Nikhil Kumar C S

@nitc.ac.in

Assistant Professor
National Institute of Technology



                    

https://researchid.co/nikhilcsudhakaran

He carried out his research in the field of magnetic devices, Spin Torque Devices, and magnetic spintronic Devices. He worked as an assistant professor at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Chennai Campus, from 17-08-2020 to 1-08-2021. He then worked as an Institute
Postdoctoral Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Bombay, from March 2021 to March 2022. He moved to work as a a postdoctoral postdoctoral researcher in the Faculty of Physics, Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information department at Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, from Aug-Dec 2022. Currently, he is working as an assistant professor from Dec 2022 onwards in the Electronics and Communication Engineering Department at the National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India.

EDUCATION

Dr Nikhil Kumar C S received his B.Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering from the University of Calicut, Kerala, in 2007. He graduated with his Master of Science in Research in Electrical Engineering at IIT Madras in 2014 with a thesis titled Analytic Models for Magnetic Devices(Thesis Supervisor-Prof. Anil Prabhakar, IIT Madras). He graduated with his Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering at
IT Madras in 2020 with a thesis titled Magnonic Devices with Feedback Stabilization(Thesis Supervisor- Prof. Anil Prabhakar, Department of EE, IIT Madras)

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Modeling and Simulation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Sensory Systems

22

Scopus Publications

86

Scholar Citations

4

Scholar h-index

3

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Exciting High-Frequency Short-Wavelength Spin Waves using High Harmonics of a Magnonic Cavity Mode-Revision
    Nikhil Kumar, Paweł Gruszecki, Mateusz Gołębiewski, Jarosław W. Kłos, and Maciej Krawczyk
    Wiley
    AbstractSpin waves (SWs) are promising objects for signal processing and future quantum technologies due to their high microwave frequencies with corresponding nanoscale wavelengths. However, the nano‐wavelength SWs generated so far are limited to low frequencies. In the paper, using micromagnetic simulations, it is shown that a microwave‐pumped SW mode confined to the cavity of a thin film magnonic crystal (MC) can be used to generate waves at tens of GHz and wavelengths well below 50 nm. These multi‐frequency harmonics of the fundamental cavity mode are generated when the amplitude of the pumping microwave field exceeds a threshold, and their intensities then scale linearly with the field intensity. The frequency of the cavity mode is equal to the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the planar ferromagnetic film, which overlaps with the magnonic bandgap, providing an efficient mechanism for confinement and magnetic field tunability. The effect reaches saturation when the microstrip feed line covers the entire cavity, making the system feasible for realization.

  • Enhanced Electrical Modelling of Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Temperature Dependent Magnetic Parameters
    Aswin C Venu and Nikhil Kumar
    IEEE
    A magnetic tunnel junction, or an MTJ, is a spintronic device of nanoscale dimensions. It is a magneto-electric device that can hold two definite resistance states according to its magnetization states. MTJs can be used as memory elements due to their non-volatile nature. They can be fabricated into chips using VLSI techniques. The main applications of MTJs include computer memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing. This work focuses on the modelling of Spin Transfer Torque and Voltage-Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (STT-VCMA MTJs) using a SPICE-based simulation approach. The study incorporates thermal effects, such as temperature-dependent variations in key parameters like saturation magnetization, spin polarization, uniaxial anisotropy, and VCMA coefficient. Simulations reveal the impact of these temperature-dependent parameters on the switching behavior of MTJs. The results demonstrate that incorporating thermal effects is crucial for accurately capturing the dynamic behavior of MTJs, shedding light on the temperature-sensitive aspects of their operation. This work contributes to the understanding and development of robust SPICE models for STT-VCMA MTJs, facilitating their integration into larger electronic systems and supporting the exploration of novel memory technologies.

  • Magnetic Field Feedback Oscillator: A Micromagnetic Study
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland


  • Nanocontact-Driven Spin Wave Excitations in Magnonic Cavity
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland

  • Introduction
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland

  • Preface


  • Field Localization in Striped Magnonic Crystal Waveguide
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland

  • Backward Volume Spin Waves in a Rectangular Geometry
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland

  • Magnetostatic Waves in Magnonic Crystals: A PWM Approach
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Switzerland


  • Introduction
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Singapore

  • Coherent Spin-Wave Oscillations Through External Feedback
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Singapore


  • Magnonic Spectra in 2D Antidot Magnonic Crystals with Line Defect
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Singapore

  • Sustaining Spin-Wave Oscillations Through Internal Feedback
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Singapore

  • Summary and Future Work
    C. S. Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature Singapore

  • Resonant spin wave excitations in a magnonic crystal cavity
    N. Kumar and A. Prabhakar
    Elsevier BV
    Abstract Spin polarized electric current, injected into permalloy (Py) through a nano contact, exerts a torque on the magnetization. The spin waves (SWs) thus excited propagate radially outward. We propose an antidot magnonic crystal (MC) with a three-hole defect (L3) around the nano contact, designed so that the frequency of the excited SWs, lies in the band gap of the MC. L3 thus acts as a resonant SW cavity. The energy in this magnonic crystal cavity can be tapped by an adjacent MC waveguide (MCW). An analysis of the simulated micromagnetic power spectrum, at the output port of the MCW reveals stable SW oscillations. The quality factor of the device, calculated using the decay method, was estimated as Q > 105 for an injected spin current density of 7 × 10 12  A/m2.

  • Coherent microwave generation by spintronic feedback oscillator
    D. Kumar, K. Konishi, N. Kumar, S. Miwa, A. Fukushima, K. Yakushiji, S. Yuasa, H. Kubota, C. A. Tomy, A. Prabhakar,et al.

    The transfer of spin angular momentum to a nanomagnet from a spin polarized current provides an efficient means of controlling the magnetization direction in nanomagnets. A unique consequence of this spin torque is that the spontaneous oscillations of the magnetization can be induced by applying a combination of a dc bias current and a magnetic field. Here we experimentally demonstrate a different effect, which can drive a nanomagnet into spontaneous oscillations without any need of spin torque. For the demonstration of this effect, we use a nano-pillar of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) powered by a dc current and connected to a coplanar waveguide (CPW) lying above the free layer of the MTJ. Any fluctuation of the free layer magnetization is converted into oscillating voltage via the tunneling magneto-resistance effect and is fed back into the MTJ by the CPW through inductive coupling. As a result of this feedback, the magnetization of the free layer can be driven into a continual precession. The combination of MTJ and CPW behaves similar to a laser system and outputs a stable rf power with quality factor exceeding 10,000.

  • Micromagnetic and plane wave analysis of an antidot magnonic crystal with a ring defect
    G. Venkat, N. Kumar and A. Prabhakar

    We simulate spin wave (SW) dynamics in a thin film antidot magnonic crystal (MC) with a ring defect. An external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the film plane in a forward volume configuration. We initially use the plane wave method to obtain the SW band diagram for the antidot MC structure (without the defect), which gives us an idea of modes that are trapped in the crystal. We then use finite element micromagnetic simulations to study the SW propagation in the MC with the ring defect. The power spectral density of the magnetization at the top of the ring shows peaks that fall within the band gap of the MC. The SW energy in other frequency components is dissipated in the MC and do not reach the other end of the ring.

  • An iterative solution for spin-wave dispersion in a magnonic ring
    N. Kumar, G. Venkat, and A. Prabhakar
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    The dispersion relation of forward volume dipolar spin waves in a magnonic curved waveguide is investigated by solving Walker's equation in cylindrical coordinates with appropriate boundary conditions. Dispersion for exchange spin waves is then calculated using an iterative method. We validate our results by comparing the dispersion relation for higher bending radius with that of a straight waveguide. We also observe good agreement with the dispersion plots from micromagnetic simulations. For a ring, we impose periodic boundary conditions along the azimuthal direction to obtain standing wave mode patterns. The frequency-mode number characteristics of standing waves follow the dispersion relation for propagating spin waves in a curved waveguide. The maximum spin wave amplitude is not necessarily at the center of the waveguide. Exchange interactions cause the maximum to occur at a lower radius for higher mode numbers.

  • Spin wave dispersion in striped magnonic waveguide
    N. Kumar and A. Prabhakar
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    We investigate the spin wave spectra in a magnonic waveguide using the plane wave expansion method. The structure under the investigation has the form of thin strips of permalloy and cobalt, alternately arranged as a planar waveguide. The structure is assumed to be infinite in length and finite in thickness and width. Spin wave propagation is assumed along the length of the stripe, parallel to the external applied field, in a backward volume configuration. We derive both static and dynamic fields in the magnonic waveguide using the plane wave method, after reducing the linearized Landau-Lifshitz equation to an eigenfrequency problem. The eigenfrequencies corresponding to a wave vector are then numerically calculated and plotted, with the eigenmodes yielding the spatial variation in spin wave amplitudes. The demagnetizing fields, along the length and thickness, were derived from the magnetostatic potential and shows both bulk and edge mode characteristics. In a nonuniform demagnetizing field, low frequency spin waves concentrate their amplitude in a region of low internal magnetic field. These appear as standing wave excitations in the permalloy resulting in zero group velocity, or a flat band structure in the ω(k) dispersion diagram. Finally the dependence of the frequency band gap on the angle between spin wave vector and the applied field is also investigated.

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • High-frequency short-wavelength spin waves in the antidot lattice generated in a nonlinear process
    Nikhil Kumar, Paweł Gruszecki, Mateusz Gołębiewski, Jarosław W Kłos, Maciej ...
    International Conference on Magnetism, Bologna, Italy 2024

  • Enhanced Electrical Modelling of Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Temperature Dependent Magnetic Parameters
    AC Venu, N Kumar
    2024 IEEE International Magnetic Conference-Short papers (INTERMAG Short 2024

  • Exciting High‐Frequency Short‐Wavelength Spin Waves using High Harmonics of a Magnonic Cavity Mode
    N Kumar, P Gruszecki, M Gołębiewski, JW Kłos, M Krawczyk
    Advanced Quantum Technologies, 7, 2400015 2024

  • Excitation Of High-Frequency Short-Wavelength Spin Waves Via High Harmonics Of Magnonic Cavity Mode
    Nikhil Kumar, Paweł Gruszecki, Mateusz Gołębiewski, Jarosław W Kłos, Maciej ...
    First Translational Round Table on Magnonics, High-Frequency Spintronics 2024

  • Excitation of High-Frequency Short-Wavelength Spin Waves Via High Harmonics of Magnonic Cavity Mode
    MK Pawel Gruszecki, Nikhil Kumar, Mateusz Gołębiewski, Jarosław W Kłos
    First Translational Round Table on Magnonics, High-Frequency Spintronics 2024

  • Excitation of high-frequency short-wavelength spin waves
    N Kumar, P Gruszecki, M Gołębiewski, JW Kłos, M Krawczyk
    Symposium on Spintronics and Quantum Information 2024, Faculty of Physics 2024

  • Exciting high-frequency short-wavelength spin waves using high harmonics of a magnonic cavity mode
    N Kumar, P Gruszecki, M Gołębiewski, JW Kłos, M Krawczyk
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.14143 2023

  • Enhanced spin wave coupling between array of spin torque nano oscillators in magnonic crystal cavities
    N Kumar
    Physica B: Condensed Matter 645, 414248 2022

  • Magnonic Devices: Numerical Modelling and Micromagnetic Simulation Approach
    CS Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature, ISBN-978303122664-9, 59 2022

  • Array of magnonic cavities excited by spin torque nano oscillators for enhanced spin wave coupling
    N Kumar, M Krawczyk
    Workshop on "Plasmons and Vibrational Dynamics in Nanomaterials" at the 2022

  • Magnetic Resonators: Feedback with Magnetic Field and Magnetic Cavity
    CS Nikhil Kumar
    Springer Nature, ISBN: 9789811961755, 78 2022

  • Apparatus for sustaining magnetic oscillations using a magnonic crystal cavity(Patentee-Indian Institute of Technology Madras)
    CS Nikhil Kumar, V Guru, A Prabhakar
    IN Patent 201,641,008,819 2020

  • Magnonic Devices with Feedback Stabilization(Doctor of Philosophy(Ph.D.)Thesis)
    NIKHIL KUMAR C S
    Indian Institute of Technology Madras 2020

  • Phase locking, intermittency and chaos, of an array of magnon-ic crystal cavities driven by spin torque nano oscillators
    N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 1-1 2018

  • Resonant spin wave excitations in a magnonic crystal cavity
    N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 450, 46-50 2018

  • Coherent microwave generation by spintronic feedback oscillator
    D Kumar, K Konishi, N Kumar, S Miwa, A Fukushima, K Yakushiji, ...
    Scientific Reports 6 (1), 30747 2016

  • Coherent microwave emission from a nanomagnet using magnetic feedback
    D Kumar, K Konishi, N Kumar, S Miwa, A Fukushima, K Yakushiji, ...
    International Conference on Solid State Devices and Material 2016

  • Large Quality factor of oscillations in MgO - based magnetic field feedback oscillator
    D Kumar, K Konishi, SC Nikhil, S Miwa, A Fukushima, K Yakushiji, ...
    Joint MMM-Intermag Conference, San Diego, California 2016

  • Sustained spinwaves using an antidot magnonic crystal cavity
    N Kumar, G Venkat, A Prabhakar
    IEEE AIM Conference, Bornio, Italy 2016

  • Micromagnetic and Plane Wave Analysis of an Antidot Magnonic Crystal with a Ring Defect
    G Venkat, N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 50 (11), 1-4 2014

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Coherent microwave generation by spintronic feedback oscillator
    D Kumar, K Konishi, N Kumar, S Miwa, A Fukushima, K Yakushiji, ...
    Scientific Reports 6 (1), 30747 2016
    Citations: 42

  • Spin Wave Dispersion in Striped Magnonic Waveguide
    N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    IEEE transactions on magnetics 49 (3), 1024-1028 2013
    Citations: 16

  • Resonant spin wave excitations in a magnonic crystal cavity
    N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 450, 46-50 2018
    Citations: 12

  • Micromagnetic and Plane Wave Analysis of an Antidot Magnonic Crystal with a Ring Defect
    G Venkat, N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 50 (11), 1-4 2014
    Citations: 9

  • An Iterative Solution for Spin-Wave Dispersion in a Magnonic Ring
    N Kumar, G Venkat, A Prabhakar
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 50 (9), 1-6 2014
    Citations: 3

  • Enhanced spin wave coupling between array of spin torque nano oscillators in magnonic crystal cavities
    N Kumar
    Physica B: Condensed Matter 645, 414248 2022
    Citations: 2

  • Exciting High‐Frequency Short‐Wavelength Spin Waves using High Harmonics of a Magnonic Cavity Mode
    N Kumar, P Gruszecki, M Gołębiewski, JW Kłos, M Krawczyk
    Advanced Quantum Technologies, 7, 2400015 2024
    Citations: 1

  • Phase locking, intermittency and chaos, of an array of magnon-ic crystal cavities driven by spin torque nano oscillators
    N Kumar, A Prabhakar
    2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 1-1 2018
    Citations: 1