Roberto do Val Vilela
@portal.fiocruz.br
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Fiocruz
Since 2013, I develop Research in Public and Wildlife Health at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), attached to the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the most prominent science and technology health institution in Latin America.
With an emphasis on Animal Evolution, my endeavors in Genetics and Evolutionary Biology led me to the following topics: Evolution, Coevolution, Molecular Systematics, Phylogeography, and Cytogenetics.
I contribute to the development of Scientific Research in inhospitable environments through unconventional abilities such as Speleology, Rock and Ice Climbing, Mountaineering, High Altitude Mountaineering, and Scuba Diving, passions that started in 1991.
EDUCATION
PhD in Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (2010), MSc in Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (2005) and BSc in Biological Sciences (2001), all from the University of São Paulo (USP).
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Coevolution, Cytogenetics, Evolution, Genetic banks, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Morphometry, One Health, Parasitology, Phylogenetics, Phylogeography, Scientific collections, Systematics, Taxonomy
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
B.E. de Andrade-Silva, T. dos Santos Cardoso, R. do Val Vilela, R. de Campos Pacheco, R.V. Rossi, R.F.B de Mendonça, A. Maldonado Júnior, and R. Gentile
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract Marmosa constantiae is a species of marsupial restricted to the central portion of South America. In Brazil, it occurs in the northwestern region including five states of the Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal biomes. However, there is no study of the helminth fauna or helminth community structure for this marsupial. The aims of this study were to describe the species composition and to analyse the structure of the helminthic community of M. constantiae in an area of the Amazon Arc in Sinop, north of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Parasites were searched in 53 specimens of this marsupial, among which 44 were infected with at least one helminth species. Parasitic helminths were counted and identified. Nine species were collected: seven nematodes, one cestode, and one acanthocephalan. The most abundant species were Gracilioxyuris agilisis, Travassostrongylus scheibelorum, Pterygodermatites sinopiensis, and Subulura eliseae. These species were the only dominant ones in the component community. No significant differences were observed in the abundance and prevalence of helminths between male and female hosts. Host body size significantly influenced helminth abundance in males. The pattern of community structure considering the infracommunities in this locality indicated more species replacement than species loss along the environmental gradient. This is the first study to report the helminth fauna and the helminth community structure of M. constantiae.
Luis Solórzano Álava, Cesar Bedoya Pilozo, Hilda Hernandez Alvarez, Lazara Rojas Rivera, Misladys Rodriguez Ortega, Jorge Fraga Nodarse, Leandro de Mattos Pereira, Raquel de Oliveira Simões, and Roberto do Val Vilela
MDPI AG
The nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis has been reported worldwide. However, some basic questions remain unanswered about A. cantonensis in Ecuador: (1) Was the invasion of A. cantonensis in Ecuador unique, or did it occur in different waves? (2) Was this invasion as recent as historical records suggest? (3) Did this invasion come from other regions of South America or elsewhere? To address these issues, we assessed the genetic diversity of MT-CO1 gene sequences from isolates obtained in 11 of Ecuador’s 24 provinces. Our Bayesian inference phylogenetic tree recovered A. cantonensis as a well-supported monophyletic group. All 11 sequences from Ecuador were identical and identified as AC17a. The haplotype AC17a, found in Ecuador and the USA, formed a cluster with AC17b (USA), AC13 (Thailand), and AC12a-b (Cambodia). Notably, all the samples obtained in Ecuadorian provinces’ different geographic and climatic regions had no genetic difference. Despite the lack of genetic information on A. cantonensis in Latin America, except in Brazil, our finding differs from previous studies by its absence of gene diversity in Ecuador. We concluded that the invasion of A. cantonensis in Ecuador may have occurred: (1) as a one-time event, (2) recently, and (3) from Asia via the USA. Further research should include samples from countries neighboring Ecuador to delve deeper into this.
FERNANDA GOMES, TATIANA PRADO, WIM DEGRAVE, LUCAS MOREIRA, MAITHÊ MAGALHÃES, HARRISON MAGDINIER, ROBERTO VILELA, MARILDA SIQUEIRA, MARTHA BRANDÃO, and MARIA OGRZEWALSKA
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Numerous Antarctic species are recognized as reservoirs for various pathogens, and their migratory behavior allows them to reach the Brazilian coast, potentially contributing to the emergence and circulation of new infectious diseases. To address the potential zoonotic risks, we conducted surveillance of influenza A virus (IAV) and coronaviruses (CoVs) in the Antarctic Peninsula, specifically focusing on different bird and mammal species in the region. During the summer of 2021/2022, as part of the Brazilian Antarctic Expedition, we collected and examined a total of 315 fecal samples to target these respiratory viruses. Although we did not detect the viruses of interest during this particular expedition, previous research conducted by our team has shown the presence of the H11N2 subtype of influenza A virus in penguin fecal samples from the same region. Given the continuous emergence of new viral strains worldwide, it is crucial to maintain active surveillance in the area, contributing to strengthening integrated One Health surveillance efforts.
Kevin P. Barbosa, Kenneth A. Hayes, Roberto do V. Vilela, Helene S. Barbosa, Carolina R. Marchi, and Silvana C. Thiengo
Institute of Malacology
ABSTRACT In contrast to their relative ecological and economic importance, many species of Ampullariidae remain poorly studied, and lack robust data needed to clearly circumscribe the species or understand their biogeographic distributions. A few, e.g., Pomacea maculata Perry, 1810 and P. canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822), have been well studied, in part because of their notorious reputations as invasive pests. Unfortunately, beyond broad phylogenetic studies, we know little about the relationships and distributions of the dozen or so other species with which these two well-known ampullariids have and continue to be confused. The ability to delimit such species not only has implications for invasion biology, but also for conservation of native species. The ampullariid Pomacea sordida (Swainson, 1823) is endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Recent molecular analyses revealed that several populations previously referred to as P. sordida, belong to another genetically distinct species, Pomacea intermedia (Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825), currently regarded as a junior synonym of P. sordida. To evaluate the validity of this previous study, we examined all of the material identified as P. sordida from the collection of the Institute Oswaldo Cruz and carried out additional surveys across the known distribution of these species. Phylogenetic analyses of COI sequences from 96 snails sequenced for this study, along with additional sequences from GenBank, recovered P. sordida and P. intermedia as sister taxa in a clade sister to P. flagellata (Say, 1829) and P. patula (Reeve, 1856). Surveys of aquatic habitats in the state of Rio de Janeiro recovered both species in allopatric populations with P. sordida primarily restricted to seven sites in the southwestern part of the state, whereas P. intermedia occurred in six sites in the central part of the state, northeast of P. sordida populations. Although cursory examination of male reproductive anatomy of these two species does not provide taxonomically informative characters that allow delineation of these two species, other traits e.g., juvenile shell characters, egg morphology, and kidney shape and arrangement, appear to be informative and provided necessary data to rescue P. intermedia from synonymy with P. sordida.
Raquel de Oliveira Simões, Beatriz Elise de Andrade-Silva, Thiago dos Santos Cardoso, Rosana Gentile, Jonathan Gonçalves-Oliveira, Roberto do Val Vilela, and Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior
Elsevier BV
Karina Varella, Roberto do Val Vilela, Rosana Gentile, Thiago dos Santos Cardoso, Sócrates Fraga da Costa-Neto, and Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background The population genetics of parasites may be influenced by host specificity, life cycle, host geographical range, evolutionary history, and host population structure. The nematode Aspidodera raillieti infects different marsupial and rodent hosts in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, implying a gene flow among populations. However, niche diversification of the main hosts of A. raillieti in superimposed areas may provide conditions for population genetic structuring within this parasite species. We examined the genetic structuring of A. raillieti infecting three marsupial species co-occurring along the South and Southeast Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a hotspot of biodiversity. Methods We employed morphometric analyses and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequences (MT-CO1) to characterize populations via phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses. Results Among 175 A. raillieti specimens recovered from the marsupial hosts Didelphis aurita, D. albiventris, and Philander quica, we identified 99 MT-CO1 haplotypes forming four haplogroups and four clades in networks and phylogenetic trees, respectively. Clades I and II encompassed parasites of D. albiventris from the South region, clade III comprised parasites of D. aurita from the South and Southeast regions, and clade IV encompassed parasites of D. aurita and D. albiventris from the South and Southeast regions and parasites of P. quica from the South region. High genetic differentiation between clades, with a high fixation index and greater genetic variation in the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), indicated low gene flow between clades. Haplotypes shared among host species revealed a lack of host specificity. A significant correlation in the Mantel test suggested parasite isolation by distance, while there was no evidence of geographical structure between populations. Negative neutrality test values for clades III and IV suggested recent population expansion. Morphometric differentiation between A. raillieti specimens recovered from different host species, as well as from different localities, was more evident in males. Conclusion The genetic structure of A. raillieti populations in the South and Southeast Atlantic Forest resulted from historical events rather than from current geographical distribution or host specificity. We also demonstrate morphometric variation associated with host species and localities, suggesting phenotypic plasticity to host attributes and to spatial variables. Graphical Abstract
Leodil da Costa Freitas, Beatriz Elise de Andrade Silva, Roberto do Val Vilela, Ravena Fernanda Braga de Mendonça, Rogério Vieira Rossi, Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior, and Richard de Campos Pacheco
American Society of Parasitologists
Renata Souza, Roberto do Val Vilela, Rosana Gentile, Eduardo José Lopes-Torres, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Ricardo Moratelli, Sócrates Fraga da Costa-Neto, Thiago dos Santos Cardoso, Karina Varella, and Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract Cruzia tentaculata is a helminth parasite of marsupials and has a wide geographic distribution from Mexico to Argentina. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic population structure of this nematode along the Atlantic Forest biome. Cruzia tentaculata specimens were recovered from Didelphis aurita, Didelphis albiventris and Philander quica in 9 localities. Morphological and morphometric data were investigated for phenotypic diversity among localities and hosts using multivariate discriminant analysis of principal components. Phylogenetic relationships of C. tentaculata were determined using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The population structure was analysed by fixation indices, molecular variance analysis, Tajima's D and Fu's Fs neutrality tests, Mantel tests and Bayesian clustering analysis. A higher significant morphometric difference for males was observed between localities. In the haplogroup networks, 2 groups were recovered, separating locations from the north and from the south/southeast. The morphometric variation in C. tentaculata between different localities was compatible with this north and southeast/south pattern, suggesting adaptation to different ecological conditions. Population genetic analyses suggested a pattern of evolutionary processes driven by Pleistocene glacial refugia in the northeast and southeast of the Atlantic Forest based on the distribution of genetic diversity.
B.E. d. Andrade Silva, R. do Val Vilela, L. da Costa Freitas, R.d. Campos Pacheco, R.F.B. de Mendonça, R.V. Rossi, and A. Maldonado
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract The parasite biodiversity of mouse opossums in Brazil remains incompletely explored. We describe a new species of Subulura (Ascaridida: Subuluroidea) from the large intestine of the white-bellied woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa constantiae, based on the results of light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We also partially sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) gene of the new species, using molecular phylogenetic analyses to determine its relationships within the Subuluroidea superfamily. As molecular data on subuluroid species are extremely limited, few inferences could be drawn from our phylogenies. Our SEM observations showed the detailed morphology of the cephalic extremity, precloacal pseudo-sucker, caudal papillae, phasmids and vulva. Subulura eliseae sp. n. differs from the other four Subulura parasites species of marsupials by the number of caudal papillae and the structure dimensions, and size of the spicule. Moreover, S. eliseae sp. n. has ten pairs of caudal papillae, which is unique compared to other species. We present morphometric and molecular data on this new species, contributing to future studies on subuluroids.
Jucicleide Ramos-de-Souza, Arnaldo Maldonado-Jr, Roberto V. Vilela, Beatriz E. Andrade-Silva, Helene S. Barbosa, Suzete R. Gomes, and Silvana C. Thiengo
Elsevier BV
Ana Paula Nascimento Gomes, Michele Maria dos Santos, Natalie Olifiers, Roberto do Val Vilela, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior, and Raquel de Oliveira Simões
Parasitology Research Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The nematode family Spirocercidae Chitwood and Wehr, 1932, comprises three subfamilies, Spirocercinae Chitwood and Wehr, 1932; Ascaropsinae Alicata and McIntosh, 1933; and Mastophorinae Quentin, 1970, which occur worldwide. Spirocercids infect canids and can cause severe illness. The crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766), is a canid that inhabits most of South America, including Brazil and is a host for several parasitic worms, in particular, nematodes. However, few reports or genetic data are available on the spirocercids found in this host. In the present study, we describe a new species of Spirobakerus Chabaud and Bain 1981, from the intestine of two crab-eating foxes from two different biomes in Brazil. Spirobakerus sagittalis sp. nov. presents a) unequal spicules, with a long, thin left spicule with a lanceolated shape at the tip; b) a pair of sessile papillae and a median unpaired papillae located anteriorly of the cloaca, and c) a tuft without spines at the tip of the tail in females. The molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. sagittalis sp. nov. is basal to the other species of the subfamily Ascaropsinae, which was not recovered as monophyletic. Our phylogenies also indicated that Spirocercidae is paraphyletic, given that Mastophorinae did not group with Ascaropsinae and Spirocercinae. We provide the first molecular data on the genus Spirobakerus and expand the molecular database of the spirocercids. However, further studies, including the sequences of other spirocercid taxa, are still needed to infer the relationships within this family more accurately.
B.E. Andrade-Silva, R.V. Vilela, E.J. Lopes-Torres, S.F. Costa-Neto, and A. Maldonado
Elsevier BV
Maurício Lilioso, Dayane Pires-Silva, Fernanda von Hertwig Mascarenhas Fontes, Jader Oliveira, João Aristeu da Rosa, Roberto V. Vilela, Elaine Folly-Ramos, and Carlos Eduardo Almeida
Elsevier BV
Elizabeth C. F. Santos, Nicole O. Moura–Martiniano, Roberto V. Vilela, Camila S. Lucio, Ademar F. Silva, Stefan V. Oliveira, and Gilberto S. Gazeta
Wildlife Disease Association
Abstract: Tick-borne protozoans of the genus Hepatozoon are obligate hemoparasites that can infect domestic and wild terrestrial vertebrates. Main hepatozoonosis affects canids and involves mainly Hepatozoon canis and Hepatozoon americanum. However, molecular studies revealed the capacity of H. canis to infect a wide range of wild mammals. In July 2018, we conducted an epidemiological survey for tick-borne pathogens in wild hosts, assaying Hepatozoon sp. occurrence in 34 bats captured in different habitats within a conservation unit in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Blood and spleen tissue DNA samples were submitted to PCR amplifications of Babesia/Theileria and Hepatozoon 18S rRNA gene and 21% (7/34) were positive for Hepatozoon sp. Phylogenetic inferences grouped the obtained sequences from Seba's short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata) with the H. canis cluster, and from the great fruit-eating bat (Artibeus lituratus) with rodent-associated Hepatozoon cluster. Further studies are needed to characterize the epidemiological role of Seba's short-tailed bat and the great fruit-eating bat in the wild transmission cycle of these hemoparasites in Brazil.
A.P.N. Gomes, N.A. Costa, R. Gentile, R.V. Vilela, and A. Maldonado
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract A new species of Moniliformis Travassos, 1915 (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) is described from the hairy-tailed bolo mouse, Necromys lasiurus Lund, 1840 (Cricetidae: Sigmondontinae), captured in the Brazilian Cerrado, in Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The specimens were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular phylogenies were inferred from partial nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. The new species is distinguished from other moniliformid species by the number of rows and number of hooks per row, size of the proboscis, size of the eggs, host species and geographical distribution. Molecular phylogenies and genetic distances analyses demonstrated that Moniliformis necromysi sp. n. forms a well-supported monophyletic group with sequences of other species of Moniliformis and is distinguished from them, which agrees with the morphological characteristics, allocating the new species to this genus and to the family Moniliformidae Van Cleave, 1924. This is the first moniliformid acanthocephalan described from a wild rodent in Brazil.
Lara Ribeiro de Almeida, Joyce Gonçalves Rosário de Souza, Hudson Andrade Santos, Eduardo José Lopes Torres, Roberto do Val Vilela, Olívia Monique Soares Cruz, Leonardo Rodrigues, Cíntia Aparecida de Jesus Pereira, Arnaldo Maldonado Junior, and Walter dos Santos Lima
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Abstract Currently, there are 21 species of Angiostrongylus that parasitize the pulmonary or mesenteric arteries of wild and domestic rodents, felids, canids and human. Species of Angiostrongylus have cosmopolitan distribution covering tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. The procyonid Nasua nasua (coati) is a reservoir host for a wide variety of parasites that may be harmful to its populations or may contain etiological agents with zoonotic potential. In urban areas, coatis are usually found in close association with humans and domestic animals. We morphologically and molecularly characterized a new species of Angiostrongylus found in N. nasua in a protected area within Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The new species of Angiostrongylus differs from other species of the same genus in terms of the length and bifurcation level of the lateral and ventral rays, the length of spicules and female tail morphology. Molecular phylogenetic results based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene suggest that the newly identified species belongs to a genetic lineage that is separate from other species of Angiostrongylus. This new species was collected from the mesenteric arteries of N. nasua. It was named Angiostrongylus minasensis n. sp..
Y. Willkens, G.L. Rebêlo, J.N. Santos, A.P. Furtado, R.V. Vilela, V.V. Tkach, Y. Kuzmin, and F.T.V. Melo
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract The genus Rhabdias Stiles & Hassal, 1905 includes about 83 species of nematodes parasitic in amphibians and reptiles worldwide. Herein, we describe Rhabdias glaurungi sp. nov. from the hylid frog Scinax gr. ruber (Laurenti, 1768) in the Gunma Ecological Park, Santa Bárbara municipality, state of Pará, Brazil. This species has six small lips, an inflated cuticle along the entire body and a cup-shaped buccal capsule with smooth internal surface of its anterior part and irregularly folded internal surface of its posterior part in apical view. From the 17 valid species recognized in the Neotropical realm, the new species can be distinguished by the number of lips, the morphology and size of its buccal capsule, as well as the extent and shape of its cuticular inflation; in addition, there are molecular differences. Sequences of the mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I gene strongly support the status of this form as a separate species. Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows R. glaurungi sp. nov. nested within the R. pseudosphaerocephala Kuzmin, Tkach & Brooks, 2007 species complex. Rhabdias glaurungi sp. nov. is the second species of the genus described from hosts of the family Hylidae in the Neotropical realm. We conclude that the diversity of Rhabdias within the Neotropics is likely largely underestimated.
A. Maldonado, R.O. Simões, J. São Luiz, S.F. Costa-Neto, and R.V. Vilela
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract Nematodes of the genus Physaloptera are globally distributed and more than 100 species are known. Their life cycle involves insects, including beetles, cockroaches and crickets, as intermediate hosts. This study describes a new species of Physaloptera and reports molecular phylogenetic analyses to determine its relationships within the family Physalopteridae. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. is described from the stomach of the caviomorph rodent Proechimys gardneri collected in the Amazon rainforest in the state of Acre, Brazil. The species is characterized by the male having the first and second pair of sessile papillae asymmetrically placed, lacking a median papilla-like protuberance between the third pairs of sessile papillae, differentiated by size and shape of the spicules, while females have four uterine branches. For both nuclear 18S rRNA and MT-CO1 gene-based phylogenies, we recovered Turgida sequences forming a clade nested within Physaloptera, thus making Physaloptera paraphyletic to the exclusion of Turgida, suggesting that the latter may have evolved from the former monodelphic ancestral state to a derived polydelphic state, or that some species of Physaloptera may belong to different genera. Relationships between most taxa within Physaloptera were poorly resolved in our phylogenies, producing multifurcations or a star phylogeny. The star-like pattern may be attributed to evolutionary processes where past simultaneous species diversification events took place. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. formed an independent lineage, separately from the other species of Physaloptera, thus supporting the status of a new species. However, all molecular data suggested a closer relationship with other Neotropical species. In conclusion, we added a new species to this already largely diverse genus Physaloptera, bringing new insights to its phylogenetic relationships. Further analyses, adding more species and markers, should provide a better understanding of the evolutionary history of physalopterids.
Ana Paula Nascimento Gomes, Clarice Silva Cesário, Natalie Olifiers, Rita de Cassia Bianchi, Arnaldo Maldonado, and Roberto do Val Vilela
Elsevier BV
Anahi S. Vieira, Maria Isabel N. Di Azevedo, Paulo Sérgio D'Andrea, Roberto do Val Vilela, and Walter Lilenbaum
Elsevier BV
Anahi S. Vieira, Paulo Sérgio D'Andrea, Roberto do Val Vilela, Diogo Loretto, Lauren H. Jaeger, Filipe A. Carvalho-Costa, and Walter Lilenbaum
Wiley
Leptospirosis is a common worldwide bacterial zoonosis and has been studied in One Health approaches. Small mammals are described as the most important maintenance reservoirs of several pathogens in nature, including leptospires. The aim of this study was to identify infection by leptospires among small mammals on the Atlantic forest biome and evaluate their potential as carriers of these spirochetes. A total of 153 small mammals belonging to orders Rodentia and Didelphimorphia (distributed on 17 genera and 22 species) were captured. Blood and kidney samples were collected from animals and a conventional PCR targeted on lipL32 gene was conducted on renal tissues. Species identification was performed in eight samples by sequencing of rrs gene. A total of 28% of the animals presented lipL32 PCR-positive, and four pathogenic Leptospira species (L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, L. santarosai and L. noguchii) were identified. This study highlights the role of small mammals as carriers of leptospires on the Atlantic Forest representing a potential source of pathogenic Leptospira spp infection for both humans and domestic animals.
Jeiel G. Carvalhaes, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Leandro S.L. Hohl, Roberto V. Vilela, Paulo S. D'Andrea, and Oscar Rocha-Barbosa
Wiley
The echimyid rodents of the genus Thrichomys vary considerably in their behavior and feeding ecology, reflecting their occurrence in environments as different as the Caatinga, Cerrado, Pantanal, and Chaco biomes. While the genus was originally classified as monospecific, a number of Thrichomys species have been recognized in recent decades, based on morphometric, cytogenetic, and molecular analyses. While Thrichomys is well studied, the variation found in its cranial morphology is poorly understood, given the taxonomic and ecological complexities of the genus. Using a geometric morphometric approach, we characterized the differences found in the cranial morphology of four Thrichomys taxonomic units, including three established species, Thrichomys apereoides, Thrichomys fosteri, and Thrichomys laurentius, and one operational taxonomic unit (OTU), Thrichomys aff. laurentius. No significant differences were found among these units in cranium size, but significant variation was found in skull shape. The Procrustes distances provided a quantification of the differences in the shape of the skull, with the largest distances being found between T. aff. laurentius and T. fosteri in the dorsal view, and between T. aff. laurentius and T. apereoides in the ventral view. A Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) with cross‐validation determined that the pairings with the highest correct classification were T. aff. laurentius vs. T. apereoides and T. aff. laurentius vs. T. fosteri, in both views. The principal variation in skull shape was found in the posterior region and the zygomatic arch, which may be related to differences in diet.
Cecilia Cronemberger, Ana Cláudia Delciellos, Camila dos Santos de Barros, Rosana Gentile, Marcelo Weksler, Alan Gerhardt Braz, Bernardo Rodrigues Teixeira, Diogo Loretto, Emmanuel Messias Vilar, Fabiane Aguiar Pereira,et al.
Oecologia Australis
A lista mais recente dos mamiferos que ocorrem no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgaos (PARNASO), com 79 registros, consta no seu segundo Plano de Manejo, publicado em 2008. O presente estudo teve como objetivo atualizar a lista de especies de mamiferos do PARNASO, inserindo novos registros de especies obtidos atraves de dados primarios e revisao bibliografica, considerando o periodo de 2002 a 2018. A revisao da lista do Plano de Manejo resultou em 75 registros validos. Destes, tres especies foram consideradas localmente extintas ( Panthera onca , Tayassu pecari e Tapirus terrestris ) e nao foram incluidas na presente lista. Desse modo, listamos aqui 100 especies com registros recentes no PARNASO, o que representa um acrescimo de 28 especies. As ordens com maior riqueza de especies foram Rodentia e Chiroptera, com 32 e 23 especies, respectivamente. Das especies registradas, quatro sao invasoras ( Callithrix jacchus , C. penicillata , Rattus norvegicus e R. rattus ), tres sao domesticas ( Bos taurus , Canis familiaris e Felis catus ), e 26 sao ameacadas de extincao. A analise da distribuicao espacial da riqueza de especies mostrou que apenas metade da area do parque possui ao menos um registro, e que os registros estao concentrados onde ha infraestrutura para a pesquisa. A presenca de especies domesticas e invasoras, bem como as extincoes locais detectadas, indicam a necessidade de acoes de manejo no interior do parque. Esse grande acrescimo de especies a lista evidencia o desenvolvimento da pesquisa com mamiferos nesta Unidade de Conservacao e a necessidade de compilacoes mais frequentes dos resultados devido aos varios projetos em curso. O PARNASO tem papel de destaque na conservacao de mamiferos ao ainda manter uma das maiores riquezas de especies do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, e grande importância para a pesquisa, abrigando uma ampla gama de estudos e projetos de longa duracao. MAMMALS OF THE SERRA DOS ORGAOS NATIONAL PARK: UPDATED LIST OF SPECIES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION The most recent list of mammals of the Serra dos Orgaos National Park (PARNASO) with 79 records is from its second Management Plan published in 2008. The present study aimed to update the list of mammal species of PARNASO, adding new species records obtained from primary data and bibliographic review, in the period between 2002 and 2018. The review of the Management Plan’s species list resulted in 75 currently valid records. Three of these 75 species, were considered locally extinct ( Panthera onca , Tayassu pecari and Tapirus terrestris ) and were not included in the present list. Thus, we list 100 species with recent records in PARNASO, which represents an increase of 28 species. The orders with higher species richness were Rodentia and Chiroptera, with 32 and 23 species, respectively. Among the species recorded, four are invasive ( Callithrix jacchus , C. penicillata , Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus ), three are domestic ( Bos taurus , Canis familiaris and Felis catus ), and 26 are endangered to extinction. The analysis of the spatial distribution of species richness shows that only half of the park area had at least one record, and that records were concentrated where there is logistic infrastructure. The great addition of species in the list highlights the increased research in this protected area and the need for more frequent compilations of results due to ongoing projects. The presence of domestic animals and invasive species, as well as local extinctions detected, indicate the need for management actions within the park. PARNASO plays a prominent role in the conservation of species while still maintaining one of the greatest mammal species richness in the State of Rio de Janeiro, and hosting a wide range of studies and long-term projects.
N.A. Costa, R.O. Simões, R.V. Vilela, J.G.R. Souza, S.T. Cardoso, N.O. Leiner, R. Gentile, and A. Maldonado
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
AbstractPterygodermatites (Paucipectines) zygodontomis, a nematode parasite of the small intestine of the rodentNecromys lasiurus, from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, was analysed by light and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, phylogenies were inferred from the mitochondrially encoded cytochromecoxidase I gene (MT-CO1). Details of the helminth surface, such as the oral aperture, cephalic papillae, papillae in the posterior region of the body and longitudinal cuticular elements represented by spine-like projections and fans are presented, adding new taxonomic details. Molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on the MT-CO1, demonstrated thatP. (P.)zygodontomisandPterygodermatites (Paucipectines) jaegerskioldiform a unique evolutionary unit in accordance with the subgenusPaucipectinesand corroborated their occurrence in cricetid and didelphid hosts.