Spirituality and Age as Determinants of Self-Efficacy in Tuberculosis Patients: A SEM-PLS Approach Chilyatiz Zahroh, Umdatus Soleha, Nur Ainiyah, Eppy Setiyowati, Ardianti Ardianti, Difran Nobel Bistara, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Alva Cherry Mustamu Natural Resources for Human Health, 2026 Self-efficacy is a key determinant of adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment, yet its psychosocial and spiritual dimensions remain underexplored in low-income industrial urban settings. This study examined the determinants of self-efficacy among TB patients in East Surabaya, Indonesia, focusing on the role of spirituality and age. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 62 pulmonary TB patients selected by simple random sampling from community health centers in industrial districts. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire covering sociodemographic, spiritual, social, environmental, and health system factors. Structural equation modeling-partial least squares was employed to test hypothesized associations. The model demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability. Results revealed that spirituality had the strongest positive influence on self-efficacy (β = 0.492, p < 0.001), while age was negatively associated (β = –0.245, p = 0.019). Social support, environmental conditions, and health system factors did not significantly affect self-efficacy. The final model explained 40.3% of the variance in self-efficacy (R² = 0.403). These findings highlight that spiritual beliefs and younger age are significant predictors of treatment confidence among TB patients in industrial urban environments. Incorporating spiritual care, faith-based counseling, and age-sensitive communication into TB programs may strengthen patients’ ability to complete therapy. Public health strategies in industrial areas should therefore integrate psychosocial and spiritual interventions alongside biomedical care to enhance adherence and treatment outcomes.
Prevention of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei)’s Ethanol Extract Muhamad Khafid, Dyah Ika Krisnawati, Erika Martining Wardani, Dwi Rahayu, Eppy Setiyowati, Rusdianingseh Trends in Immunotherapy, 2025 Cigarette smoke (CS) contains a complex combination of thousands of different chemicals that increase oxidative stress. Inhaling CS causes an inflammatory response, which leads to several diseases linked to tobacco. Ashitaba has various derivatives that serve as intermediates in the biosynthesis of one type of bioactive flavonoid antioxidant, which is thought to neutralize oxidative stress events. Ashitaba has also been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation, exhibit vasorelaxant effects, and suppress the differentiation of preadipocytes. Safety studies indicate that administering ashitaba chalcone orally to male Wistar rats for 28 days showed no signs of toxicity. Similarly, gavage administration of ashitaba extract in male ICR mice demonstrated safe absorption and metabolism of 4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol without adverse effects. Additionally, a related compound, xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone found in hops, was given to female BALB/c mice at approximately 1000 mg/kg daily for three weeks without toxic effects. This study proves that Ashitaba contains antioxidants that can help prevent oxidative stress and inflammation induced by CS. Flavonoids isolated from ashitaba were found to have a flavonoid content of 38.115 ± 0.124 ppm, which was then implemented in in-vivo studies The ability of these antioxidants to decrease the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in rat blood serum and lung tissue after exposure to CS was investigated. In this study, we isolated flavonoids from ashitaba and obtained a flavonoid, then implemented it for in vivo studies, and the ability of antioxidants in Angelica keiskei to prevent inflammatory events was proved.
Benson’s spiritual relaxation and lavender aromatherapy toward anxiety, sleep quality, and blood pressure Eppy Setiyowati, Umdatus Soleha, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Muhammad Basuni Healthcare in Low Resource Settings, 2025 Anxiety caused by illness is one of the factors contributing to elevated hypertension across all age groups. Therefore, in addition to pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological therapy is essential to reduce anxiety, lower blood pressure, and improve sleep quality in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Benson's spiritual relaxation and lavender aromatherapy on anxiety, sleep quality, and blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group approach. The population consisted of 97 hypertensive patients at the Indonesian National Army-Navy Hospital, with a sample size of 44 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables were Benson's spiritual relaxation and lavender aromatherapy, while the dependent variables were anxiety, sleep quality, and blood pressure. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis with a significance level of <0.05. The results indicated a significant effect of Benson's spiritual relaxation and lavender aromatherapy on anxiety (p=0.000), sleep quality (p=0.000), systolic blood pressure (p=0.000), and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.000). These techniques are simple to implement, making them a viable nursing intervention in inpatient settings and contributing to nursing science development in hospitals.
Monitoring medication adherence using smart digital technology in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis Eppy Setiyowati, Firdaus Firdaus, Erika Martining Wardani, Mulyadi Mulyadi Healthcare in Low Resource Settings, 2024 Pulmonary tuberculosis cases can arise due to various factors, including treatment fatigue resulting from prolonged therapy, insufficient patient knowledge about the condition, geographical distance between patients’ residences and healthcare facilities, a lack of reminders from healthcare workers regarding medication adherence, and the perception that treatment provided at community health centers may be inadequate. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of digital smart applications in enhancing medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Utilizing a trial survey approach, the research focused on patients seeking treatment at the Surabaya Community Health Center. Smart digital applications were employed to monitor medication adherence, with patients inputting their data via cell phones. The study recorded data over one month and found that while some patients struggled to operationalize the smart digital application, many were able to utilize it effectively. Overall, the findings suggest that smart digital applications can be valuable tools for monitoring medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients, particularly for older adults.
Smartphone Addiction Screening Application Development Based on Android: A Preeliminary Study Nety Mawarda Hatmanti, Yurike Septianingrum, Andikawati Fitriasari, Erika Martining Wardani, Eppy Setiyowati E3s Web of Conferences, 2024 The growing and increasing pattern of smartphone use in life from just a communication tool to an entertainment tool makes someone use a smartphone excessively. Excessive use of smartphones if not addressed immediately can have an impact on various disorders ranging from physical, psychological and social disorders. The purpose of this study was to produce an Android-based smartphone addiction screening application and to describe the quality of an Android-based smartphone addiction screening application. This research belongs to the type of Research & Development (R&D). The model used is the Dick & Carey model where the implementation of the developer includes data collection, planning and product development stages. At the data collection stage, 3 (three) were obtained, namely data on family members, smartphone use and complaints experienced and the smartphone addiction scale short version (SAS-SV) questionnaire. In the second stage, namely planning, researchers began to incorporate into an android-based application and develop it to be able to draw conclusions from filling out the questionnaire. Conclusions from filling in include demographic data, physical, psychological and social complaints and dependency categories. It is hoped that this application can be tested on the community, especially families, to measure the validity and reliability and then use it as an online measuring tool.
ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL DEMOGRAPHY, BEHAVIORAL HYGIENE, BREAST MILK, AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH DIARRHEA IN SURABAYA CITY Firdaus, Wesiana Heris Santy, Eppy Setiyowati, Rahmadaniar Aditya Putri, Siti Damawiyah Revista De Gestao Social E Ambiental, 2024 Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of social demographics, personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and nutritional status on the incidence of diarrhea among children. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing and improving the quality of health services, particularly in reducing child mortality rates associated with diarrhea. Methods: The research employed an explanatory survey research design, aimed at exploring new insights, identifying relationships between phenomena, and understanding the reasons behind certain events. Approval for data collection was obtained from the Candel Surabaya's ethics committee. Data were gathered from the Wonokromo sub-district in Surabaya in June 2023, with a sample size ranging from 300 to 400, selected through purposive sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to mothers attending Posyandu in Wonokromo village, and data were analyzed univariately using logistic regression. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis revealed several significant findings. Ethnicity and the number of children were found to have no significant effect on the incidence of diarrhea (p-value = 0.322 and p-value = 0.930, respectively). However, factors such as mother's age (p-value = 0.021), education (p-value = 0.000), employment (p-value = 0.000), income (p-value = 0.000), child's age (p-value = 0.000), gender (p-value = 0.019), personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000), breastfeeding (p-value = 0.000), and nutritional status (p-value = 0.000) were significantly associated with the incidence of diarrhea. These results suggest that social demographics and personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and nutritional status play significant roles in influencing diarrhea occurrence among children. Implications of the Research: The findings of this study carry important implications for public health interventions. It underscores the necessity of promoting healthy lifestyle practices among parents, particularly mothers, to mitigate the incidence of diarrhea in children. Improving education, employment opportunities, income levels, and access to healthcare services can contribute to better health outcomes for children. Additionally, emphasizing the importance of personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and maintaining adequate nutritional status can significantly reduce the risk of diarrhea. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the specific factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea among children in a particular setting. By elucidating the significance of social demographics and various health-related practices, this study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and community stakeholders to develop targeted interventions aimed at reducing child morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea.
MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE SLEEP QUALITY AMONG INDONESIAN FARMERS Nur Hidaayah, Binti Nur Kholifah, Eppy Setiyowati, Wesiana Heris Santi, Lilik Supriati, Iswatun Revista De Gestao Social E Ambiental, 2024 Background: Poor sleep quality is usually experienced by someone with quite heavy activities such as farmers who have to get up early to go to the fields, plants and harvest rice. This study aims to analyze mental health and psychosocial factors that influence the sleep quality of Indonesian farmers. Methods: This study uses analytic correlation with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this research is 84 farmers from 107 populations. Sampling using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Retrieval of data using a questionnaire. The variables are age, gender, health status, medication, lifestyle, stress level and environment. Sleep quality data were obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and data analysis using the chi-square statistical test . Result: The results showed that in the variables of health status (p = 0.000), environment ( p= 0.000), age (p= 0.002), drugs use (p = 0.006), stress level (p= 0.028), then gender (p= 0.8) and lifestyle (p= 0.063). So, it can be concluded that quality has the most influence, namely health status, environment, medicines, and stress levels. There is no relationship between gender and lifestyle with sleep quality. Conclusion:Farmers are expected to be able to control psychosocial factors that affect sleep quality, for health workers it is expected to be more effective in approaching health education counseling in the local area regarding maintaining sleep needs and psychosocial factors that can affect farmers' sleep quality.
THE CONVENTION OF REGULAR TREATMENT WITH SPHETIC CONVERSION DURING INTENSIVE TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT Chilyatiz Zahroh, Nanang Nurrachmat Setiadi, Nur Ainiyah, Eppy Setiyowati, Erik Kusuma, Mulyadi Revista De Gestao Social E Ambiental, 2024 Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between medication regularity and sputum conversion following the intensive treatment phase of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at Banyu Urip Public Health Center in Surabaya. Recognizing the importance of sputum conversion as a key determinant of treatment success in pulmonary TB, this study aims to assess the impact of medication regularity on the achievement of sputum conversion among TB patients. Methods: This study adopts an analytic correlation approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population comprises tuberculosis patients receiving treatment at the Public Health Center. Data collection involves simple random sampling of 51 respondents, focusing on variables related to medication regularity and sputum conversion. Questionnaires based on the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) and observation sheets are utilized as instruments. Data analysis is conducted using logistic binary regression to examine the relationship between medication regularity and sputum conversion. Results and Discussion: Among the 51 respondents, 70.6% demonstrated regularity in treatment, with 76.5% achieving sputum conversion. The Spearman rank test analysis indicates a significant relationship between medication regularity and sputum conversion (p = 0.011; p < α = 0.05; r = 0.352). These findings suggest that adherence to medication is positively associated with successful sputum conversion following the intensive treatment phase of tuberculosis. Such results underscore the critical role of medication regularity in achieving positive treatment outcomes in TB patients. Implications of the Research: The research outcomes hold important implications for healthcare providers and policymakers involved in tuberculosis management and control. The findings highlight the significance of promoting medication regularity among TB patients to enhance treatment efficacy and increase the likelihood of sputum conversion. It underscores the importance of providing comprehensive counseling and support services to TB patients and their families, along with engaging other relevant stakeholders, to ensure adherence to treatment protocols throughout the course of therapy. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by focusing on the relationship between medication regularity and sputum conversion specifically within the context of tuberculosis treatment. By employing logistic binary regression analysis and incorporating the MMAS-8 questionnaire, the research offers valuable insights into the factors influencing treatment outcomes in TB patients. The findings provide a basis for targeted interventions aimed at improving medication adherence and enhancing treatment success rates in pulmonary tuberculosis, thereby contributing to more effective tuberculosis management strategies.
Supportive educative system based on the integration of family centered care and family tasks towards family support in adolescents with smartphone addiction Nety Mawarda Hatmanti, Ratna Yunita Sari, Yurike Septianingrum, Eppy Setiyowati, Siti Maimunah Bali Medical Journal, 2023 Introduction - The family as the smallest unit of society is a social institution that has and functions at every stage of development. During the pandemic, all needs are shifted to online from offline activities, so our interaction with smartphones or laptop screens is increasing. This study aims to arrange the invention of a new method of family nursing care standards with a Supportive Educative System based on integrating Family Centered Care and family tasks towards family support in adolescents with Smartphone addiction. Method - The study used quantitative design with Quasy Experiments. The sample taken was 24 respondents who were divided into two groups. Data analysis using the Paired t-test it shows that in the treatment group the results of the p value (0.002) < (0.05), meaning that there is a difference between family support before and after being given treatment, namely an increase in the average value of 95 to 97.08. While in the control group the statistical. Result - The results of the p value (0.028) < (0.05), meaning that there is a difference between family support before and after being given treatment, namely an increase in the average value of 94, 75 becomes 96. Conclusion - There is change to the treatment of inventions new methods of standardized family nursing care with a Supportive Educative System based on the integration of Family Centered Care and family duties towards family support in adolescents with Smartphone education to families is expected to be the basis for members to support each other in Addiction.
Observation of children's age to predict maximum height Sapta Kunta Purnama, Muhammad Furqon Hidayatullah, Fadilah Umar, Slamet Riyadi, Siti Nurunniyah, Eppy Setiyowati, Hilwah Nora, Agus Mukholid Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2023
