S. Ghaeeni
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of different physical training on the mechanism of ceramide-dependent insulin resistance in the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 7 healthy as a healthy control (HC) group, and 21 diabetics (55 mg/ kg Streptozotocin) Wistar rats (200-220 g; 8-10 weeks old) divided into the diabetic control (DC), moderate continuous training (MCT), and moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) groups. Both MCT (55-70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and MIIT (85% VO2max) groups trained for 10-25 minutes at a speed of 10-20 m/minutes. The changes in the expression of blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profile and total ceramide were measured as well as ceramide synthase-1, Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), Protein kinase B known as Akt, phosphorylated protein kinase B known as pAkt, protein kinase C (PKC), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα). Results: Blood glucose, triglyceride (TG) and ceramide synthase-1 (CS1) expression levels in the MCT group decreased in comparison with the DC group. FHL protein expression of GLUT4 in the MCT group was higher than the DC group. FHL expression of GLUT4, pAKT, AKT/pAKT, PKC, CS1 and total ceramide in the MIIT group were higher than the DC group. Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), TG, and TNF-α protein expression in the MIIT group were lower than the DC group. GLUT4, PKC, pAKT, AKT/pAKT in the MIIT group were higher, and total ceramide and TNF-α were lower in the MIIT group than the MCT group. Conclusion: It seems that both training plan MIIT and MCT have favorable effects on the metabolism of glucose, insulin, lipids, and the decrease of TNFα level in the diabetes, but in connection with the improvement of the ceramides mechanism, it seems that the MIIT training plan is more optimal than MCT training plan.
Ehsan Amiri and Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
Frontiers Media SA
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training (RT) with creatine monohydrate supplementation (CS) on serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in older adults.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of resistance training with creatine monohydrate supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, muscle strength and quality of life in older adults.MethodsWe examined 45 non-athlete volunteer older men and women (mean, 68.1 ± 7.2 years old), were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15: RT with creatine supplementation (RT + CS), RT with placebo (RT + P) and control group. RT protocol was performed for 10 weeks, three sessions per week. Creatine supplement was taken daily at a dose of 0.1 g/kg of body weight, while the placebo group consumed the same amount of starch. Fasting blood samples were taken before the start of program and at the end of the RT period.ResultsIn the training groups, after 10 weeks of RT, a significant decrease in MDA and 8 - OHDG as well as a significant increase in serum levels of GPX and TAC were observed (in all cases, p = 0.001). In addition, creatinine levels were enhanced in the RT + CS (p = 0.014). Training intervention also improved quality of life and muscle strength in the experimental groups (p = 0.001), although muscle strength changes were more visible in the RT + CS group than in the RT + P group (p < 0/05).ConclusionRegular resistance training can be recommended as a very suitable non-pharmacological approach to strengthen the body’s antioxidant system, muscle strength and quality of life in older adults. There are no definite findings on the role of creatine on the antioxidant system and quality of life in older adults, but the use of this supplement in addition to RT can double the amount of strength gained from resistance training.
Naser Rostamzadeh and Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The aim of this study was to determine the responses of appetite regulating hormones and body composition to different periods of resistance training (RT) and subsequent detraining in men with obesity. Thirty obese males were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 individuals which included the RT group (3 sessions per week, 4 sets of 8 repetitions with 80% of 1RM) and control group. Measurements were performed in five steps and each time after 10 h overnight fasting: before the start of the training program, after the 8, 16, and 24 weeks of RT, and finally after 2 weeks detraining. Between groups comparisons showed plasma concentrations of acylated ghrelin and insulin hormones, as well as body weight, BMI, WHR, and body fat percentage were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group after 2, 4, and 6 months of RT (in all cases, p ≤ 0.05). However, after 4 and 6 months of RT, the levels of peptide YY was higher in the training group in comparison to the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Within group changes indicated acylated ghrelin reduced (mean difference, −9.27 pg/dl; P = 0.001), while PYY increased (mean difference, 2.66 pg/dl; P = 0.001) after 6 months of RT compared to the pre-test. By increasing the duration of training, changes in the variables were more perceptible. After detraining, most of the changes were reversed. Performing RT by regulating appetite-related hormones can lead to weight loss and improvement of BMI in men with obesity.
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani and Naser Rostamzadeh
Frontiers Media SA
Exercise and diet are important factors for energy balance and appetite regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and vitamin D3 supplementation in sedentary overweight men. Forty-eight participants were randomly assigned to one of the following four groups (n = 12): HIIT + VitD, HIIT + placebo (3 sessions per week, 10 × 1 min interval cycling at 90–100% VO2peak separated by 1 min active recovery at 15% VO2peakfor 8 weeks), Vit D and control groups. Participants received 2,000 IU/day 25 (OH) D3 or placebo. Measurements were taken pre and post training after 10 h overnight fasting. Insulin, weight, BMI and body fat percentage were significantly decreased, but PYY was significantly increased in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) after 8 weeks of HIIT. Insulin (p = 0.009, p = 0.001), weight, BMI and body fat percentage (p = 0.001, p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups compared to the Vit D and control groups. However, PYY was significantly higher in the HIIT + Vit D group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.025) and control groups (p = 0.007) and also in the HIIT + placebo group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.037) and control groups (p = 0.032) after 8 weeks of HIIT. The combination of regular HIIT with vitamin D supplementation has a effect on appetite control and body composition.
Shiva Abdi, Vahid Tadibi, and Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
Kowsar Medical Institute
Background: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a noninvasive approach to examine endothelial function. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on FMD and circulating levels of adropin and nitric oxide (NO) in females with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Thirty females with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned into two equal groups of HIIT and control. The exercise program consisted of three sessions a week for 12 weeks. Each training session included 4 × 4-minute running intervals at 85 - 95% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) with 3-minute active recoveries at 50 - 60% of HRmax. Circulating levels of adropin, NO, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, as well as lipid profile, and body composition parameters were measured before and after the intervention. Results: A significant increase of FMD% was observed after the intervention in the HIIT group (P = 0.001). In addition, the circulation levels of adropin and NO enhanced as a result of HIIT (P = 0.012 and P < 0.001, respectively). There were also significant positive effects on the levels of lipid profile (except for HDL), FBS, and HbA1c; as well as on the insulin resistance and the body composition variables. There were no significant changes in the control group except an increase in the total cholesterol levels (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results showed that 12 weeks of the HIIT program could improve the endothelial function, glucose-related indices, lipid profile, and body composition variables in females with type 2 diabetes.
Hersh Nouri, Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, and Mohammad Raman Moloudi
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The unfolded protein response (UPR) plays a pivotal role in some exercise training-induced physiological adaptation. Our aim was to evaluate the changes in the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) arm of the UPR and hypertrophy signaling pathway following 8 weeks of resistance training and creatine (Cr) supplementation in rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8: untrained + placebo (UN+P), resistance training + placebo (RT+P), untrained + Cr (UN+Cr), and resistance training + Cr (RT+Cr). Trained animals were submitted to the ladder-climbing exercise training 5 days per week for a total of 8 weeks. Cr supplementation groups received creatine diluted with 1.5 ml of 5% dextrose orally. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle was extracted 48 h after the last training session and used for western blotting. After training period, the RT+Cr and RT+P groups presented a significant increase in phosphorylated and phosphorylated/total ratio hypertrophy indices, phosphorylated and phosphorylated/total ratio PERK pathway proteins, and other downstream proteins of the PERK cascade compared with their untrained counterparts (P < 0.05). The increase in hypertrophy indices were higher but PERK pathway proteins were lower in the RT-Cr group than in the RT+P group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the untrained groups (P > 0.05). Our study suggests that resistance training in addition to Cr supplementation modifies PERK pathway response and improves skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
Ali Jafari, Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, Farnoosh Khosrobakhsh, and Neda Khaledi
Frontiers Media SA
Both regular exercise training and vitamin D consumption are beneficial for patients with cancer. The study investigated the effects of interval exercise training (IET) or/and vitamin D supplementation on the gene expression involved in mitochondrial function of heart tissue, tumor size, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in breast cancer (BC) model mice. We assigned random 40 female NMRI mice to five equal groups (n = 8); the healthy control group (H.C), cancer control group (Ca.C), cancer with the vitamin D group (Ca.VD), cancer exercise group (Ca.Ex), and cancer exercise along with the vitamin D group (Ca.Ex.VD). Forty-eight hours after treatment, we anesthetized the animals and performed the isolation of heart tissue and blood serum for further studies. The results showed that the lowest mean body weight at the end of the treatments was related to Ca.C (p = 0.001). Vitamin D treatment alone has increased tumor volume growth by approximately 23%; in contrast, co-treatment with exercise and vitamin D inhibited tumor growth in mice (P = 0.001), compared with the cancer control (12%). TAC levels were higher in the group that received both vitamin D and exercise training (Ca.Ex.VD) than in the other treatment groups (Ca.VD and Ca.Ex) (p = 0.001). In cardiac tissue, vitamin D treatment induces an elevation significantly of the mRNA expression of Pgc1−α, Mfn-1, and Drp-1 genes (p = 0.001). The study has shown the overexpression of vitamin D in female mice, and synergistic effects of IET with vitamin D on weight loss controlling, antitumorigenesis, improvement of antioxidant defense, and the modulation of gene expression. The synergistic responses were likely by increasing mitochondrial fusion and TAC to control oxidative stress. We recommended being conducted further studies on mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis focusing on risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with BC.
Akbar Ahmadi, Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, Saeed Ghaeeni, and Maryam Baazm
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The research literature suggests that different training modalities cause various patterns in training-induced genes expression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and isocaloric high intensity interval training (HIIT) on gene expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and 4 (MCT4), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) skeletal muscles of rats. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups of control, MICT, and HIIT. Training protocols were performed according to the principle of overload for 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Then, the soleus and EDL muscles were extracted and the expression levels were analyzed using the real time PCR method. In the MICT group, only the EDL HIF-1α mRNA level was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). In the HIIT group, however, mRNA levels of MCT4, PGC-1α, and HIF-1α in both muscles were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The comparison between the two training methods demonstrated that the gene expression levels of soleus and EDL MCT4, soleus PGC-1α, and soleus HIF-1α were significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (p < 0.05). There were also significant positive correlations between all mRNA levels of HIF-1α and corresponding mRNA levels of MCT4 (p < 0.05). HIIT caused greater positive responses in the gene expression of MCT4, PGC-1α, and HIF-1α compared to MICT.
Shahla Alikhani and Dariush Sheikholeslami‐Vatani
Wiley
The aging process is associated with increased production of free radicals, but regular exercise training might create a balance between oxidative stress and the anti‐oxidant system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) on the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α, malondialdehyde, total anti‐oxidant capacity and nuclear factor‐κB in young and older adult women.
SABER SAEDMOCHESHI, MARZIYEH SAGHEBJOO, ZAKARIA VAHABZADEH, and DARIUSH SHEIKHOLESLAMI-VATANI
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
INTRODUCTION
Aerobic training and green tea extract can be used to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of eight-week aerobic exercise training and administration of green tea extract on the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and p53 tumor suppressor protein (p53) in prostate of rats which were stimulated by N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) to induce the prostate cancer.
METHODS
60 adult male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups including healthy control (HCt), cancer control (CCt), cancer training (CTr: 45 min/day at low-moderate intensity, 5 times/week, 8 weeks), cancer extract (CEx: 1.34 ml of green tea extract, 3 times/week, 8 weeks), cancer training+ cancer extract (CTr+CEx) and sham groups. Rats were sacrificed 48 hours after the last intervention session, and the prostate tissue was isolated to measure the levels of NF-kB, COX-2, and p53.
RESULTS
The NF- kB level in CCt group was increased significantly compared to the HCt (P=0.02). In the CTr group, NF-kB level was decreased significantly compared to the CCt and CEx groups (P=0.001 and 0.05, respectively). In addition, the levels of P53 protein were reduced in CTr, CEx and CTr+CEx groups compared to CCt group (P=0.001, 0.02 and 0.004, respectively). No significant changes were found in the level of COX-2 between groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that a long-term exercise training combined with the intake of green tea extract may reduce levels of NF-kB and p53 in rats with prostate cancer. Given the importance of recognizing complementary therapies in this regard, future studies are warranted.
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, Slahadin Ahmadi, and Hassan Faraji
Human Kinetics
The potential benefits of omega-3 fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) supplements on exercise-induced apoptosis are not clear. In a crossover randomized study, 11 men (age = 62.8 ± 2.2 years) performed an acute bout of resistance exercise and underwent 1-week supplementation with either 20 g of BCAA or 2,700 mg of omega-3/day. Subjects performed the same exercise after supplementation protocols. Following a 3-week washout period, subjects switched groups. Circulating levels of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2, and nuclear factor-kappa B were measured before and immediately after exercise sessions. sFasL, cytochrome c, and Bax increased after exercise. Simple main effect of time on sFasl was significant in control trial but not in omega-3 and BCAA trials. There were no differences in nuclear factor-kappa B and Bcl-2 between control and supplement trials. This study showed that adding omega-3 fatty acids or BCAA to the dietary regime of old men could partially attenuate resistance exercise-induced apoptosis.
Ebrahim Shakiba, Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, Naser Rostamzadeh, and Hosein Karim
Canadian Science Publishing
Exercise-induced weight loss can occur for several reasons, including changes in circulatory levels of appetite-regulating hormones. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of various training programs on fasting serum levels of acylated ghrelin, peptide YY 3-36 (PYY3-36) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as well as weight and body mass index (BMI) changes. Forty-four overweight men were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 11 individuals, which included (i) endurance group (3 sets of 10 min with 80%–90% of maximum heart rate), (ii) resistance group (4 sets of 8 repetitions with 80% of 1-repetition maximum), (iii) concurrent group (combination of programs of endurance and resistance groups in an alternate manner), and (iv) control group. Training protocols were conducted for 12 weeks for 3 sessions per week. Results showed that all 3 types of training programs resulted in weight loss (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, and p = 0.036 for resistance, concurrent, and endurance groups, respectively), BMI reduction (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, and p = 0.034), decreased serum acylated ghrelin (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, and p = 0.004), and increased PYY hormone levels (p = 0.028, p = 0.035, and p = 0.036). However, the effect of resistance training on these changes was more pronounced. Moreover, none of the exercise programs had any effect on serum levels of GLP-1. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between weight (p = 0.003) and BMI (p = 0.009) changes with ghrelin while a negative correlation was observed between weight (p = 0.003) and BMI (p = 0.03) changes with PYY. The findings suggest that regular exercise training, in particular resistance training, is likely to reduce body weight and improve body composition of overweight inactive people by suppressing orexigenic hormones and stimulating the anorexigenic hormones.
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani and Hassan Faraji
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Objective Strenuous exercise can induce apoptosis in a variety of tissues. We investigated the effects of creatine loading on apoptosis markers after downhill running. Design Twenty-two middle-aged men were randomly assigned to either a creatine or a placebo group. Crossover design, double-blind controlled supplementation was performed using 20 g/d−1 of creatine or maltodextrin for 7 days. Downhill running (12% incline) at 70% of heart rate maximum for 40 mins was performed on the eighth day. Blood samples were taken on the day before supplementation, after supplementation and after running. Results There were no significant changes in the caspase-3, caspase-9, p53, Bax, and IGF-1 concentrations from presupplementation to postsupplementation in both groups of creatine and placebo (P > 0.05). There were significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum caspase-3, caspase-9, p53, and Bax after running in the placebo group. These markers were not noticeably changed in the creatine group (P > 0.05). Bcl-2 was unchanged in the placebo group but substantially increased (P < 0.05) in the creatine group. No significant changes were observed in IGF-1 concentration after running comparing to prerunning in both groups (P > 0.05). Lactate levels increased similarly in both groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions The findings indicate that creatine supplementation could prevent exercise-induced apoptotic markers.
D. Sheikholeslami-Vatani, S. Ahmadi, B. Chehri, and V. Tadibi
Elsevier BV
Summary Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of changing concentric-eccentric contraction time ratio in a single session of resistance exercise on hormonal response in trained men. Methods In a double-blind cross section study design, ten young men (mean age: 26.3 ± 1.2 years, mean weight: 81.2 ± 4.25 kg, and mean height: 178 ± 6 cm) were selected and completed 4 resistance exercise sessions with 3 days’ between sessions interval. Protocols included, 1 second concentric and 1 second eccentric contraction; 3 second concentric and 3 second eccentric contraction; 4 second concentric and 2 seconds eccentric contraction; 2 seconds concentric and 4 seconds eccentric contraction. In each session subjects performed one of the four protocols. The exercise protocol was consisted of leg extension, bench press, hamstring curls and lat pull-down with three sets of eight repetitions and intensity of 0.65 of one repetition maximum. Rest times for sets and exercises were 1 and 2 minutes respectively. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after exercise. Results Increases in lactate were observed after all protocols. Serum levels of testosterone and growth hormone increased significantly in all, but 1 second concentric and 1 second eccentric contraction protocol, while level of serum cortisol did not change significantly in none of the protocols. Conclusions The result of this study showed that in a single session of RE, changes in concentric-eccentric contraction time ratio had no effect on hormonal response, however slower contractions produced greater hormonal response compare to normal protocol.
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani and Slahadin Ahmadi
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oral branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation before resistance exercise on plasma levels of amino acids, cortisol, insulin, and serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. Ten active female students in a double-blind crossover design randomly were assigned to a BCAA supplement or a placebo group. Both groups performed 5 sets of 12 to 15 repetitions at 50% of the 1-repetition maximum. Plasma leucine and isoleucine levels were increased whereas glutamine and phenylalanine were decreased at the end of exercise in the S group. BCAA supplementation did not affect plasma insulin, cortisol, serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels. These results suggest that in resistance exercise, BCAAs may support an insulin-independent anabolic state, but it cannot prevent muscle damage.
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani, Slahadin Ahmadi, and Rashad Salavati
Kowsar Medical Institute
Background: Exercise order affects repetition performance and acute hormonal responses to resistance training (RT) programs. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of two different resistance exercise orders (REO) on number of repetitions and serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), testosterone and cortisol levels in normal-weight and obese men. Materials and Methods: 25 untrained college-aged men were assigned to either obese (n = 11) or normal-weight (n = 15) groups. Subjects performed two REO protocols in 2 exercise groups. In the first group subjects began with large-muscle group and progressed to small-muscle group (Protocol A), while in the other group subjects performed the same exercise but in reverse sequence (Protocol B). Each activity was performed in 3 consecutive sets of 10 repetitions maximum to near fatigue. Results: REOs did not affect number of repetitions in none of the groups. The average rating of perceived exertion was higher for protocol B in both groups. IGF-1 and testosterone increased immediately post exercise for both protocols and in both groups, however immediately post exercise increase in IGF-1 and testosterone were lower in obese group. Cortisol response to REO was weaker in obese group. Conclusions: Performing large muscle group exercises first in RE training and progressing to small muscle group produced greater anabolic hormonal response relative to reverse sequence in normal-weight young adult men. Anabolic hormonal response to REOs was blunted in the obese group.
D. Sheikholeslami-Vatani, M. Siahkouhian, M. Hakimi, and M. Ali-Mohammadi
Elsevier BV
Summary Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intrasession sequencing of concurrent resistance and endurance training on the serum leptin, testosterone, cortisol responses and body composition in obese men. Patients and methods Thirty obese young men students (age = 23.2 ± 1.4 year, BMI = 31.8 ± 1.6 kg/m 2 ) were randomly divided into three groups: concurrent resistance-endurance (CRE, n = 10) group, concurrent endurance-resistance (CER, n = 10) group and control (C, n = 10) group (no training program). Concurrent training groups (CER and CRE) were conducted three times a week on alternate days for 8 weeks, which consisted of running with 70–75% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) for 10 minutes which gradually increased to 80% HRmax for 21.5 minutes and the resistance training consisted of 3 sets of 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in 5 resistance exercises (leg extensions, lying leg curl, triceps pushdown, bench press and lateral pull down). Five minutes recovery duration was set between resistance and endurance phases. To measure hormonal and body composition changes, blood sampling was conducted 48 hours before the start of the course and again 48 hours after the last training session. Results Results using ANOVA with repeated measurement showed that there were no significant differences within groups and between groups for testosterone hormone. Serum levels of cortisol in both experimental groups were significantly increases after 8 weeks of concurrent training. While, there were significantly decreases in leptin and testosterone/cortisol ratio after 8 weeks training intervention in both experimental groups. Also, in the CRE and CER groups, a significant decrease observed in the body mass, body fat and body mass index. In addition, the control group did not change significantly in the posttest in none of the variables. Comparison between groups showed similarly that the CRE group compared with the control group, have a significant positive changes in all hormonal and body composition variables, however, no significant difference was observed between the CRE and CER groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that concurrent resistance and endurance training aimed at weight loss by reducing body fat in obese subjects can be a good strategy, although the both CRE and CER order were effective in positive transformation of serum leptin, testosterone, cortisol concentration and body composition. However, concurrent resistance-endurance (CRE) training may have better efficacy.
Dariush Sheikholeslami Vatani and Farhad Ahmadi Kani Golzar
Elsevier BV
Abstract The study’s purpose was to examine the effects of whey protein supplementation and resistance training on antioxidant status and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight young men. Thirty healthy male subjects (age, 23.4 ± 3.6 years; body mass index, 25–30 kg/m 2 ) were randomly divided into three groups of 10 persons including; Experimental group 1: resistance training + whey supplement (RW); Experimental group 2: resistance training + placebo (RP), and Control group (C). Subjects in intervention groups underwent 3 resistance training sessions per week, each session with 60–70% 1RM, for 6 weeks. No significant changes in fibrinogen level, fasting blood glucose, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures, waist to hip ratio (WHR), and body mass index were observed in any of the groups. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cholesterol and HDL varied significantly in the RW group compared with the pre-test. We found significant changes in both RW and RP groups for glutathione, vitamin C, LDL, and triglyceride levels. In addition, in the post-test, TAC, glutathione, and HDL levels were higher in the RW in comparison to C group. Research findings showed that although exercise can lead to antioxidant system improvement and reduce some cardiovascular risk factors among overweight subjects, the combination of resistance training and whey consumption is more effective.
D. Sheikholeslami Vatani, H. Faraji, R. Soori, and M. Mogharnasi
Elsevier BV
Summary Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of short-term creatine supplementation on sprint swimming performance (50 and 100 m) and hormonal responses (growth hormone, testosterone and cortisol). Methods Twenty amateur male swimmers ingested creatine monohydrate (CR) or a matched placebo (PL) for 6 days. All subjects performed 6 days, swimming exercise. The subjects were tested for performance and hormonal responses the day before and after this creatine loading. Results The mean swimming time of CR group in 50 m was significantly decreased (Before-period: 53.1 ± 3.73 s, after-period: 50.7 ± 2.84 s). Growth hormone and cortisol were not affected by this creatine loading. But, testosterone concentration was significantly greater in CR compared to PL after supplementation period ( P Conclusions Our data suggest that short-term creatine supplementation has improved 50 m sprint performance in amateur swimmer and it seems unlikely creatine loading is hormonally mediated.