Gagan Singh
@dituniversity.edu.in
Professor EECED
DIT University
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Hydro Power Plant Instrumentation and Power System
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Saurabh Awasthi, Gagan Singh, and Nafees Ahamad
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Saurabh Awasthi, Gagan Singh, and Nafees Ahamad
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Bhanu Prakash Saripalli, Gagan Singh, and Sonika Singh
Emerald
Purpose Non-linear power–voltage characteristics of solar cell and frequently changing output due to variation in solar irradiance caused by movement of clouds are the major issues need to be considered in photovoltaic (PV) penetration to maintain the power quality of the grid. It is important for a PV module to always function at its maximum available power point to increase the efficiency and to maintain the grid stability. A possible solution to mitigate these generation fluctuations is the use of an electric double-layer capacitor or supercapacitor energy storage device, which is an efficient storage device for power smoothing applications. This study aims to propose a power smoothing control approach to smoothen out the output power variations of a solar PV system using a supercapacitor energy storage device. Design/methodology/approach To extract the maximum possible power from a PV panel, there are several maximum power points tracking (MPPT) algorithms developed in literature. Fuzzy logic controller-MPPT method is used in this work as it is a very efficient and popular technique which responds quickly under varying ecological conditions, reduced computational complexity and does not depend on any system constraints. Fuzzy logic-based MPPT controller by Boost DC–DC converter is developed for operating the PV panels at available maximum power point. Fuzzy logic-proportional integral (PI) charge controller is implemented by Buck–Boost converter to provide the constant current and suitable voltage for supercapacitor and to achieve better power smoothing. PI charge controller is preferred in this work as it offers better outcomes and is very easy to implement. Findings Simulation results conclude that the proposed power smoothing control approach can efficiently smooth out the power variations under variable irradiance and temperature situations. To confirm the accurateness of the proposed system, it is validated for poly-crystalline PV module and comparison of results is done by using different case study with and without the use of an energy storage system under change in irradiance condition. The proposed system is developed and examined on MATLAB/Simulink environment. Originality/value The performance comparison between PV power output with and without the use of a supercapacitor energy storage device under different Case Studies shows that the improved performance in smoothing of power output was achieved with the use of a supercapacitor energy storage device.
Mohamed Samir and Gagan Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Bhanu Prakash Saripalli, Gagan Singh, and Sonika Singh
Emerald
Purpose Estimation of solar cell parameters, mathematical modeling and the actual performance analysis of photovoltaic (PV) cells at various ecological conditions are very important in the design and analysis of maximum power point trackers and power converters. This study aims to propose the analysis and modeling of a simplified three-diode model based on the manufacturer’s performance data. Design/methodology/approach A novel technique is presented to evaluate the PV cell constraints and simplify the existing equation using analytical and iterative methods. To examine the current equation, this study focuses on three crucial operational points: open circuit, short circuit and maximum operating points. The number of parameters needed to estimate these built-in models is decreased from nine to five by an effective iteration method, considerably reducing computational requirements. Findings The proposed model, in contrast to the previous complex nine-parameter three-diode model, simplifies the modeling and analysis process by requiring only five parameters. To ensure the reliability and accuracy of this proposed model, its results were carefully compared with datasheet values under standard test conditions (STC). This model was implemented using MATLAB/Simulink and validated using a polycrystalline solar cell under STC conditions. Originality/value The proposed three-diode model clearly outperforms the earlier existing two-diode model in terms of accuracy and performance, especially in lower irradiance settings, according to the results and comparison analysis.
Saurabh Awasthi, Gagan Singh, and Nafees Ahamad
Deanship of Scientific Research
Saurabh Awasthi, Gagan Singh, and Nafees Ahamad
Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press)
Sonika Singh and Gagan Singh
IGI Global
Our thoughts decide our personality. Our idea of life arrays the complete quality our life. The off-base idea of life is the root of conflict within the life, wherein the cost of inattention is devastating. All our worries are due to spiritual unawareness which needs to be taken care of for excelling in a field. One can have success, but solace and satisfaction would only come if that success is attained through hard work by a pure mind. Science teaches us physical laws that govern the material world but knowledge of absolute or true understanding comes through discrimination which is a byproduct of leading a spiritual life. Yoga of synthesis in our thoughts, beliefs, and action is the only key for any student to practice upon to bear maximum fruits of his efforts and enjoy a holistic development for his bright career and a peaceful life.
Mohamed Samir, Gagan Singh, and Nafees Ahamad
IAES Indonesia Section
Nafees Ahamad, Afzal Sikander, and Gagan Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Nafees Ahamad, Afzal Sikander, and Gagan Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In this study, a novel system reduction approach is suggested for a linear time-continuous system. Motivated by various optimization techniques and reduction problems in system engineering, a new search algorithm, namely ant lion optimization (ALO), is being utilized for system approximation. This algorithm is based on the random walk of an ant lion for searching the food. Firstly, the approximated system is formulated by reducing the integral square error (ISE) between the higher-order and proposed approximated system using ALO. To validate the high efficiency and accuracy of the suggested approach, it is tested on four benchmark systems maximum up to 84th order including a time-delay system. It is revealed that approximated system characteristics, achieved by the suggested approach, are much closer to the characteristics of the higher system. Further, it is also revealed that the transient, steady-state, and frequency response characteristics of the higher-order system are preserved by the suggested approximated system. Additionally, the lowest value of ISE is observed with the proposed approximated system as compared to other approximated systems already available. Furthermore, the efficacy of the suggested approach is also investigated in terms of final convergence rate and CPU usage time by employing well-known the genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to obtain approximated systems.
Divya Sai Iruku, Gagan Singh, Nafees Ahamad, and Robindro Lairenlakpam
IEEE
In both commercial and home applications, batteries are essential. To determine the battery's performance, we must first determine the battery's state of charge (SOC). The SOC estimation should be correct, as this protects the battery from overcharging or discharging and extends its life. Battery standards vary in today's world, but lithium-ion is chosen for applications such as electric vehicles, semiconductor industries, space, and the military. Fast charging, high power density, lower weight, and rapid charging and discharging cycles are all advantages. This report examines the error probability of several types of SOC accessible in the literature. In comparison to other approaches accessible in the literature, the filter-based method of SOC has the lowest maximum error percentage. When compared to other methods, the adaptive unscented Kalman filter method has the lowest maximum error percentage. The latest trends in battery SOC estimation are discussed.
Saripalli Bhanu Prakash, Gagan Singh, and Sonika Singh
Deanship of Scientific Research
Saripalli Bhanu Prakash, Gagan Singh, and Sonika Singh
Frontiers Media SA
For a quick and consistent photovoltaic (PV) module design, an effective, fast, and exact simulator is crucial to examine the performance of the photovoltaic cell under partial or quick variation of temperature and irradiance. The most prevalent modeling strategy is to apply an equivalent (electrical) circuit that encompasses together non-linear and linear mechanisms. This work proposes the modeling and analysis for a four-parameter two-diode photovoltaic cell model based on the manufacturer's data-sheet. The proposed model needs only four parameters compared to the previously developed seven-parameter two-diode model to reduce the computational complexity. To develop a specific model of photovoltaic cells, the fundamental requirement is the data of temperature and irradiance. The variation of these variables totally affects the output constraints like current, voltage, and power. Thus, it is substantial to design a precise model of the photovoltaic cell module with a reduced computation period. The two-diode photovoltaic module with four constraints is identified to be more accurate and have improved performance compared to a one-diode model particularly at lower irradiance. To confirm the accuracy of the proposed model the method is applied on two different photovoltaic modules. The proposed model and modeling method are helpful for power electronic designers who require a fast, accurate, simple, and easy to implement method for use in photovoltaic system simulation. The electrical equivalent circuit and standard equations of photovoltaic cells are analyzed and the proposed two-diode model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software and validated for poly-crystalline and mono-crystalline solar cells under standard test conditions.
Bhanu Prakash Saripalli, Gagan Singh, and Sonika Singh
IEEE
Developing the mathematical model of photovoltaic (PV) cell, to simulate the module and predict their actual performance at varying temperature and irradiance condition, is very significant for evaluation of photovoltaic cell, as well as for dynamic analysis of dc-dc converters and design of maximum power point algorithms. This work proposes the analysis and modeling of photovoltaic module using the three-diode five parameter model formed based on manufacturer's datasheet. The constraints of electrical equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cell are analyzed by solving the non-linear current-voltage equation based on manufacturer datasheet provided at standard operating conditions with reduced computation period by using an effective iteration procedure. The photovoltaic current-voltage formulation is analyzed at three main points specifically at open circuit, short circuit and maximum power point condition. This model is identified to have better performance and precise compared to two-diode model mainly at lesser irradiance and higher temperature levels. To verify the accuracy and conformity of the proposed model the method is applied on two different multi or polycrystalline photovoltaic module and obtained results were compared by manufacturer performance data. By using the standard mathematical equations of photovoltaic cell this model is developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software.
Gaurav Dhiman, Abhinandan Routray, Sonika Singh, and Gagan Singh
IEEE
The fabrication process of traditional semiconductor devices at sub-22 nm scale have become very difficult and challenging. The novel multi gate MOSFET devices with no junctions are becoming very popular because of their excellent electrostatic control over the channel. In this paper, we design and analyze a multi gate MOSFET with high- $\\kappa$ spacers. The spacers are placed on left and right sides of the two gates respectively. The device characteristics are investigated with the effects of the high dielectric constant $(\\kappa_{sp})$ spacers made from materials like hafnium oxide $(\\mathrm{H}\\mathrm{f}\\mathrm{O}_{2})$ and aluminum oxide $(\\mathrm{A}1_{2}\\mathrm{O}_{3})$ taken into consideration. The work done in this paper give analysis of short channel effects (SCEs) such as threshold voltage roll off, drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and $I_{ON}/I_{OFF}$ ratio.
Mohamed Samir and Gagan Singh
IEEE
From the prospect of reducing the carbon footprint the non-conventional energy resources play an important role. The wind power is playing an important role in this regard with DFIG based wind turbines being widely used for renewable energy generation. This paper explains the analysis of a proportional integral derivative controller for doubly fed asynchronous generator connected to the grid optimized using Ant Lion optimization and the results supported using MATLAB/Simulation.
Nafees Ahamad, Afzal Sikander, and Gagan Singh
Springer Singapore
Parul Chaudhary and Gagan Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The ability of parallel compensation for voltage and current in bus system is known as Multi Converter Unified Power Quality Conditioner (MC-UPQC). It improve the Power Quality (PQ) of the renewable energy sources. The combination of current and voltage quality is known as PQ. The PQ problems, named as imbalance, flicker, and harmonics, the electronically switched and nonlinear devices with increasing applications in distribution systems and industries have become serious concerns. In this paper, improved fuzzy-based MC-UPQC is proposed for improving the PQ in grid connected wind energy system (WES). Improved fuzzy, that is hybrid fuzzy incremental conductance controlled MC-UPQC is the novelty in this study. Fuzzy incremental conductance is introduced to search the maximum power point in wind energy conversion system. From the grid, the proposed controller joined with MC-UPQC improve the WES. At the same time, the system can recompense the current and voltage imperfections in adjacent feeders. A normal dc-link capacitor is shared by all converters in this configuration. Hence, the power transfer from one to adjacent feeders is possible. The proposed work is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. Through the hysteresis controller, the performance analysis is carried out. Finally the results are compared with existing controller’s namely proportional integral and a conventional fuzzy logic controller. Thus, the overall performance can display the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Compared to other two existing approaches, the proposed scheme achieves very low THD values i.e. 3.53% for load 1 and 3.25% for load 2.
Nafees Ahamad, Afzal Sikander, and Gagan Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In this study, a new technique for discrete time system reduction is suggested which preserves the substructure of the higher order system in the reduced system. Motivated by various system reduction and optimization techniques available in the literature, the proposed technique is based on Cuckoo search which is used to obtain unknown elements of the reduced system with an error criterion minimization. The efficacy of the proposed technique is justified by reducing few benchmark systems and the obtained results are compared with other well-known order reduction methods existing in the literature.
Nafees Ahamad, Gagan Singh, Shahala Khan, and Afzal Sikander
IEEE
The H-infinity methods are widely used in control system to synthesize controller, achieving stabilization with assured performance. Usually, the order of designed H- infinity controller is as high as the order of the considered system. The design and implementation of full-order H- infinity controller often require advanced hardware and high computational cost. However, if a restriction on the maximum order of the controller is imposed, that is lower than the order of the system, the problem becomes non-convex and non- smooth (non-differentiable), and it is relatively difficult to solve. In this paper, an optimal reduced order H-infinity controller, based on Hankel singular values (HSV), has been proposed using genetic algorithm (GA) on the basis of minimization of Li norm of the error function. The algebraic Riccati equation (ARE) has been used to design H-infinity controller for a boiler system. The obtained results have been compared with well know hybrid algorithm for non-smooth and non-convex optimization based on quasi-Newton updating and gradient sampling method.
Gurmeet Singh and Gagan Singh
IEEE
This paper presents design, analysis and simulation of fuzzy logic controller for indirect field oriented control (FOC) of induction motor drives. The induction motor drive is controlled using a FOC, which allows a fast transient response of the system by controlling a decoupled flux and torque components. Moreover, a fuzzy pre-compensated proportionalintegral (PI) controller is used for attaining a better dynamic performance of the proposed drive system. The performance of the proposed fuzzy controller is compared with the conventional-PI controller for the operation of the induction motor drive at rated load and light loading conditions. The obtained results demonstrate effectiveness and robustness of the proposed fuzzy logic controller.
Anant Kumar Verma and Gagan Singh
IEEE
Pseudorandom carrier scheme is a distinct approach for analysis of various demerits (Discrete frequency harmonics, Electromagnetic interference, audible switching noise etc.) occurring due to the switching frequency of a semiconductor device (MOSFET, IGBT etc.) in Power electronic system (PES). In the proposed scheme random synthesis of two triangular carrier waves opposite in phase are randomly selected by using 12 bit PN-Sequence generator on the basis of "0" and "1" bits of a 12-bit sequence (called as Pseudorandom binary (PBRS) sequence random bits). Train of switching pluses are generated using Pseudorandom carrier and a reference signal to control the BOOST converter output levels.