Epilepsy, EEG, Anti Seizure Medications, Neurohormones.
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Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Evaluating LLM Style Transfer Through Readability-Based Age Assessments Iwsds 2026 16th International Workshop on Spoken Dialogue Systems Technology Proceedings of the Conference, 2026
Ultra long-term EEG monitoring for developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: protocol for a prospective study using subscalp EEG Leonardo Affronte, Stefania Maffei, Mara Malerba, Giada Giovannini, Paolo Manganotti, Antonietta Coppola, Leonilda Bilo, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Marina Trivisano, Nicola Specchio, Stefano Meletti Clinical Neurophysiology Practice, 2026 Objective: Poor documentation of seizures can be a major challenge in epilepsy. Objective seizure counting with mobile devices might improve this challenge and the patient management. We investigate whether ultra long-term subcutaneous EEG improves seizure documentation and disease monitoring in adults and adolescents with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Methods: Ultra long-term subcutaneous EEG Monitoring In Rare Epilepsies and DEE (EMIRE) is a multi-centre prospective interventional study with an expected duration of 6 months. 33 Adolescents and adult participants will be implanted with 24/7 EEG SubQ and collect 2-channel EEG data up to 6 months. Data will be reviewed by experts on a weekly basis and a summary sent to the treating clinician. Results: (1) safety and tolerability of subcutaneous EEG in this special patient population; (2) seizure detection sensitivity and specificity with respect to patients' seizure-diaries and 'ground truth'; (3) whether and how home monitoring can affect the clinical management of the patients. Conclusions: This project will investigate home and remote patient monitoring systems, offering an accuracy that is unthinkable today. Significance: This trial of home monitoring is intended to be of clinical utility to the patient by allowing objective assessment of therapeutic interventions and their effectiveness.Plain language summary.We present a clinical trial protocol for a prospective cohort study in people with severe epilepsies across Italy. The study aims to assess whether an EEG implant placed under the skin (1) is more accurate than patient-reported seizure diary, (2) is feasible and acceptable to patients and clinicians, (3) affect the clinical management of the patients, (4) reduces the impact of epilepsy.
Clinical efficacy of low-dose Perampanel correlates with neurophysiological changes in familial adult myoclonus epilepsy 2 Antonietta Coppola, Claudia Cuccurullo, Gianmaria Senerchia, Marica Rubino, Liana Veneziano, Francesco Brancati, Luigi Baratto, Valentina Virginia Iuzzolino, Leonilda Bilo, Pasquale Striano, Raffaele Dubbioso Epilepsia Open, 2025 Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) management relies on antiseizure medications (ASMs), which inadequately address myoclonus and cortical tremor. This study evaluates Perampanel (PER), an AMPA‐receptor antagonist, for treating FAME symptoms. Fifteen FAME2 patients participated in an observational prospective study. They received up to 6 mg daily of PER and underwent Unified‐Myoclonus‐Rating‐Scale (UMRS) before and after treatment. Neurophysiological evaluations, including somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), assessed PER's impact on cortical glutamatergic excitatory and GABAergic inhibitory circuits. PER treatment significantly reduced UMRS total scores (p = 0.001) and action‐myoclonus subscores (p = 0.002), irrespective of disease duration, age at onset, or testing time (p >0.05). Patients with more severe baseline myoclonus demonstrated significant improvements. Neurophysiological assessments revealed a PER‐induced decrease in sensorimotor hyperexcitability, characterized by diminished N33 amplitudes, attenuated glutamatergic facilitation, and enhanced GABAergic inhibition in the motor cortex. In conclusion, low‐dose PER is well tolerated and effective in alleviating myoclonus in FAME2 patients, supported by its modulatory effects on glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal circuits.Plain Language Summary: This study investigated the effects of low‐dose perampanel in individuals with Familial Adult Myoclonus Epilepsy2 (FAME2), a hereditary condition characterized by epilepsy and tremors. Perampanel, an antiepileptic drug, blocks AMPA receptors in the brain, reducing excessive neural activity that causes seizures and abnormal movements. The results showed significant symptom improvement, which correlated with changes in brain activity as measured by neurophysiological tests. This study suggests that perampanel helps regulate abnormal brain signals and may help managing FAME2 symptoms.
Clinical features and genotype–phenotype correlations in epilepsy patients with de novo DYNC1H1 variants Claudia Cuccurullo, Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Lorenzo Ugga, Antonella Riva, Alessandra D'Amico, Sara Cabet, Gaetan Lesca, Leonilda Bilo, Federico Zara, Catrinel Iliescu, Diana Barca, France Fung, Katherine Helbig, Xilma Ortiz‐Gonzalez, Helenius J. Schelhaas, Marjolein H. Willemsen, Inge van der Linden, Laura Canafoglia, Carolina Courage, Samuele Gommaraschi, Pedro Gonzalez‐Alegre, Tanya Bardakjian, Steffen Syrbe, Elisabeth Schuler, Johannes R. Lemke, Stella Vari, Gitte Roende, Mads Bak, Mahbulul Huq, Zoe Powis, Katrine M. Johannesen, Trine Bjørg Hammer, Rikke S. Møller, Rachel Rabin, John Pappas, Mary L. Zupanc, Neda Zadeh, Julie Cohen, Sakkubai Naidu, Ilona Krey, Russell Saneto, Jenny Thies, Laura Licchetta, Paolo Tinuper, Francesca Bisulli, Raffaella Minardi, Allan Bayat, Nathalie Villeneuve, Florence Molinari, Hormos Salimi Dafsari, Birk Moller, Marie Le Roux, Clara Houdayer, Marilena Vecchi, Isabella Mammi, Elena Fiorini, Jacopo Proietti, Sofia Ferri, Gaetano Cantalupo, Domenica Immacolata Battaglia, Maria Luigia Gambardella, Ilaria Contaldo, Claudia Brogna, Marina Trivisano, Angela De Dominicis, Stefania Maria Bova, Elena Gardella, Pasquale Striano, Antonietta Coppola Epilepsia, 2024 ObjectiveDYNC1H1 variants are involved on a disease spectrum from neuromuscular disorders to neurodevelopmental disorders. DYNC1H1‐related epilepsy has been reported in small cohorts. We dissect the electroclinical features of 34 patients harboring de novo DYNC1H1 pathogenic variants, identify subphenotypes on the DYNC1H1‐related epilepsy spectrum, and compare the genotype–phenotype correlations observed in our cohort with the literature.MethodsPatients harboring de novo DYNC1H1 pathogenic variants were recruited through international collaborations. Clinical data were retrospectively collected. Latent class analysis was performed to identify subphenotypes. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association with DYNC1H1 protein domains.ResultsDYNC1H1‐related epilepsy presented with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) in 17 subjects (50%), and in 25% of these individuals the epileptic phenotype evolved into Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS). In 12 patients (35%), focal onset epilepsy was defined. In two patients, the epileptic phenotype consisted of generalized myoclonic epilepsy, with a progressive phenotype in one individual harboring a frameshift variant. In approximately 60% of our cohort, seizures were drug‐resistant. Malformations of cortical development were noticed in 79% of our patients, mostly on the lissencephaly–pachygyria spectrum, particularly with posterior predominance in a half of them. Midline and infratentorial abnormalities were additionally reported in 45% and 27% of subjects. We have identified three main classes of subphenotypes on the DYNC1H1‐related epilepsy spectrum.SignificanceWe propose a classification in which pathogenic de novo DYNC1H1 variants feature drug‐resistant IESS in half of cases with potential evolution to LGS (Class 1), developmental and epileptic encephalopathy other than IESS and LGS (Class 2), or less severe focal or genetic generalized epilepsy including a progressive phenotype (Class 3). We observed an association between stalk domain variants and Class 1 phenotypes. The variants p.Arg309His and p.Arg1962His were common and associated with Class 1 subphenotype in our cohort. These findings may aid genetic counseling of patients with DYNC1H1‐related epilepsy.
X-Linked Epilepsies: A Narrative Review Pia Bernardo, Claudia Cuccurullo, Marica Rubino, Gabriella De Vita, Gaetano Terrone, Leonilda Bilo, Antonietta Coppola International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024 X-linked epilepsies are a heterogeneous group of epileptic conditions, which often overlap with X-linked intellectual disability. To date, various X-linked genes responsible for epilepsy syndromes and/or developmental and epileptic encephalopathies have been recognized. The electro-clinical phenotype is well described for some genes in which epilepsy represents the core symptom, while less phenotypic details have been reported for other recently identified genes. In this review, we comprehensively describe the main features of both X-linked epileptic syndromes thoroughly characterized to date (PCDH19-related DEE, CDKL5-related DEE, MECP2-related disorders), forms of epilepsy related to X-linked neuronal migration disorders (e.g., ARX, DCX, FLNA) and DEEs associated with recently recognized genes (e.g., SLC9A6, SLC35A2, SYN1, ARHGEF9, ATP6AP2, IQSEC2, NEXMIF, PIGA, ALG13, FGF13, GRIA3, SMC1A). It is often difficult to suspect an X-linked mode of transmission in an epilepsy syndrome. Indeed, different models of X-linked inheritance and modifying factors, including epigenetic regulation and X-chromosome inactivation in females, may further complicate genotype–phenotype correlations. The purpose of this work is to provide an extensive and updated narrative review of X-linked epilepsies. This review could support clinicians in the genetic diagnosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy featuring X-linked inheritance.
Dissecting genetics of spectrum of epilepsies with eyelid myoclonia by exome sequencing Antonietta Coppola, S. Krithika, Michele Iacomino, Dheeraj Bobbili, Simona Balestrini, Irene Bagnasco, Leonilda Bilo, Daniela Buti, Susanna Casellato, Claudia Cuccurullo, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Costin Leu, Lucio Giordano, Giuseppe Gobbi, Laura Hernandez‐Hernandez, Nick Lench, Helena Martins, Stefano Meletti, Tullio Messana, Vincenzo Nigro, Michele Pinelli, Tommaso Pippucci, Ravishankara Bellampalli, Barbara Salis, Vito Sofia, Pasquale Striano, Salvatore Striano, Laura Tassi, Aglaia Vignoli, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Maurizio Viri, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Patrick May, Federico Zara, Sanjay M. Sisodiya Epilepsia, 2024 ObjectiveEpilepsy with eyelid myoclonia (EEM) spectrum is a generalized form of epilepsy characterized by eyelid myoclonia with or without absences, eye closure‐induced seizures with electroencephalographic paroxysms, and photosensitivity. Based on the specific clinical features, age at onset, and familial occurrence, a genetic cause has been postulated. Pathogenic variants in CHD2, SYNGAP1, NEXMIF, RORB, and GABRA1 have been reported in individuals with photosensitivity and eyelid myoclonia, but whether other genes are also involved, or a single gene is uniquely linked with EEM, or its subtypes, is not yet known. We aimed to dissect the genetic etiology of EEM.MethodsWe studied a cohort of 105 individuals by using whole exome sequencing. Individuals were divided into two groups: EEM− (isolated EEM) and EEM+ (EEM accompanied by intellectual disability [ID] or any other neurodevelopmental/psychiatric disorder).ResultsWe identified nine variants classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic in the entire cohort (8.57%); among these, eight (five in CHD2, one in NEXMIF, one in SYNGAP1, and one in TRIM8) were found in the EEM+ subcohort (28.57%). Only one variant (IFIH1) was found in the EEM− subcohort (1.29%); however, because the phenotype of the proband did not fit with published data, additional evidence is needed before considering IFIH1 variants and EEM− an established association. Burden analysis did not identify any single burdened gene or gene set.SignificanceOur results suggest that for EEM, as for many other epilepsies, the identification of a genetic cause is more likely with comorbid ID and/or other neurodevelopmental disorders. Pathogenic variants were mostly found in CHD2, and the association of CHD2 with EEM+ can now be considered a reasonable gene–disease association. We provide further evidence to strengthen the association of EEM+ with NEXMIF and SYNGAP1. Possible new associations between EEM+ and TRIM8, and EEM− and IFIH1, are also reported. Although we provide robust evidence for gene variants associated with EEM+, the core genetic etiology of EEM− remains to be elucidated.
Novel biallelic variants expand the phenotype of NAA20-related syndrome Gianluca D'Onofrio, Claudia Cuccurullo, Silje Kathrine Larsen, Mariasavina Severino, Alessandra D'Amico, Kirsten Brønstad, Mohammed AlOwain, Jennifer L. Morrison, Patricia G. Wheeler, Bryn D. Webb, Abdullah Alfalah, Michele Iacomino, Paolo Uva, Antonietta Coppola, Giuseppe Merla, Vincenzo Damiano Salpietro, Federico Zara, Pasquale Striano, Andrea Accogli, Thomas Arnesen, Leonilda Bilo Clinical Genetics, 2023 NAA20 is the catalytic subunit of the NatB complex, which is responsible for N-terminal acetylation of approximately 20% of the human proteome. Recently, pathogenic biallelic variants in NAA20 were associated with a novel neurodevelopmental disorder in five individuals with limited clinical information. We report two sisters harboring compound heterozygous variant (c.100C>T (p.Gln34Ter) and c.11T>C p.(Leu4Pro)) in the NAA20 gene, identified by exome sequencing. In vitro studies showed that the missense variant p.Leu4Pro resulted in a reduction of NAA20 catalytic activity due to weak coupling with the NatB auxiliary subunit. In addition, unpublished data of the previous families were reported, outlining the core phenotype of the NAA20-related disorder mostly characterized by cognitive impairment, microcephaly, ataxia, brain malformations, dysmorphism and variable occurrence of cardiac defect and epilepsy. Remarkably, our two patients featured epilepsy onset in adolescence suggesting this may be a part of syndrome evolution. Functional studies are needed to better understand the complexity of NAA20 variants pathogenesis as well as of other genes linked to N-terminal acetylation.
A solved puzzle: Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy is a new expansion repeats disorder Antonietta Coppola, Leonilda Bilo, Pasquale Striano Epilepsia, 2023 On the 27th–28th of May 2022, the International Workshop on Familial Adult Myoclonus Epilepsy (FAME) was held in Naples, Italy (Figure 1). The event was endorsed by the International League Against Epilepsy and supported by a European Joint Programme on Rare Disease grant. More than sixty international researchers gathered together to discuss this unusual and interesting epileptic disorder. This supplement reports the clinical and experimental characteristics of this condition described over the past 30 years under different acronyms (BAFME: benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy; ADCME: autosomal dominant cortical myoclonus and epilepsy; FCMTE: familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy),1 which were presented and discussed during the workshop. For consistency, we will use the acronym “FAME” throughout the supplement. The prevalence is not established yet, as this condition is often underrecognized, but it is estimated to be <1/35 000.2 Its diffusion and disease history across the world have been reviewed by Berkovic et al.3 This condition is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner and is characterized by the occurrence of cortical myoclonic tremor, overt myoclonus, and rare bilateral tonic–clonic seizures. FAME is considered a neurodegenerative condition, although it is relatively slow in progression, as discussed by Giraldez et al.4 The diagnosis is based on specific neurophysiological testing, namely jerk-locked back-averaging, somatosensory evoked potentials, long-latency reflex, and motor evoked potentials, among others. A review of the neurophysiological findings has been discussed by Dubbioso et al.5 Imaging data, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, indicates a cortical origin of the cortical myoclonic tremor and decreased cerebellar activation.6 Interestingly, cerebellar changes indicating changes in Purkinje cells emerged from few neuropathology reports, in patients from isolated pedigrees. These data have been reviewed by Van Rootselaar et al.7 The differential diagnosis may be challenging and should consider some forms of genetic generalized epilepsy and progressive myoclonus epilepsies. This topic is discussed by Baykan et al.8 The genetic cause of FAME has long remained elusive, but recently it has been identified for the four main geographical aggregates and consists of an intronic repeat pentameric expansion occurring in different genes and still causing an overlapping phenotype across the world. Although their protein products have different functions, the underlying pathogenic mechanism is likely the same. These aspects are discussed by Corbett et al.9 and Silveira et al.10 FAME treatment is so far symptomatic and often elusive, as discussed by Coppola et al.11 Elucidating the pathogenesis of this condition is essential to provide further insight into therapeutic options aiming at precision medicine that would not be possible otherwise.12 We heartily thank Dr. Mike Sperling, Editor of Epilepsia, for the generous offer to publish this supplement issue, which may serve as a helpful guide for epileptologists as well as for medical students and residents who want to learn more about the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and potential treatment of this intriguing epileptic disorder. This communication was part of the International Workshop on Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy, held in Naples (Italy) on May 27–28, 2022. This networking event has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under EJP RD COFUND-EJP No. 825 575. Open Access Funding provided by Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. None of the authors has any conflict of interest to disclose. We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines.
Current treatment options for familial adult myoclonus epilepsy Antonietta Coppola, Raffaele Dubbioso, Claudia Cuccurullo, Laura Licchetta, Mar Carreno, Edouard Hirsch, Leonilda Bilo Epilepsia, 2023 Familial Adult Myoclonus Epilepsy (FAME) is a genetic condition characterized by the occurrence of cortical tremor, myoclonus and epilepsy. To date, there is neither a curative nor a preventive treatment for FAME. Indeed, clinical management is essentially symptomatic and based on antiseizure medications (ASMs). The choice of the correct therapeutic option is limited to ASMs that have both an antiseizure and anti-myoclonic effect such as valproate (VPA), levetiracetam (LEV), benzodiazepines (BDZs) and perampanel (PER). However, these medications well control seizures while having a limited effect on myoclonus and cortical tremor. In addition, many ASMs including sodium channel blockers and gabapentin are contraindicated in this condition. The ideal therapeutic option would be a precision treatment able to revert the genetic defect underlying it. Nevertheless, this does not seem to be an option available shortly.
Hydranencephaly in CENPJ-related Seckel syndrome Claudia Cuccurullo, Giuseppina Miele, Gianluca Piccolo, Leonilda Bilo, Andrea Accogli, Alessandra D'Amico, Mario Fratta, Sara Guerrisi, Michele Iacomino, Vincenzo Salpietro, Lorenzo Ugga, Pasquale Striano, Antonietta Coppola European Journal of Medical Genetics, 2022
Status epilepticus in pregnancy: a literature review and a protocol proposal Roberta Roberti, Morena Rocca, Luigi Francesco Iannone, Sara Gasparini, Angelo Pascarella, Sabrina Neri, Vittoria Cianci, Leonilda Bilo, Emilio Russo, Paola Quaresima, Umberto Aguglia, Costantino Di Carlo, Edoardo Ferlazzo Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2022
Predictive factors of Status Epilepticus and its recurrence in patients with adult–onset seizures: A multicenter, long follow–up cohort study Sara Gasparini, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Gianluigi Gigli, Giada Pauletto, Annacarmen Nilo, Christian Lettieri, Leonilda Bilo, Angelo Labate, Francesco Fortunato, Claudia Varrasi, Roberto Cantello, Alfredo D'Aniello, Giancarlo Di Gennaro, Giuseppe d'Orsi, Annarita Sabetta, Maria T. Di Claudio, Carlo Avolio, Fedele Dono, Giacomo Evangelista, Salvatore M. Cavalli, Vittoria Cianci, Michele Ascoli, Giovanni Mastroianni, Concetta Lobianco, Sabrina Neri, Sergio Mercuri, Anna Mammì, Antonio Gambardella, Ettore Beghi, Claudia Torino, Giovanni Tripepi, Umberto Aguglia Seizure, 2021
TBC1D24 genotype-phenotype correlation Simona Balestrini, Mathieu Milh, Claudia Castiglioni, Kevin Lüthy, Mattea J. Finelli, Patrik Verstreken, Aaron Cardon, Barbara Gnidovec Stražišar, J. Lloyd Holder, Gaetan Lesca, Maria M. Mancardi, Anne L. Poulat, Gabriela M. Repetto, Siddharth Banka, Leonilda Bilo, Laura E. Birkeland, Friedrich Bosch, Knut Brockmann, J. Helen Cross, Diane Doummar, Temis M. Félix, Fabienne Giuliano, Mutsuki Hori, Irina Hüning, Hulia Kayserili, Usha Kini, Melissa M. Lees, Girish Meenakshi, Leena Mewasingh, Alistair T. Pagnamenta, Silvio Peluso, Antje Mey, Gregory M. Rice, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Jenny C. Taylor, Matthew M. Troester, Christine M. Stanley, Dorothee Ville, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Antonio Falace, Anna Fassio, Johannes R. Lemke, Saskia Biskup, Jessica Tardif, Norbert F. Ajeawung, Aslihan Tolun, Mark Corbett, Jozef Gecz, Zaid Afawi, Katherine B. Howell, Karen L. Oliver, Samuel F. Berkovic, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Fabrizio A. de Falco, Peter L. Oliver, Pasquale Striano, Federico Zara, Phillipe M. Campeau, S.M. Sisodiya Neurology, 2016
Ionic homeostasis in brain conditioning Ornella Cuomo, Antonio Vinciguerra, Pierpaolo Cerullo, Serenella Anzilotti, Paola Brancaccio, Leonilda Bilo, Antonella Scorziello, Pasquale Molinaro, Gianfranco Di Renzo, Giuseppe Pignataro Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2015
PDCD10 gene mutations in multiple cerebral cavernous malformations Maria Sole Cigoli, Francesca Avemaria, Stefano De Benedetti, Giovanni P. Gesu, Lucio Giordano Accorsi, Stefano Parmigiani, Maria Franca Corona, Valeria Capra, Andrea Mosca, Simona Giovannini, Francesca Notturno, Fausta Ciccocioppo, Lilia Volpi, Margherita Estienne, Giuseppe De Michele, Antonella Antenora, Leda Bilo, Antonietta Tavoni, Nelia Zamponi, Enrico Alfei, Giovanni Baranello, Daria Riva, Silvana Penco Plos One, 2014
The role of dural sinus stenosis in idiopathic intracranial hypertension pathogenesis: The self-limiting venous collapse feedback-loop model Panminerva Medica, 2014
Linkage exclusion in Italian families with hereditary essential tremor A. Novelletto, R. Gulli, P. Ciotti, C. Vitale, P. Malaspina, P. Blasi, T. Pippucci, M. Seri, A. Cozzolino, L. Bilo, G. Abbruzzese, P. Martinelli, E. Bellone, P. Barone, P. Mandich European Journal of Neurology, 2011
Complex phenotype in an Italian family with a novel mutation in SPG3A Maria Fulvia Leva, Alessandro Filla, Chiara Criscuolo, Alessandra Tessa, Sabina Pappatà, Mario Quarantelli, Leonilda Bilo, Silvio Peluso, Antonella Antenora, Dario Longo, Filippo M. Santorelli, Giuseppe Michele Journal of Neurology, 2010
Neuroimaging follow-up in a case of Rasmussen's encephalitis with dyskinesias Maria Fulvia de Leva, Andrea Varrone, Alessandro Filla, Mario Quarantelli, Leonilda Bilo, Valeria Piscitelli, Elena Salvatore, Sara Ammendola, Salvatore Striano, Giuseppe de Michele, Vincenzo Bonavita, Sabina Pappatà Movement Disorders, 2007
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