Beyond the standard: Rethinking Likert scale use in measuring patient satisfaction at public health center in Indonesia Adila Kasni Astiena, Yudiantri Asdi, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna Journal of Public Health Research, 2026 Background: Patient satisfaction surveys in Indonesian public health centers use a four-point Likert scale mandated by the Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform (PERMENPAN-RB), which may restrict sensitivity and accuracy. Internationally, broader Likert scales commonly five or seven-point—are widely used to obtain more nuanced responses and have been shown to improve reliability, validity, and cross-cultural comparability of patient-reported outcomes. Aligning Indonesian practices with these standards enhances measurement precision and facilitates benchmarking against global indicators. Accurate measurement of patient satisfaction is critical for benchmarking health service quality worldwide. This study aimed to develop a predictive model that generates scores on a seven-point Likert scale based on responses originally measured using a four-point format. Design and Method: This cross-sectional study surveyed 200 outpatients from 2 Public Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Padang City, measuring satisfaction with four- and seven-point Likert scales simultaneously. Regression analysis developed a predictive model converting four-point scores into seven-point equivalents. Results: The seven-point scale produced higher satisfaction and performance scores. A strong correlation ( r = 0.7573) and significant regression model ( p = 0.0001) were found, with Y = 33.96 + 0.656X, explaining 57.3% of the variance. Conclusion: The seven-point scale provides a more accurate measure of patient satisfaction. The regression model enables conversion of existing four-point data, supporting more precise assessment of patient satisfaction and service quality, and informing evaluation and policy decisions.
DISTRIBUTION OF IRON SAND BASED ON SUSCEPTIBILITY VALUES IN ULAKAN TAPAKIS, PADANG PARIAMAN, WEST SUMATRA Malaysian Journal of Microscopy, 2025
Environmental-Based Supply Chain Integration for the Development of Carrageenan Production Centers in Laikang Village Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province Leffy Hermalena, Melinda Noer, Novizar Nazir, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 2025 The rapidly growing seaweed farming contributes to food, feed, biofuel, and biochemicals, with Indonesia being the largest exporter of raw seaweed (53.35%) but low in carrageenan derivative products (4.49%). Sustainable farming supports SDG 13 and SDG 14 through emission reduction, marine ecosystem conservation, and increased biodiversity. However, its supply chain faces challenges in raw material availability, such as fluctuating harvests, inconsistent quality, limited logistics infrastructure, and market price volatility. Therefore, good environmental management is needed to optimize raw materials in carrageenan production through resource efficiency, environmentally friendly products, environmental regulations, and market and stakeholder awareness. This study identifies factors in the environment-based supply chain that influence the development of carrageenan production centers and analyzes their ecological impacts using quantitative SEM analysis. SEM analysis reveals that resource efficiency, waste management, environmental regulations, and stakeholder awareness and commitment are the main influencing factors. shows significant factors including raw material efficiency, waste management, and environmental regulations. Environmentally based supply chain integration for the development of carrageenan production center areas can be done by; focusing on sustainability and minimal environmental impact, support for achieving SDG 12, 13, and 14, strategies for sustainable raw material management, circular economy, sustainability certification, renewable energy and environmentally friendly technology, and stakeholder collaboration and awareness.
Analysis of Stakeholder Collaboration in Local Rice Seed Governance in West Sumatra: Fuzzy Delphi Approach to Improve Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture - Masruri, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna, Irfan Suliansyah, - Henmaidi International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 2025 Local rice seeds are crucial to Indonesia's food security and agricultural sustainability, especially in West Sumatra. Seed management has yet to achieve seed independence, hindering the development of breeders and seed users. Overcoming this requires collaboration between stakeholders because locals can take collective responsibility and build trust in the Government through collaborative seed governance. This study introduces the concept of assessing the level of collaboration between stakeholders to analyze the stages of cooperation currently occurring in the governance of local rice seeds in West Sumatra. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The study involved interviews with experts and a literature review, identifying 14 indicators influencing collaboration in seed governance. After validation by 5 (five) Experts, 13 (thirteen) indicators were obtained for further analysis using the Fuzzy Delphi, which was applied through a questionnaire distributed to 30 (thirty) informants representing stakeholders in five Regencies/Cities selected purposively in West Sumatra Province. The results were analyzed using a Likert scale and converted to fuzzy logic. These indicators are categorized into 5 (five) characteristics of collaboration. This study found that the level of collaboration between stakeholders is at the "cooperation" stage, which shows a significant lack of effectiveness in the interaction between stakeholders. This study offers valuable insights for stakeholders to enhance the collaborative process of local rice seed management, thereby achieving food security and sustainable agriculture.
SUPPLY CHAIN CONCEPTUAL MODEL TO OPTIMIZE A LOCAL FOOD AGROINDUSTRY FROM THE COCONUT MILK PROCESSING Meilizar Meilizar, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna, Santosa Santosa, Nofialdi Nofialdi Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science, 2024 This study uses a soft system methodology to examine the coconut milk supply chain, which supports the local food agro-industry, particularly for rendang products. It aims to develop a fundamental concept to optimize this supply chain. The proposed method is effective for addressing complex, multi-stakeholder problems. Using systems thinking, real-world system behaviour is converted into a conceptual model, facilitating decision-making through customer, actor, transformation, worldview, owner, and environment components. The findings include a conceptual model translated into a causal loop diagram, part of a dynamic systems approach, which shows the interconnections and feedbacks among variables in the supply chain, such as raw material supply, logistics costs, production volume, and distribution costs. This stage identifies stakeholders and systematically illustrates the relationships in managing the flow of goods. It provides a basis for designing a supply chain network aligned with local government policies for developing the coconut milk agro-industry. It aims to optimize the local food industry, particularly rendang, in West Sumatra province. After creating the conceptual model, gap analysis and validation were conducted, comparing the model with real-world insights from stakeholders, including coconut farmers, producers, rendang manufacturers, academic institutions, and local governments. Validation focused on efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness. The results demonstrate the foundational idea for designing the coconut milk agro-industry supply chain network to support local food products, as depicted in the causal loop diagram.
Utilization of IoT and database system of central warehouse project in the pharmaceutical industry Edi Susanto, Alvindra Pratama, Dwi Novirani, Mugi Praseptiawan, Mira Musrini Barmawi, et al. Review of Computer Engineering Research, 2024 This study aims to develop an MRPII device that utilizes internet technology for inventory management control processes, using case studies from pharmacutical companies in Indonesia. The research was conducted using field observation methods and system development, then comparing the manual system and MRPII. An internet-based inventory management system was created by integrating the warehouse’s material database into each material code via a QR. code. The study found that implementing the MRP II system design increases work effectiveness and reduces the risk of errors that frequently occur in conventional systems. Moreover, using the MRPII can facilitate the audit process and establish transparency in the inventory management process. Data processed using IoT is generated faster and more accurately as company operations improve quality, reduce unnecessary activities, and make it easier to organize materials and run administrative and technical processes in inventory management; it is measured based on reach, workforce requirements, supply, and handling time. In the industrial world, the MRPII database system has the potential to evolve into several more complex and comprehensive systems. It has broad integration and can assist humans working across all lines, particularly in the data processing system.
Critical factors determination for quality improvement of patchouli oil in West Pasaman Regency Dina Rahmayanti, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna, Putri Alani Larasati, Hafizh Ahmad Aip Conference Proceedings, 2024 Patchouli oil is one type of essential oil, a substance obtained from the extraction of the stems and leaves of the patchouli plant. Based on the spatial plan for the West Sumatera region in 2012-2032, patchouli oil is a leading industry that should develop. West Pasaman Regency is the central area of a patchouli oil producer. However, based on previous research data, it is known that the quality of patchouli oil in the West Pasaman Regency is not following the standards and even rejected by the exporter. This condition certainly affects the value of exports and Indonesia's position as a world essential oil producer. Various factors influence the quality of patchouli oil decrease. SNI has set the quality standard of patchouli oil, but the quality standard of patchouli oil in each supply chain actor is different. This study aims to determine the recommendation of improving the patchouli oil quality based on the critical factors, starting with determining the quality standard of patchouli oil according to the exporter. The factors get from literature studies, interviews, and questionnaires with patchouli oil's supply chain actors and expert's perspectives. The fuzzy AHP method is used to determine the factors that most influence the quality of patchouli oil, and the TRIZ method is used to determine the recommendations for improving the quality of patchouli oil based on the critical factors. The results of this study will be an initial recommendation for improving the quality of patchouli oil. Based on the research results, the factors and sub-factors that affect the quality of patchouli oil in the West Pasaman Regency, there are four factors with 20 sub-factors. The level of factors that affect the quality of patchouli oil sequentially is the distillation process (weight 0.453), drying process (weight 0.208), packaging and storage (weight 0.180), and harvesting process (weight 0.160). The more high-value state, the more factor or subfactor affects the quality and vice versa. At the same time, the factors that most influence the quality of each factor are the age of harvest, drying method, length of time for the distillation process, and not being in contact with air. Critical factors and subfactors get recommendations for improvement by the TRIZ principle, and based on problems in the field such as the use of dark glass bottles, jugs, HDPE plastic canisters for patchouli oil packaging, the drying process is carried out by hanging patchouli with wind dry method, using Pogostemon cablin seeds from trusted sources, sorting the patchouli by seeing and touching the leaves, counseling for patchouli farmers to recognize the distillation process, underground oil storage, and use a timer for the accuracy of the distillation process.
The utilisation of IJAH analytics in determining the main superior medicinal plant derivatives as an effort for equitable community welfare and regional development Tropical Agriculture, 2022
