SHIVAKUMAR H.N
@klepharmblr.org
Vice-Principal & Professor
KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru
I have more than 70 Research papers in peer-reviewed journals, six Book Chapters and one patent to my credit. I have been a Principal Investigator in research grants funded by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi, Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), New Delhi, Board of Research in Nuclear Science, (Department of Atomic Energy) and Vision Group of Science and Technology, Karnataka Science and Technology Promotion Society (KSTP), Department of Science and Technology, Govt of Karnataka. I have been the cofounder of the startup Feplen Health Research Pvt. Ltd. I have been awarded with the Biotechnology Ignition Grant (BIG) & SPARSH (Social Innovation programme for Products: Affordable & Relevant to Societal Health) Grants of BIRAC, Award for Research Paper by KSTP, DST, ‘The Best Teacher Award’ in 2015, STARS Award in 2016 & the Accomplished Alumni Award by American Association of Government College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru.
EDUCATION
I have done my Masters degree on Pharmaceutics from Government college of Phamacy, Bengaluru. I have earned my doctoral degree in Pharmacy from Rajiv Gandhi University of Heath Sciences, Karnataka and my Postdoctoral research fellowship from The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Oral lymphatic drug delivery, Transdermal drug delivery, Tranasungual delivery, Pharmaceutical development applying the principles of Quality by Design (QbD), Colon specific drug delivery, oral targeted and sustained drug delivery, Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery.
FUTURE PROJECTS
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Scopus Publications
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Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Dhruti Avlani, H.N. Shivakumar, Avichal Kumar, A. Prajila, Babiker Bashir Haroun Baraka, and V. Bhagya
Elsevier BV
Anusha V. M., Sarasija Suresh, Avichal Kumar, Paranjyothy K., Reena N. M., Srinath Rangappa, S. Narasimha Murthy, and Shivakumar H.N.
Informa UK Limited
Natural products are generally preferred medications owing to their low toxicity and irritancy potential. However, good number of herbal therapeutics (HT) exhibit solubility, permeability and stability issues that eventually affect the oral bioavailability. Transdermal administration has been successful in resolving some of these issues which has lead in commercialization of a few herbal transdermal products. Polymeric Microneedles (MNs) has emerged as a promising platform in transdermal delivery of HT that face problems in permeating the skin. Several biocompatible and biodegradable polymers used in fabrication of MNs have been discussed. MNs have been exploited for cutaneous delivery of HT in management of skin ailments like skin cancer, acne, chronic wounds and hypertrophic scar. Considering the clinical need, MNs are explored for systemic delivery of potent HT for management of diverse disorders like asthma, disorders of central nervous system and nicotine replacement as it obviates first pass metabolism and elicits a quicker onset of therapeutic response. MNs of HT have found good number of aesthetic applications in topical delivery of HT to the skin. Interestingly, MNs have emerged an attractive option as minimally invasive diagnostic aid in sampling of biomarkers from plants, skin and ocular interstitial fluid. The review updates the progress made by MN technology of HT for multiple therapeutic interventions along with the future challenges. An attempt is made to illustrate the challenging formulation strategies employed in fabrication of polymeric MNs of HT. Efforts are on to extend the potential applications of polymeric MNs to HT for diverse therapeutic applications.
Sumaia Abdulbari Ahmed Ali Hard, H.N. Shivakumar, and Moqbel Ali Moqbel Redhwan
Elsevier BV
Dhruti Avlani, Avichal Kumar, and Shivakumar H.N
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-loaded bioadhesive chitosan microparticles (CM) were developed by an emulsification internal gelation technique. Among different batches produced, ECH-4 was found to display a high % entrapment efficiency (68.93 ± 1.76%) and sustained drug release of 88.05 ± 0.38% at 24 h. Solid state characterization of ECH-4 employing DSC and PXRD indicated that the TDF existed in an amorphous state as a solid-solid solution in chitosan. Scanning electron microscopy revealed CM of ECH-4 was spherical in shape with a rough surface topography. Laser scattering analysis using Malvern Master sizer indicated that particle size of ECH-4 was in the range of 0.52 ± 0.10 μm to 284.79 ± 21.42 μm with a surface-mean diameter of 12.41 ± 0.06 μm. Ex vivo mucoadhesion studies using rabbit mucosa as a substrate indicated that 10.34 ± 2.08% of CM of ECH-4 was retained at the end of 24 h. The microparticles of ECH-4 were incorporated into dispersible tablets (DT-TCM) intended for intravaginal administration, in view to arrest the pre-exposure transmission of HIV during sexual intercourse. In vitro release from the dispersible tablet (F3) into simulated vaginal fluid (pH 4.5) displayed a sustained release profile of TDF as 89.98 ± 1.61% of TDF was released at 24 h. The in vitro dissolution profile of the DT-TCM was found to be similar to that of TDF loaded CM with the values of f1 (difference factor) and f2 (similarity factor) being 1.52 and 78.02, respectively. Therefore, DT-TCM would be a promising novel drug delivery platform for pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV.
Anusha V. Matadh, Anusha Echanur, Sarasija Suresh, Laxmishanthi Chede, Howard Maibach, Vijay Kulkarni, S. Narasimha Murthy, and Shivakumar H N
American Chemical Society (ACS)
For more than five decades, pharmaceutical manufacturers have been relying heavily on batch manufacturing that is a sequential, multistep, laborious, and time-consuming process. However, late advances in manufacturing technologies have prompted manufacturers to consider continuous manufacturing (CM) is a feasible manufacturing process that encompasses fewer steps and is less tedious and quick. Global regulatory agencies are taking a proactive role to facilitate pharmaceutical industries to adopt CM that assures product quality by employing robust manufacturing technologies encountering fewer interruptions, thereby substantially reducing product failures and recalls. However, adopting innovative CM is known to pose technical and regulatory challenges. Hot melt extrusion (HME) is one such state-of-the-art enabling technology that facilitates CM of diverse pharmaceutical dosage forms, including topical semisolids. Efforts have been made to continuously manufacture semisolids by HME integrating the principles of Quality by Design (QbD) and Quality Risk Management (QRM) and deploying Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) tools. Attempts have been made to systematically elucidate the effect of critical material attributes (CMA) and critical process parameters (CPP) on product critical quality attributes (CQA) and Quality Target Product Profiles (QTPP) deploying PAT tools. The article critically reviews the feasibility of one of the enabling technologies such as HME in CM of topical semisolids. The review highlights the benefits of the CM process and challenges ahead to implement the technology to topical semisolids. Once the CM of semisolids adopting melt extrusion integrated with PAT tools becomes a reality, the process can be extended to manufacture sterile semisolids that usually involve more critical processing steps.
Pragathi S.G., Anusha V Echanur, Anusha V Matadh, Srinath Rangappa, Shivakumar H.N., Reena N Murthy, Ranganath V.S., Esteban E. Ureña-Benavides, Howard Maibach, and S. Narasimha Murthy
American Chemical Society (ACS)
The objective of the project was to investigate the plausibility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to undergo sublimation from topical application following evaporation of solvent. Topical formulations with different APIs were subjected to a sublimation screening test. The APIs in the selected topical products were found to undergo sublimation to a different extent. The salicylic acid topical product was found to undergo a significant loss due to sublimation. The extent of sublimation of salicylic acid was significantly greater at skin temperature compared to room temperature. When the APIs were subjected to the sublimation screening test in their neat form at 32 ± 1 °C, the natural log of the rate of sublimation decreased linearly with the standard enthalpy of sublimation of compound (R2 = 0.89). The formulation composition was found to have a significant impact on the extent of sublimation of the representative API, salicylic acid. The sublimation of APIs from the topical product was found to affect the mass balance studies in the case of the salicylic acid ointment. Furthermore, the results of the human studies agreed with the in vitro experimental results demonstrating the plausibility of loss of API due to sublimation from the site of application.
Anusha V. Matadh, Deeksha Jakka, S.G. Pragathi, K. Poornima, H.N. Shivakumar, Reena N. Murthy, Srinath Rangappa, Mahesh Shivanna, and S Narasimha Murthy
Elsevier BV
Kenchappa Vanaja, Salwa S, Hagalavadi Nanjappa Shivakumar, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Future Science Ltd
Aim: Negatively charged deformable liposomes (DL) of ketoprofen were formulated to enhance transdermal delivery of ketoprofen (KP) under the influence of iontophoresis for intraarticular delivery. Methods: Conventional and deformable KP liposomes were prepared using thin film hydration, characterized and intraarticular delivery of KP was evaluated using Sprague-Dawley rats. Results: Vesicles displayed entrapment efficiency (>71%); zeta potential <-25 mV; size between 152.4 ± 12.42 nm to 220.4 ± 6.22 nm, KP-DL were stable under iontophoresis. Conventional and deformable liposomes exhibited relatively higher iontophoretic flux values than passive flux; Iontophoretic delivery enhanced KP availability in the synovial fluid (1.34 ± 0.12 μg.h/ml) fourfold over passive delivery (0.329 ± 0.15 μg.h/ml). Conclusion: Iontophoretic mediated transport of deformable liposomes could improve transdermal delivery of ketoprofen into the synovial joints than conventional liposomes.
V. Anusha Echanur, Anusha V. Matadh, S. G. Pragathi, S. Sarasija, Yeoh Thean, Abu Zayed Badruddoza, Jaymin Shah, Vijay Kulkarni, Srinivas Ajjarapu, N. M. Reena,et al.
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Pharmaceutical industries and drug regulatory agencies are inclining towards continuous manufacturing due to better control over the processing conditions and in view to improve product quality. In the present work, continuous manufacturing of O/W emulgel by melt extrusion process was explored using lidocaine as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Emulgel was characterized for pH, water activity, globule size distribution, and in vitro release rate. Additionally, effect of temperature (25°C and 60°C) and screw speed (100, 300, and 600 rpm) on the globule size and in vitro release rate was studied. Results indicated that at a given temperature, emulgel prepared under screw speed of 300 rpm resulted in products with smaller globules and faster drug release.
Praharsh Kumar Mandadhi Rajendra, Bala Sai Soujith Nidamanuri, Akey Krishna Swaroop, Janani Selvam Krishnamurali, Anjali Puthusserikkunnu Balan, Jubie Selvaraj, Rajeshkumar Raman, Hagalavadi Nanjappa Shivakumar, Murthannagari Vivek Reddy, and Natarajan Jawahar
Elsevier BV
Anusha V. Matadh, Deeksha Jakka, S. G. Pragathi, Srinath Rangappa, H. N. Shivakumar, Howard Maibach, N. M. Reena, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Polymeric microneedles were prepared with Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 using the mold casting technique. The core microneedles were coated with Eudragit E-100 by dip and spin method. The amount of 5-fluorouracil (FU) loaded in the core microneedles was 604 ± 35.4 µg. The coating thickness was 24.12 ± 1.12 µm. The objective was to deliver the 5-FU gradually in a controlled release manner at the target site in the sub-stratum corneum layer. This approach is anticipated to improve the safety and efficacy of topical melanoma treatment. The release of the drug was prolonged for up to 3 h from the polymer-coated polymeric (PCP) microneedles. The entire amount was found to release within 15 min in uncoated MNs. Likewise, the permeation of the drug from the uncoated microneedles was rapid, whereas the PCP microneedles were able to prolong the permeation up to 420 min. The PCP microneedles were subjected to stability studies at 25°C ± 2°C/60%RH, and 40°C ± 2°C/75%RH condition for 3 months. The formulations were found intact, and the release rate was not significantly different form the fresh formulation. The drug content was found to meet the acceptability criteria as well (98.12 ± 1.8% and 97.8 ± 2.1% at 25 and 40°C respectively after 3 months). Overall, this study demonstrated the feasibility of fabrication of PCP microneedles using Eudragit E100 for intraregional controlled delivery of drugs.
Deeksha Jakka, Anusha V. Matadh, Vijay Kumar Shankar, H.N. Shivakumar, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Elsevier BV
Abhijeet Maurya, Jungeun Bae, Vanaja Kenchappa, H. Shivakumar, H. Maibach, M. Repka and S. N. Murthy
Physicochemical and formulation factors influencing penetration of drugs from topical products into the skin and mechanisms of drug permeation are well investigated and reported in the literature. However, mechanisms of drug absorption during short-term exposure have not been given sufficient importance. In this project, the extent of absorption of drug molecules into the skin from aqueous and ethanolic solutions following a 5-min application period was investigated. The experiments demonstrated measurable magnitude of absorption into the skin for all the molecules tested despite the duration of exposure being only few minutes. Among the two solvents used, absorption was greater from aqueous than ethanolic solution. The results suggest that an alternative penetration pathway, herein referred to as the convective transport pathway, is likely responsible for the rapid, significant uptake of drug molecules during initial few minutes of exposure. Additionally, absorption through the convective transport pathways is a function of the physicochemical nature of the formulation vehicle rather than the API.
Deeksha Jakka, A.V. Matadh, H.N. Shivakumar, Howard Maibach, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Elsevier BV
Afzal Haq Asif, Feroze Kaliyadan, Vikas V. Gite, Bandar E. Al‐Dhubiab, Shivakumar H. Nanjappa, Girish Meravanige, and Nagaraja Sreeharsha
Wiley
BACKGROUND
Standardization of topical therapy dosage is important to ensure optimum use and dosage of topical medications. One of the concepts frequently used in the standardization of topical treatment is the Finger-tip unit (FTU). While practitioners, both dermatologists and pharmacists, are generally aware of FTU, practical use is less.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to evaluate views and practices related to FTU among both dermatology and pharmacy faculty and to elicit and validate suggestions for improving standardization.
METHODS
We surveyed a group of Dermatologists and Pharmacists-in two phases-in phase 1 (n = 44), an electronic survey was used as a tool to understand their practices regarding FTU, and to obtain suggestions regarding standardization of topical medication delivery. In phase 2 (n = 40), the main suggestions for improvement were resent to the group to rate and validate the same.
RESULTS
The awareness of FTU was high among the experts, but practical use of the FTU for patient counselling was less frequent. The group gave suggestions to standardize applications. All these suggestions got high ratings on both feasibility and possible effectiveness in the second phase, with the highest rating being for the suggestion of "Placing QR codes on ointment/cream tubes which link to websites with educational materials/ videos on FTU/topical drug dosing."
CONCLUSION
Awareness regarding FTU is high among both dermatologists and pharmacists, however practical use is less. Strategies to improve standardization of topical drug dosing can be formulated through collaboration involving both dermatologists and pharmacists.
Preethi Gopalapura Bellaiah, Shivakumar Hagalavadi Nanjappa, and Kumar Madalli Ravi
Open Science Publishers LLP
Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, exhibits pH-dependent solubility resulting in poor dissolution limiting its absorption. In the present study, an attempt is made to prepare a self-dispersing lipid formulation (SDLF) involving the novel combination of two drug solubility enhancing strategies, i.e., self-emulsifying system (SES) and solid dispersion (SD). Nevirapine-SES (NV-SES) consisting of an ideal ratio of oleic acid (oil), Cremophor RH 40 (surfactant), and Transcutol (co-surfactant) exhibited good emulsifying properties with maximum drug loading. The NV-SES developed was mixed with an equal quantity of nevirapine: gelucire 50/13 solid dispersion [Nevirapine Solid Dispersion (NV-SD)] to get a novel nevirapine SDLF (NV-SDLF). The NV-SDLF was characterized for its zeta potential, polydispersity index, and particle size, and the results obtained were found to be satisfactory. NV-SDLF was adsorbed on carrier neuciline U2 to get solid NV-SDLF, and solid-state characterization using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) indicated the amorphous nature of the drug in NV-SDLF. The in-vitro drug release of the NV-SDLF was found to be 87.2% ± 0.96% in comparison with nevirapine 28.8% ± 1.02%. In-vivo pharmacokinetic performance of solid NV-SDLF and pure drug suspension was carried out in rats, and a significant two-fold increase (p < 0.05) in area under the curve (AUC) of solid NV-SDLF was observed with respect to nevirapine AUC. Thus, the in-vitro and in-vivo results confirmed that the combined strategies of SES and SD in the formulation of solid NV-SDLF were found to enhance the bioavailability of nevirapine, which could be a promising novel drug delivery system in the management of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
Akhil Baby, Hagalavadi Nanjappa Shivakumar, and Prajila Alayadan
EManuscript Technologies
Aim: The present work intends to formulate and evaluate film forming solution of diphenhydramine. Materials and Methods: Film forming solutions (FFS) for transdermal delivery of Diphenhydramine HCl were prepared using different polymers (hydroxypropyl cellulose, Eudragit L 100, polyvinylpyrollidone K30 and polyvinylpyrollidone K90), PEG 400 as plasticizer and ethyl alcohol as solvent. Results: The film forming solutions were found to display an acceptable drying time ranging from 2 to 5 min. In-vitro release studies indicated percentage drug released by the end of 8 h from FFS of HPC-EF, Eudragit L 100 and PVP K 30 was found to be 41.31 ± 2.1%, 14.81 ± 1.2 % and 25.7 ± 1.9 % respectively. FFS of HPC-EF that readily released drug were considered for further development by incorporating penetration enhancers like azone, isopropyl myristate and oleic acid. Steady state flux of drug across shed snake skin used as a barrier in vertical Franz diffusion cell was found to be 42.27 ±3.5 mg/cm2/hr, 51.18 ±4.9 mg/cm2/hr and 57.91 ± 7.2 mg/cm2/hr for FFS containing isopropyl myristate, oleic acid and azone as permeation enhancers respectively. Conclusion: Considering the plasma clearance of the drug and transdermal steady state flux, it can be inferred that FFS containing azone as enhancer needs to be spread across an application area of 0.5 cm2 to elicit a therapeutic response.
Apoorva Panda, V. Anusha Matadh, Sarasija Suresh, H. N. Shivakumar, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Microneedles (MNs) are micron-scaled needles measuring 100 to 1000 μm that were initially explored for delivery of therapeutic agents across the skin. Considering the success in transcutaneous drug delivery, the application of microneedles has been extended to different tissues and organs. The review captures the application of microneedles to the oral mucosa, the eye, vagina, gastric mucosa, nail, scalp, and vascular tissues for delivery of vaccines, biologics, drugs, and diagnostic agents. The technology has created easy access to the poorly accessible segments of eye to facilitate delivery of monoclonal antibodies and therapeutic agents in management of neovascular disease. Microporation has been reported to drastically improve the drug delivery through the poorly permeable nail plate. Curved microneedles and spatially designed microneedle cuffs have been found to be capable of delivering stem cells and therapeutic macromolecules directly to the cardiac tissue and the vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively. Besides being minimally invasive and patient compliant, the technology has the potential to offer viable solutions to deliver drugs through impermeable barriers owing to the ability to penetrate several biological barriers. The technology has been successful to overcome the delivery hurdles and enable direct delivery of drug to the target sites, thus maximizing the efficacy thereby reducing the required dose. This review is an attempt to capture the non-dermatological applications of microneedles being explored and provides an insight on the future trends in the field of microneedle technology. Graphical abstract Pictorial representation of different microneedle application.
Manisha Soral, ShivakumarH Nanjappa, and Prajila Alayadan
Medknow
Afzal HaqAsif, Rahul R. Karnakar, Nagaraja Sreeharsha, Vikas V. Gite, Niteen Borane, Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab, Feroze Kaliyadan, Tasleem Rasool, Shivakumar H. Nanjappa, and Girish Meravanige
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The manuscript represents synthesis of pH and salt responsive hydrogel based on guar gum as a renewable substrate for drug delivery of natural anticancer drug i.e. curcumin. Initially acrylic acid grafted guar gum (GG-g-PAA) hydrogel was obtained in the presence of ammonium persulphate as a redox initiator. Structural stability of grafted copolymer was improved using N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker with simultaneous loading of curcumin as a natural anticancer drug. Delivery rate of curcumin from GG-g-PAA was studied by UV spectrophotometer. The neat and drug loaded hydrogels were characterized using FTIR, NMR, TGA, and SEM techniques for their structural, morphological, and thermal behaviours. Swelling of the hydrogels and water diffusion properties were studied in salt and aqueous solutions of different pH. Finally, the fabricated hydrogel matrices were tested for curcumin release studies to understand the release kinetic. The results indicated that the prepared renewable source based hydrogel can be used in drug delivery of curcumin as a natural medicine. As curcumin and guar gum are products of agricultural food crops viz. turmeric and guar, the current research can be a good contribution towards preparation of an eco-friendly drug delivery system based on agriculture products.
Apoorva Panda, Purnendu Kumar Sharma, H.N. Shivakumar, Michael A. Repka, and S. Narasimha Murthy
Elsevier BV
Manasa Moganti and H.N. Shivakumar
Elsevier BV
S. Narasimha Murthy, Shivakumar H.N, and Sarasija Suresh
Wiley
Kenchappa Vanaja, Salwa S., S. Narasimha Murthy, and H.N. Shivakumar
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Purpose: Topical therapy is ineffective in case of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) as it is not able to maintain therapeutic levels of drug in the affected joint due to its inability to surpass the dermal circulation and penetrate into deeper tissues. One of the approaches to enhance deep tissue penetration of drugs is to increase drug delivery much above the dermal clearance. The objective of the present work was to formulate negatively charged deformable liposomes (DL) of diclofenac sodium (DS) using biosurfactants and target the same to the synovial fluid by application of iontophoresis. Methods: Deformable liposomes loaded with diclofenac sodium were formulated and characterized for surface morphology, particle size distribution, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency. In vitro permeation of the diclofenac from aqueous solution, conventional liposomes, and deformable liposomes under iontophoresis was performed using Franz diffusion cells and compared to passive control. Intraarticular microdialysis was carried out to determine the time course of drug concentration in the synovial fluid at the knee-joint region of hind limb in Sprague Dawley rats. Results: The vesicles were found to display a high entrapment (> 60%) and possess a negative zeta potential lower than -30 mV. The size of the vesicles was varied from 112.41 ± 1.42 nm and 154.6 ± 3.22 nm, demonstrated good stability on the application of iontophoresis. The iontophoretic flux values for the DS aqueous solution, conventional liposomes and deformable liposomal formulation were found to be 7.55 ± 0.42, 16.75±1.77and 44.01 ± 3.47 μg/ cm2 h-1, respectively. Deformable liposomes were found to display an enhancement of 5.83 fold compared to passive control. Iontophoresis was found to enhance the availability of DS deformable liposomes (0.56 ± 0.08 μg.h/ml) in the synovial fluid by nearly 2-fold over passive delivery (0.29 ± 0.05 μg.h/ml). Conclusions: Results obtained indicate that iontophoretic mediated transport of deformable liposomes could improve the regional bioavailability of diclofenac sodium to the synovial joints, an efficient mode for treating MSD in elderly.
Praharsh Kumar Mandadhi Rajendra, Natarajan Jawahar, Rajeshkumar Raman, Hagalavadi Nanjappa Shivakumar, and Anjali Puthusserikkunnu Balan
EManuscript Technologies
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
GRANT DETAILS
1. “Development of fast-dissolving tablets for neurological disorders” under Research Project Scheme (Ref: 8023/BOR/RPS-162/2006-07) supported by under of AICTE, New Delhi (Rs. 10.00 Lacs), INDIA.
2. ‘Transdermal delivery of iron’ with a fellowship of $ 30000 per from July 2008 to Oct 2009 by Department of Pharmaceutics, The University of Mississippi, MS-38677, USA.
3. “Formulation of Guinidine HCl gels for treatment of topical scars” funded by The Dept. of Pharmaceutics, University of Mississippi, MS, USA in the year 2013
4. “Formulation and Evaluation of inhalable mucoadhesive microparticles of streptomycin” funded by VGST, DITBST under Science Projects in college education (SPiCE) for the year 2012-13
5.“Design and Evaluation of Ocular Inserts of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride using natural Bioadhesive film formers” funded by VGST, DITBST under SPiCE for the year 2013-14
6.“Transdermal Iron Replenishment Therapy” funded by BIRAC (Rs. 33.20 Lacs) under the Biotechnology Ignition Grant - 2014
7.“Noninvasive electrical device for Transcutaneous Iron replenishment” has been recommended for a funding of Rs. 50 Lacs by BIRAC under SPARSH
8.“Effect Of Gamma Sterilization On The Properties Of Microneedle Array Transdermal Patch System” funded by BRNS, DAE, Govt. of India
9.“Development of Bio-adhesive nanoparticles for vaginal delivery of selected antiretrovirals” dunded by VGST,
10. “Guar gum based Dermal Bio-adhesive for Biomedical Patch Applications” funded by BIRAC.
RESEARCH OUTPUTS (PATENTS, SOFTWARE, PUBLICATIONS, PRODUCTS)
Inventor in the Indian patent entitled A METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF CISPLATIN NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITION granted on 12--03-2021
CONSULTANCY
1. International Collaboration
Collaborator with Noninvasive Drug Delivery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, The University of Mississippi, MS, USA to facilitate Design Experiments (DoE), establish Design Space and Optimize Process/Product in the ongoing projects & undertake Pharmacokinetic testing of prototype formulations
2. Industrial Consultation
a. Formulation Development with DermaPerm Research Inc., Bangalore,
b. Kemwell BioPharma Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore to set up Design Experiments (DoE) &Establish Design Space, Implement
Principle of Quality by Design (QbD) in Pharmaceutical Development.
c. Consultant with SPI Pharma-India branch, Bangalore ( for the below mentioned projects
i. Design of Co-processed excipient systems for enhanced physicochemical and organoleptic properties
ii. Dissolution of powders in USP IV flow through dissolution apparatus
iii. Transport feasibility studies across porcine buccal mucosa
e. Syngene International Ltd, Bangalore ( for the project “Spray drying for enteric coating”
f. Semler Research Inc, Bangalore (
g. Stevia World Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru ( for project “Development and scale up of sugar free tablets of Stevia”
h. Nuwill Research & Innovations Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore
Industry, Institute, or Organisation Collaboration
Department of Pharmaceutics, The University of Mississippi, MS, USA. 1College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King FaisalUniversity, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE
One year of experience as a Production Executive at Bangalore Pharmaceuticals and Reserach Laboratories, Bangalore and two years of Experience as a Mangager (Formulation Development) at Kemwell Biopharma Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore.
STARTUP
I have been the cofounder of the startup Feplen Health Research Pvt. Ltd., and co-founder of the nonprofit Research Organization Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical research, Bengaluru (, a DSIR recognized non-profit research organization that is registered in Darpan portal of Niti Ayog.
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, or ACADEMIC BENEFITS
Principal Investigator for the project entitled “Noninvasive electrical device for Transcutaneous Iron replenishment” has been recommended for a funding of Rs. 50 Lacs by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) under Social Innovation programme for Products: Affordable & Relevant to Societal Health (SPARSH)