Numerical study of AC loss and H-formulation for high temperature superconductors S Revathi and B Garkki IOP Publishing Abstract The high-temperature superconductor (HTS) plays a crucial role in power grids due to its ability to carry high current densities and withstand strong magnetic fields, making it ideal for applications like superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). However, integrating SMES systems with the grid introduces challenges, particularly regarding the generation of AC losses during cyclic operations, which can lead to temperature increases in HTS tape. This article presents a method for calculating AC losses and determining the magnetic field formulation at the critical state of HTS using numerical techniques. The study focuses on analyzing the charging and discharging operations of a grid-integrated SMES system based on silicon-controlled rectifiers. Additionally, the critical current of the HTS tape is determined using the four-probe method to characterize its I-V characteristics.
Design of Content-Addressable Memory for Big Data Applications Using 18nm FINFET Technology Malathi D, Saranya M D, Ponmurugan P, Revathi S, Kavin Kumar K, and Malavika S IEEE This study provides an innovative method to construct a 4x4 Binary Content Addressable Memory (CAM) with the integration of Split Rail Charge Recovery Logic (SRCL), an Adiabatic logic. The proposed design leverages the benefits of Split Charge Recovery logic to achieve enhanced energy efficiency and reduced power dissipation during computational operations. The 18nm technology node is employed to capitalize on the advancements in semiconductor manufacturing, enabling compact and efficient integration of the CAM cells. The core of the design features a 4x4 matrix CAM structure, providing the capability to store and retrieve binary data based on content rather than traditional memory addresses for big data application. By applying Split Rail Charge Recovery Logic (SCRL) and making several architectural modifications, the 4x4 SCRL Binary CAM shows considerable gains in power efficiency, with an average dynamic power decrease of 39% and an average static power fall of 20%. The integration of Split Rail Charge Recovery Logic (SCRL) ensures charge management during logic transitions, contributing to lower overall power consumption and improved performance.
Healing and Preventing Trees from Beetles Usingpesticides G Pradeepkumar, M Prabu, Manimuthu Ayyannan, V G Pratheep, S Revathi, and Neelam Sanjeev Kumar IEEE The Indian way of life is extremely dependent on wildlife. Trees and their impact on products are critical to the economy and societal advancement. These trees are also impacted by species such as beetles during their growing season. Take, for example, banana trees, which are susceptible to beetle infestation. This banana tree is vulnerable to beetle infestation at any time during its life. It is most common during childhood. This can be harmful to the tree’s health and shorten its life span in comparison to the average. Pesticides for killing beetles are available on the market, but they must be applied manually to the affected area each time. Some farmers may fail due to the difficulty of repeatedly climbing to apply pesticide to a specific infected area; this method must be used for a specific period of time. Furthermore, pesticides differ depending on the type of beetle, making it difficult for the farmer to select the appropriate pesticide for the correct beetle. Cosmopolites sordidus is a 12 mm long insect that feeds on banana trees. As a result, a syringe-like structured beetle killer was created. The syringe can be loaded with any pesticide and then injected into the affected tree. Another goal is to reduce manpower and 24/7 monitoring.
Dynamic Analysis of Current Loops in a Wind Turbine based on Doubly fed Induction Generator Garkki B and Revathi S IEEE Modeling and dynamic analysis of current loop actions for doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) is presented in this paper. The stator of a variable speed DFIG WT is connected directly to the grid and the rotor through the back to back converter. To reduce the complexity, each subsystem is modeled individually to get a wind turbine model. The maximum power is extracted using the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) design and for the decoupled control of active and reactive power, the PWM method is used. The grid side converter (GSC) controls the DC bus voltage by applying a vector control approach. This paper aims to validate the theoretical model using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Distributed MPPT Configuration for Improving Solar Energy Production A. Sheela, T. Logeswaran, S. Revathi, and K. Rajalakshmi IEEE Photovoltaic (PV) energy is becoming a more common way to produce clean, renewable energy. The PV modules with lengthy strings will be affected for the shading effects, resulting in a huge decrease in the final output power. To counter this, distributed maximum power point monitoring has been suggested, in which individual DC-DC converters are connected to a central DC-DC converter in which each PV module to get the most power out of it. To achieve the opti-mum power output, Distributed MPPT (DMPPT) is used and it compensates for shading effects and module mismatching issues.
Design and development of portable stand-alone solar power generator
Strategy for flawless transfer of islanded and grid connected modes with modifed droop controller Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Engineering and Sciences Publication - BEIESP Technical advances in power electronics and generation capabilities have made the possibility of Distributed Generation (DG) systems. A microgrid is an effective division of a distributed generation system which is analysed by its capability of its operation both as a grid connected and isolated condition. All independent sources operate separately when the main grid is capable of supporting voltage. In case of islanded mode, dynamics is greatly influenced by the connected sources and on the power handling ability. Control of power interfaced converters is of major concern in both the modes of operation. In grid connected mode of operation, the current of the voltage developed needs to be controlled whereas, in Isolated condition, building of voltage is required.In the islanded mode of operation, all the resources in a microgrid should be controlled in coordination with each other so that a stable and a balanced three-phase sinusoidal voltage is obtained. Conventional droop controller is modified for accurate sharing among power converters even when the measured voltage and frequency of the inverters are not the same. Droop coefficients are estimated so that power sharing is more accurate for the respective changes in the power values. They also enable the flawless transfer of the operation mode from islanded to grid connected or vice versa
Cyber Risks Assessment for Intelligent and Non-Intelligent Attacks in Power System A. Sheela, S. Revathi, and Atif Iqbal IEEE Smart power grid is a perfect model of Cyber Physical System (CPS) which is an important component for a comfortable life. The major concern of the electrical network is safety and reliable operation. A cyber attacker in the operation of power system would create a major damage to the entire power system structure and affect the continuity of the power supply by adversely changing its parameters. A risk assessment method is presented for evaluating the cyber security assessment of power systems taking into consideration the need for protection systems. The paper considers the impact of bus and transmission line protection systems located in substations on the cyber physical performance of power systems. The proposed method is to simulate the response of power systems to sudden attacks on various power system preset value and parameters. This paper focuses on the cyber attacks which occur in a co-ordinated way so that many power system components will be in risk. The risk can be modelled as the combined probability of power system impact due to attacks and of successful interruption into the system. Stochastic Petri Nets is employed for assessing the risks. The effectiveness of the proposed cyber security risk assessment method is simulated for a IEEE39 bus system.
Climate control in greenhouse using intelligent control algorithms Revathi S, Radhakrishnan T K, and Sivakumaran N IEEE Greenhouse climate control problem has received considerable attention in agriculture engineering research. The greater part of accomplishing ensured farming within the greenhouse environment is achieved by controlling the temperature and relative humidity. As the result of process dead times and extreme interdependence of these parameters, the control problem is classified to be non-linear and multivariable. With the advances in intelligent control systems, more and more decisions involved in greenhouse control can be automated. Thus, more emphasis can be placed on emulating the abilities of the expert operator. In this paper, intelligent and non-intelligent control techniques for addressing the problem of automated climate control in a greenhouse are investigated. These include proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and Linear-Quadratic regulator (LQR) as a ‘non-intelligent’ technique and fuzzy PID and fuzzy immune PID as ‘intelligent’ technique. The new study is made for implementing the nonlinear fuzzy immune PID controller for greenhouse climate control. This controller has a simple structure and its parameters can be conveniently adjusted. It consists of a PID controller and a basic immune proportional controller in cascaded connection, the nonlinear function of the immune proportional controller is realized using fuzzy reasoning. Thus, controller parameters are adjusted online by the rules of immune feedback controller and fuzzy controller. The simulation results are compared for the effectiveness and applicability to greenhouse environmental problem.