Dr. Mahmoud Okasha

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Researcher
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt

Dr. Mahmoud Okasha


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EDUCATION

I obtained: *B. Sc. Degree in the Agricultural Sciences (Agricultural Engineering) in June 2010 from Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. *M.Sc. Degree in Agricultural Engineering in August 2014 from Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. *Ph.D. Degree in the Agricultural Engineering “Farm Machinery and Power” in May 2019 from Mansoura University, Egypt.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Agricultural Engineering
Agricultural Mechanization
Precision Agriculture
Agriculture
Agricultural Machinery
Biosystems Engineering
Sustainable Agriculture
Farming
Agricultural Development
Farm Management
20

Scopus Publications

Scopus Publications

  • Computer vision-based soil clod distribution mapping after primary tillage
    Deepak Kumar, Narendra Singh Chandel, Dilip Jat, A.K. Raul, Karan Singh, et al.
    Journal of Terramechanics, 2026
  • Developing a pesticide spraying machine suitable for grape orchards
    M.A. Aboegela, Mohamed Elmeadawy, Mahmoud Okasha, M.A. Orabi, N.E. Mansour
    Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences, 2026
    This paper aimed to develop and evaluate a sprayer tailored for grape trellis systems in Egyptian orchards. The developed sprayer was assessed at three forward speeds (2.4, 3.4, and 4.6 km h −1 ), two types of spray nozzle types (flat-fan and hollow-cone), and two nozzle-to-leaf distances (40 and 60 cm), and three operating pressures (10, 15, and 20 bar). The results showed that the highest droplet density (197 droplets/cm 2 ) was achieved with flat-fan nozzles at an operating pressure of 20 bar and a forward speed of 2.4 km h −1 . In contrast, the lowest droplet density (73 droplets/cm 2 ) occurred at the highest forward speed of 4.6 km h −1 . Furthermore, the mean droplet diameter decreased with increasing pressure; the smallest overall was 170 μm with the hollow-cone nozzle at an operating pressure of 20 bar and a forward speed of 4.6 km h −1 . The maximum field capacity of 3.32 fed/h was recorded with a flat-fan nozzle, 10 bar pressure, and a forward speed of 4.6 km h −1 .
  • Development of a kiln emission treatment unit for the production of biochar and wood vinegar
    Mohamed Ahmed Orabi, Fatma Abd El Gawad, M. A. Aboegela, Soha G. Abd El Hamid, Mahmoud Okasha, et al.
    Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences, 2026
    This paper aimed to assess a kiln system with an integrated condenser using citrus branches and palm fronds residues to produce biochar and wood vinegar (WV) at pyrolysis temperatures of 350, 400, and 450 °C. The citrus branches surpassed palm fronds in producing biochar with lower electrical conductivity (0.99–2.19 dS m −1 vs. 13.43–16.23 dS m −1 ), ash content (7.17–17.19% vs. 24.72–30.98%), and higher carbon retention efficiency (58.8–61.6% vs. 39.0–43.6%). At 400 °C, the biochar yielded the best results for citrus branches, with 65.90% yield, pH 7.28, and 1.09 dS m −1 EC, and a yield of 0.625% and ash of 2.58% with WV, meeting soil amendment. Palm fronds' biochar required washing to achieve an EC below 4 dS m −1 , and WV required a 1:15 dilution to mitigate phytotoxicity risks posed by ash content. The results revealed that using citrus branches at 400 °C yielded optimal biochar and WV for soil amendments without post-processing.
  • The effect of operating parameters on the performance of an innovative garlic clove separating machine
    Elsayed A. E. Ali, Fatma Abd El Gawad, Habiba E. Sabry, Mahmoud Okasha, Solaf Abd El-Reheem, et al.
    Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences, 2025
    Garlic is an essential crop in Egypt with significant culinary and medicinal value, yet manual clove separation remains laborious and inefficient. This study aimed to develop an innovative garlic clove separating machine. Machine performance was assessed across three parameters: drum speeds ranged between 22 and 41 rpm, moisture content (MC) ranged between 46 and 62%, and clearance settings ranged between 10 and 20 mm. MC emerged as the most critical performance determinant, with optimal separation efficiency at 48–56% MC. Clearance settings significantly influenced quality, where 20 mm clearance maximized capacity while 10 mm enhanced purity, particularly for MC bulbs (<45% MC). Clove damage showed strong MC dependence, with 20 mm clearance minimizing injury in moist bulbs and 10 mm optimal for drier conditions. MC and clearance adjustments proved more impactful. The study identified key trade-offs: higher MC improved throughput but increased damage, whereas tighter clearances boosted purity at the expense of separation completeness. The practical recommendations include processing at 49–54% MC, using 10 mm clearance for dry bulbs and 20 mm for wet ones, and adjusting drum speed accordingly (32–41 rpm). These guidelines can improve processing efficiency by 18–22% while reducing damage losses by up to 15%.
  • Enhancing Greenhouse Performance Through Robotic Roof Cleaning Solutions: A Review
    Ahmed Amin, Xiaochan Wang, Yanyu Chen, Sun Guoxiang, Huang Xuekai, et al.
    Journal of Field Robotics, 2025
    The robotics industry has seen significant growth and advancement in the agricultural sector, particularly, in agricultural greenhouses. This study presents the most common cleaning methods for greenhouse roofs, including manual and automatic cleaning techniques. On the other hand, it provides greenhouse types, designs, and factors affecting lighting. It highlights the importance of cleaning and discusses the challenges of various robot designs and their future prospects. It was found that dust accumulation on greenhouse roofs could decrease the light intensity by 30%. Consequently, it could reduce the crop yield and quality by over 30%. Therefore, regular cleaning is crucial to provide the optimal light intensity for crops. The manual or traditional cleaning methods can cause damage, injuries, inefficiency, high costs, and labor shortages. This study investigates greenhouse‐cleaning robots and devices in terms of their operation, specifications, quality, and accuracy. Meanwhile, it summarizes the pros and cons of automatic cleaning. Furthermore, it evaluates robots based on a movement system, cleaning efficiency, and all characteristics in different countries. It was found that robots for Venlo‐type greenhouses are the most common and advanced robots, which achieve a light transmittance of up to 88% after cleaning. China and the Netherlands are at the forefront of commercial research technology applications. In conclusion, this study recommends investing more in robotic greenhouse cleaners to boost productivity and develop an intelligent cleaning system for greenhouse roofs. In addition, further research should be implemented to improve the durability and decrease the prices of robots.
  • Design and fabrication of a device for cleaning greenhouse roofs
    Ahmed Amin, Xiaochan Wang, Zhao Lianyuan, Yinyan Shi, Ren Xiaoyan, et al.
    Heliyon, 2025
  • Design and experimentation of a solar-powered robot for cleaning the greenhouse roofs
    Ahmed Amin, Xiaochan Wang, Sun Guoxiang, Yinyan Shi, Joseph Ndiithi Ndumiaassan, et al.
    Results in Engineering, 2024
  • DEVELOPING AN AUTOMATIC PRECISION SEEDING UNIT (APSU) FOR POT SEED PLANTING
    Mohamed ABO-HABAGA, Zakaria ISMAIL, Nariman MOUSTAFA, Mahmoud OKASHA
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2024
    This research aims to develop an automatic precision seeding unit (APSU) for planting seeds in pots inside greenhouses. The study evaluated three seed suction nozzle diameters (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mm) and four types of seeds (Armenian cucumber, pepper, turnip, and okra). The key performance indicators involved the number of seeds captured per stroke, total time for seeding one pot, and deviation relative to the pots’ centers. The results showed that a nozzle diameter of 1.0 mm was the most effective for okra and Armenian cucumber seeds, resulting in average yields of 1.0 and 1.46 seed(s) per pot, respectively. The 0.5 mm nozzle showed optimal performance for pepper and turnip seeds, achieving 1.33 and 1.46 seeds per pot, respectively. The average time for seeding one pot, including all three stages, is approximately 35 seconds. These findings endorse the improvement of productivity and accuracy in automated greenhouse seeding, furthering precision agriculture as a state-of-the-art technological strategy.
  • STUDY THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF DRYING TOMATOES PROCESS USING A SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM
    Ahmed M. EL-SHEIKHA, Mohamed R. DARWESH, Rashad HEGAZY, Mahmoud OKASHA, Nada H. MOHAMED
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2024
    This study developed a hybrid solar greenhouse dryer (lean-to) incorporated with a solar collector and photovoltaic (PV) system for smallholder processors of tomatoes and evaluated the thermal performance of forced convection mixed-mode solar dryer with two pretreatments of fresh tomatoes (halves and slices) with salt and sugar. Tomatoes dipped in a 40% sucrose solution for 72 hours before drying exhibited a greater initial drying rate than those treated with salt. The hourly average incident solar radiation without a reflector was 673.8 (±214.2) W/m2 outside and 754.6 (±284.5) W/m2 inside the lean-to solar dehydrator during operation. The incident solar radiation in the collector ranged from 390.3 to 1156.0 W/m2, indicating higher levels at the tilt angle. The hourly average air temperatures outside and inside the solar dehydrator and solar collector during the experiment, respectively, were 30.7 (±2.3), 52.7 (±10.1), and 30.7 (±2.3), 79.7 (±26.9)°C for the salt treatment and 31.0 (±2.0), 55.1 (±15.3), and 31.0 (±2.0), 84.8 (±28.0)°C for the sugar treatment. Thus, the solar dehydrator and the solar collector raised the dehydrating air temperatures over the outside for the salt and sugar treatment by an average of 22.0, 49.0, 24.1, and 53.8ºC, respectively. The average hourly air-relative humidity inside the solar dehydrator was 33.5%, while outside was 47.2%. The pretreated tomatoes had an initial moisture content of 93.1% (w.b). The solar dehydrator's thermal efficiency was 72.21%, and its drying efficiency was 56.48%. Consequently, solar energy contributed 84.28 and 71.18% of the generated heating power. The solar dehydrator lost 15.72 and 28.82% of its remaining solar energy due to exhausted air. The solar dehydrator had a daily average energy of 59.375 kWh, and the heating power was 47.473 kWh during the experimental period (29 h).
  • DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A CONTINUOUS FLOW BIOCHAR UNIT USING RICE HUSK BIOMASS
    Hesham A. FARAG, Mohamed M. EL-KHOLY, Mahmoud OKASHA, Ahmed E. AZAB, Ahmed E. KHATER, et al.
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2024
    This study aims to develop and evaluate a locally manufactured carbonization unit with a screw conveyor. Various carbonization temperatures (350, 400, and 450°C) and feeding rates (50, 75, and 100 kg/h) were examined to determine optimal conditions for producing biochar from rice husk (RH). The results revealed that increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 350 to 450°C decreased RH biochar yield, while increasing the feeding rate from 50 to 100 kg/h increased it. Ash content was 22.4% at 350°C for 100 kg/h, and the maximum value was 31.4% at 450°C and 50 kg/h. The BET surface area of the biochar increased from 105.71 to 312.32 m2/g at 450°C, with slight non-significant changes at a 100 kg/h feed rate. RH biochar showed decreasing H and O values with higher temperatures and lower feed rates. RH biochar at 450°C and 50 kg/h showed increased macro porosity and surface area, rendering it suitable for agricultural application as a soil amendment.
  • Modification of the rice combine harvester for cutting and binding wheat crop
    Ahmed Khater, Osama Fouda, Gamal El-Termezy, Soha Abdel hamid, Mohamed El-Tantawy, et al.
    Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 2023
  • Assessment of Raisins Byproducts for Environmentally Sustainable Use and Value Addition
    Mahmoud Okasha, Rashad Hegazy, Reham M. Kamel
    Agriengineering, 2023
  • Analysis of the correlation between mesocarp biomechanics and its cell turgor pressure: A combined FEM-DEM investigation for irrigation-caused tomato cracking
    Dongdong Li, Ying Liu, Tobi Fadiji, Zhiguo Li, Mahmoud Okasha
    Journal of Texture Studies, 2023
  • Development and evaluation of a dual-purpose machine for chopping and crushing forage crops
    Hossam El Ghobashy, Yousry Shaban, Mahmoud Okasha, Solaf Abd El-Reheem, Mohamed Abdelgawad, et al.
    Heliyon, 2023
  • MANUFACTURE OF A DEVICE FOR PRUNING FRUIT BRANCHES
    Adel AL-GEZAWE, Mokhtar COTTB, Fatma ABD EL GAWAD, Mahmoud AWAD, Osama FOUDA, et al.
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2023
  • Prediction and optimizing the multiple responses of the overall energy efficiency (OEE) of a tractor-implement system using response surface methodology
    Mohammad Askari, Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Ebrahim Taghinezhad, Rashad Hegazy, Mahmoud Okasha
    Journal of Terramechanics, 2022
  • A combined machine for collecting and chopping rice straw
    Mahmoud Awad, Osama Fouda, Wael Fathy, Wael El Balkemy, Mohsen Egela, et al.
    Heliyon, 2022
  • INFLUENCE OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON THE MILLING QUALITY OF LONG-GRAIN WHITE RICE
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2022
  • A NEW SEED DRILL FOR PLANTING PEAS ON A RAISED-BED
    Inmateh Agricultural Engineering, 2022
  • Applying the response surface methodology (Rsm) approach to predict the tractive performance of an agricultural tractor during semi-deep tillage
    Mohammad Askari, Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Ebrahim Taghinezhad, Ahmed Mohamed El Shal, Rashad Hegazy, et al.
    Agriculture Switzerland, 2021