INTEC (UNL-CONICET) Institute of Technological Development for the Chemical Industry (National Council for Scientific and Technical Research - Universidad Nacional del Litoral)
Ecotoxicological Impact of Agro-Industry on Streams From a South American Basin: Amphibian Tadpoles as Indicators of Environmental Health Ana P. Cuzziol Boccioni, Rafael C. Lajmanovich, María Rosa Repetti, Andrés M. Attademo, Cristina Susana Zalazar, et al. Water Environment Research, 2025 This study aimed to evaluate complex contamination due to anthropic activities related to urban, industrial and agricultural activities in four streams of Entre Ríos‐Argentina (Las Conchas, LC; Espinillo, ES; Crespo, CR; Las Tunas, LT), being the first one the main water sources of subtropical riparian conservation reserve “Parque Escolar Rural Enrique Berduc” (PEREB). Physicochemical and bacteriological parameters and pesticide residues were studied on sediment and water samples. Toxicity bioassays on Rhinella arenarum tadpoles were performed to analyze ecotoxicological effects. Sediment from LC stream had the highest glyphosate concentration recorded in South American (5002 μg/kg). Bioassays showed lethality (100%) in undiluted CR and LT treatments. Sublethal effects included thyrotoxicosis, neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity on treated ES, CR, and LT tadpoles. These findings highlight the alarming environmental degradation threatening “One health,” emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and severe control by science and government to protect and ecological restore freshwater sources.Summary “Las Conchas” stream, within a natural protected area, showed the highest glyphosate concentration in sediment ever reported in South America. Several physicochemical parameters were outside the quality standards in most of the streams studied, suggesting severe pollution. Sublethal effects in tadpoles included hormonal, enzymatic, and genotoxic disruptions, along with stunted growth and delayed development. The findings emphasize the necessity for stricter agricultural management and monitoring to mitigate pollution in freshwater ecosystems.
Biodegradation of pesticide-contaminated wastewaters from a formulation plant employing a pilot scale biobed Maia Lescano, Nerina Fussoni, Eduardo Vidal, Cristina Zalazar Science of the Total Environment, 2022 In this work, a pilot biobed was built up to treat pesticide-contaminated wastewaters discharged from a formulation plant. The pre-treated wastewater was spiked with additional pesticides in order to simulate a scenario of higher contamination: glyphosate, atrazine, imidacloprid, prometryn and carbendazim were added to reach a final Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of 70 mg L-1. An Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) was filled with a biomixture of soil and foxtail millet stubble (50:50% v v-1), and 200 l of the wastewater was added to the system recycling tank. The recirculation to the IBC was established for 12 h. After that (Day 0), the recirculation was turned on during the assay only to maintain the moisture for 180 days. Biomixture and wastewater samples were taken periodically to analyse pesticides and phytotoxicity in both matrices. In addition, hydrolytic and phenoloxidase activities, total bacteria and yeast and fungi communities were determined in the biomixture. The designed pilot scale biobed allowed to treat wastewaters with high concentration of pesticides reaching a complete removal of glyphosate, AMPA, atrazine, carbendazim and prometryn at 180 days. A good degradation percentage of the recalcitrant imidacloprid was achieved (60%) and the biomixture showed enough biological activity to continue treating additional wastewater. The root elongation index from the germination test showed low toxicity on day 180 both in biomixture and wastewater. The millet stubble resulted an appropriate lignocellulosic material to be used in biobeds to treat a wide variety of pesticides. The application of the seed germination test proved to be a low cost and simple tool to determine the end point of process.