Matrix material selection framework for aluminium-based composites using fuzzy-AHP and TOPSIS Vyomesh Buch, Chintan Patel, Vaibhav Bhatt Discover Mechanical Engineering, 2026 Selecting the right matrix material is an important part of designing aluminum-based composite systems that is often forgotten. It has a big effect on how well the system works, how easy it is to make, and how much it costs. Most current research focuses on the selection of reinforcements or processing routes, rendering the choice of matrix predominantly intuitive or data-driven. This study suggests a structured and experimentally supported way to choose matrix materials using an integrated Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach. Five primary criteria—tensile strength, hardness, melting point, density, and cost—were utilized to assess prospective 7XXX-series aluminum alloys. We used fuzzy AHP to find the weights of the criteria, and then we used TOPSIS to rank the options. To confirm the decision-making result, hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites were created using the selected alloys under the same processing and reinforcement conditions. The composites were characterized experimentally by measuring their density, hardness, and tensile strength. These measurements were then used to determine the final ranking. The results consistently identified AA7075 as the best matrix material, showing that the proposed framework for designing aluminum hybrid MMCs is strong and useful in real life.
Bead geometry optimization in GMAW-based WAAM using 1.36Cr–0.5Mo steel metal-cored wires Vyomesh Buch, Samkit Shah, Chintan Patel Discover Mechanical Engineering, 2026 This study focuses on optimizing bead geometry in GMAW-based WAAM using 1.36Cr–0.5Mo steel metal-cored wire to enhance build quality and consistency. The effects of input parameters—namely travel speed, shielding gas composition, and voltage—were assessed with regard to bead geometry, specifically Bead Width (BW), Bead Height (BH), and Depth of Penetration (DOP). To identify the optimal set of variables for experimentation, a Box–Behnken Design within the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was also employed to validate the effectiveness and relevance of the correlations developed from the experimental results.The findings revealed that travel speed had a stronger influence on DOP and BH, whereas voltage primarily affected BW. Main effect and residual plots were used to determine the most significant independent factors and to evaluate the accuracy of the developed models for DOP, BH, and BW. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was further applied to determine the optimal combination of input parameters required to achieve the best overall performance. The most favorable parameters obtained through GRA were: voltage = 26 V, travel speed = 6 mm/s, and 5 percent CO₂ in the shielding gas mixture. Experimental validation conducted under these optimized parameters showed an average deviation of less than 6 percent between the actual and predicted values. Additionally, the multilayer structures synthesized under these conditions exhibited no indications of disbondment.
Experimental investigations of Hastelloy C-22 weld overlay on SS 316 L using GTAW process Jaykumar Vora, Manish V. Mehta, Robert Cep, Vyomesh Buch, Rakesh Chaudhari, Viral Bhatt, Ajay Kumar Discover Applied Sciences, 2026 The present study represents a comprehensive investigation of GTAW Process implemented for ERNiCrMo-10 (Hastelloy C-22) weld overlay on SS 316 L austenitic stainless steel. To assess the weld overlay’s performance, visual testing, hardness testing, bend testing, optical spectroscopy for chemical composition analysis, potentiodynamic polarization technique for corrosion resistance evaluation, as well as macro and microstructural observation were carried out. An average corrosion rate of 0.742 mpy for the overlay was achieved owing to uniform distribution. Microstructural study also observed primary and secondary inter-laminar spacing. These phases contribute to improved structural integrity and adequate hardness characteristics. Dilution of 1.5 mm from the base metal was achieved which can be attributed to precise control and minimal alloy mixing, The average spacings between primary and secondary arms were also measured and values of 4.239 μm and 4.559 μm, were achieved. These findings particularly provide invaluable inputs to the considerate industry of petrochemical and pharmaceutical sectors.
Bead Morphology Optimization for FLUX Cored Wires in the Wire ARC AM of 1.14 CR-1.0 MO Steel Vaishali Prajapati, Vyomesh Buch, Jay Vora Ssrg International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026 Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), which uses gas metal arc welding, is a promising approach to preparing bulky metal components. WAAM allows consecutive bead deposition for complex forms. The input parameters of the machining process determine deposition quality. The main outputs are Bead Height (BH), Penetration Depth, and Bead Width (BW). This study optimizes Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) parameters for improvement in bead height, Depth of penetration, and bead width. Regression models were tested for adequacy and robustness using variance statistics. Strong model fit was indicated by R² and modified R² values approaching unity and optimizing used the parameter-free metaheuristic Passing Vehicle Search (PVS) algorithm. Minimum BW was 3.58 mm, maximum BH 6.37 mm, and maximum DOP 1.24 mm were found in multi-objective optimization. The algorithm’s efficacy was shown by validation testing, showing disparities between optimized and non-optimized parameters under 5%. Multilayer metal structures were flawlessly produced using these optimal settings. The study provides reliable WAAM parameter sets for high-temperature industrial applications and serves as a baseline for future research.
Optimization of Bead Geometrics for GMAW-Based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Using 1.36 Cr-0.5 Mo Steel Metal-Cored Wires Prerna Shah, Vyomesh Buch, Jay Vora Ssrg International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025 Optimizing the process parameters to achieve optimal performance of gas metal arc welding technique of wire arc additive manufacturing using Metalloy 80B2 (1.00-1.50 percent chromium and 0.50 percent molybdenum steel), a gas-shielded metal-cored wire, was the main goal of the current investigation. Depth of penetration (DOP), bead height (BH), and bead width (BW) of bead deposition were examined in relation to changes in input parameters (voltage (22 to 26 V), travel speed (1 to 6 mm/s), and shielding gas composition (CO2-1%, 5%, and 9%). Utilizing the Box Behnken Designs, the set of input variables for the experiment was determined. The significance and sufficiency of the correlation derived from the experiment's results were confirmed through the use of fit statistics and ANOVA. In contrast, to travel speed for BH, the voltage was determined to be a more significant parameter for DOP and BW. Externally studentized residual plots for DOP, BH, and BW were examined, and the results showed that created correlations are legitimate and don't require transformation. The optimum outcomes from Stat-Ease 360 software: DOP = 1.320 mm, BH = 8.381 mm, BW = 8.687 mm for voltage = 26 V, travel speed = 10 mm/s, % of CO2 into gas mixture = 8.317% was achieved with 0.895 desirability. The experimental work for optimum input parameters was conducted and found within the range of results obtained from State Ease 360 software. Experimental results showed that the bead-on-bead material was placed uniformly in a multilayer structure, merged flawlessly, and did not disperse.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Bead Morphology Using 1.36 Cr-0.5 Mo Steel Metal-Cored Wires for GMAW-Based WAAM Prerna Shah, Vyomesh Buch, Jay Vora Ssrg International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025 The prime aim of the present investigation was to optimize the process variables to achieve optimum performance of the Gas Metal Arc Welding technique (GMAW) of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) using Metalloy 80B2 (1.00-1.50% chromium and 0.50% molybdenum steel), a gas-shielded metal-cored wire. The impact of variation in input variables (travel speed, shielding gas composition and voltage) was investigated in terms of Bead Width (BW), Bead Height (BH), and Depth of Penetration (DOP) of bead deposition. The Box Behnken Design of response surface methodology was used to obtain the optimum combination of input parameters for experimentation. The significance and adequacy of correlation developed from the outcomes of experimentation were verified using ANOVA. The travel speed was found to be a more important parameter for DOP and BH, whereas voltage for BW. The main effect and residual plots were studied to identify the most significant influencing independent variable on the response and assess the quality of developed correlations (for DOP, BH, and BW). The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was used to find the optimum condition of input variables to achieve the best response. The optimum value of input parameters from GRA was obtained: voltage = 26 V, travel speed = 6 mm/s, and 5% CO2 in the gas mixture. For the optimum input parameters obtained from GRA, the experimental work was conducted, and an average discrepancy in the result of experimentation was found to be less than 6%. The multilayer structure obtained from experimentation with the optimum parameter was free from disbanding.
Thermodynamic Analysis of CRDI-VCR Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel Vasant Patel, Vyomesh Buch Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research, 2025 The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of Compression Ratio (CR) on energy and exergy efficiency of a Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) and Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) type diesel engine powered by a blend of diesel and biodiesel from Moringa oleifera. Experiments are performed at four distinct CRs of 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, and 18:1 at 100% loading condition with a fixed engine speed of 1500 rpm, Injection Timing (IT) of 23°before top dead center (bTDC), and Injection Pressure (IP) of 600 bar. Analysis was done on the energy and exergy potential of the fuel input, cooling water, exhaust gas, first and second law efficiency, entropy generation, and Sustainability Index (SI). The energy analysis results show that for all tested fuel blends, an increase in CR results in a decrease in fuel inlet energy, exhaust gas energy, and unaccounted losses, as well as an increase in cooling water energy and energy efficiency. The highest energy efficiency reported for the diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 was 27.20% and 28.13%, respectively, at a higher CR of 18:1. The maximum cooling water energy reported for diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 was 4.09 kW and 4.36 kW, respectively, at a higher CR of 18:1. The reported minimum energy of the exhaust gases for the diesel was 2.74 kW and for biodiesel blends MB10, and MB20 it was reported as 2.95 kW for both blends at a higher CR of 18:1. Across all tested fuel blends, the fuel exergy rate, exergy rate of exhaust gas, and destructed energy decrease as CR increases which results in improvements in entropy generation, SI, and exergy efficiency. The highest exergy efficiency reported for the diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 was 26.31% and 27.21%, respectively, at a higher CR of 18:1. The maximum SI reported for the diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 was 1.36 and 1.37respectively at a higher CR of 18:1. The minimum entropy generation reported for diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 was 0.019kW/K and 0.016 kW/K at higher CR of 18:1.An investigation of the thermodynamics of methyl esters of Moringa oleifera oil mixed with diesel in a VCR-CRDI type engine shows that the combination consists of CR 18:1 and fuel blend MB30 at full load condition offers better performance.
Impact of Compression Ratio on Combustion Characteristics of VCR-CRDI Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Methyl Ester V. Patel, V. Buch Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2025 This study explores the impact of compression ratio (CR) and fuel blends on the combustion properties of a diesel engine fueled by conventional diesel and biodiesel derived from Moringa oleifera. The research was conducted on a single-cylinder diesel engine with variable compression ratio (VCR) and common rail direct injection (CRDI), utilizing diesel and Moringa oleifera biodiesel blends MB10, MB20, and MB30. The experimental conditions included varying the CR between 15:1 and 18:1, maintaining an injection timing of 23°before top dead center, injection pressure set at 600 bar, and an engine speed of 1500 rpm under 100% load. The findings revealed that increasing the CR raises cylinder pressure (CP), cumulative heat release rate (CHRR), and rate of pressure rise (ROPR) for all the tested fuel blends. Notably, the diesel exhibited the highest CP of 70.83 bar, CHRR of 1.36 kJ, and ROPR of 6.42 bar/°CA (degree per crack angle) at a CR of 18:1. Among the biodiesel blends, MB30 showed the highest CP of 69.21 bar, while MB10 displayed highest CHRR and ROPR of 1.5 kJ and 6.17 bar/°CA, respectively. Furthermore, the net heat release rate (NHRR) and mean gas temperature (MGT) decreased with rising CR for all tested fuels. At a lower CR of
Evaluation of Energy-Exergy Performance of CRDI-VCR Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel Vasant Patel, Vyomesh Buch Iet Conference Proceedings, 2025 The primary aim of the presented experimental work is to examine the influence of injection pressure (IP) on the energy-exergy performance of a single-cylinder, CRDI (common rail direct injection)-VCR (variable compression ratio) diesel engine powered by diesel and Moringa oleifera biodiesel blends MB10 (90% diesel + 10% biodiesel by volume), MB20 (80% diesel + 20% biodiesel by volume), and MB30 (70% diesel + 30% biodiesel by volume). The experiment involved operating the engine at injection pressures of 400, 500, and 600 bar, with a set compression ratio of 18:1, an injection timing of 23 degrees before top dead centre (bTDC), and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The energy analysis results demonstrate that an increase in IP decreases fuel intake energy and unaccounted energy, while enhancing cooling water energy, exhaust gas energy, and overall energy efficiency. The maximum recorded energy efficiency was 28.13% for the biodiesel mix MB30 at a heightened injection pressure of 600 bar. The results of the exergy research demonstrate that the available energy of cooling water, exhaust gas, and exergy efficiency improve with an increase in IP. In contrast, exergy rate of fuel intake energy and dissipated energy diminishes as the input power increases. At an injection pressure of 600 bar, minimal entropy formation and an enhanced sustainability index (SI) were recorded for all assessed fuel mixtures. The greatest recorded exergy efficiency and specific energy for the fuel mix MB30 were 27.45% and 1.38, respectively, attained at an injection pressure of 600 bar. The minimum reported entropy production for the MB30 fuel mixture was 0.02 kW/K, attained at an injection pressure of 600 bar. Following a comprehensive analysis of the data, it is found that the fuel mix MB30 exhibits superior energetic and exergetic performance at elevated input pressure.
Energy-Exergy Analysis of CI Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel at Different Loading Conditions Vasant Patel, Vyomesh Buch Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 2024 This study aims to examine the impact of engine load (3, 6, 9, 12 kg) on the energy and exergetic performance of an internal combustion engine powered by diesel and Moringa biodiesel mixes. The trials were conducted on a common rail direct injection (CRDI) type single-cylinder diesel engine, using diesel fuel and mixes of Moringa biodiesel (MB10, MB20, and MB30) as the fuel. The experiment was conducted at a higher compression ratio (CR) of 18:1, a fuel injection pressure (IP) of 600 bar, an injection timing (IT) of 23obTDC, and a fixed engine speed of 1500 rpm. An energy and exergy analysis were conducted to estimate the energy and exergy rate of fuel, cooling water, and exhaust gases, unaccounted energy, energy and exergy efficiency, entropy generation, and sustainability index. The energy analysis showed that fuel inlet energy, energy of cooling water, exhaust gases, and energy efficiency rise with engine load, whereas unaccounted energy decrease. Exergy analysis showed that exergy rate of cooling water, exhaust gas, exergy efficiency, and SI increase with engine load, while fuel energy, destructed available energy, and entropy generation decrease. The highest energy and exergy efficiency reported for the diesel were 27.20 and 26.31% respectively while for biodiesel blend MB30 it was reported as 28.13 and 27.21% at full load condition. The highest entropy generation reported for the diesel was 0.022 kW/K at 50% loading condition and for biodiesel blend MB20 it was 0.020 kW/K at full loading condition. The highest SI reported for the diesel and biodiesel blend MB30 were 1.36 and 1.37 at full load condition. A study suggests that the energetic and exergetic performance of a VCR-CRDI type diesel engine is similar to that of diesel fuel when utilizing Moringa biodiesel, under various engine loading conditions.
Matrix material selection framework for aluminium-based composites using fuzzy-AHP and TOPSIS V Buch, C Patel, V Bhatt Discover Mechanical Engineering 5 (1), 37 , 2026 2026
Experimental investigations of Hastelloy C-22 weld overlay on SS 316 L using GTAW process J Vora, MV Mehta, R Cep, V Buch, R Chaudhari, V Bhatt, A Kumar Discover Applied Sciences , 2026 2026
Bead geometry optimization in GMAW-based WAAM using 1.36 Cr–0.5 Mo steel metal-cored wires V Buch, S Shah, C Patel Discover Mechanical Engineering 5 (1), 12 , 2026 2026
Precision Bead Geometry Optimization in GMAW-Based WAAM Using 1.36 Cr–0.5 Mo Steel Metal-Cored Wires V Buch, S Shah, C Patel 2025
Reactive Sputtering of Metal Oxide Films: Process Optimization, Structural Characteristics, and Functional Applications S Shah, V Buch 2025
Evaluation of energy-exergy performance of CRDI-VCR type diesel engine fueled with Moringa oleifera biodiesel V Patel, V Buch IET Conference Proceedings CP920 2025 (7), 327-336 , 2025 2025
Thermodynamic Analysis of CRDI-VCR Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel V Patel, V Buch Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research 12 (1), 151-164 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF BEAD MORPHOLOGY USING 1.36 CR-0.5 MO STEEL METAL-CORED WIRES FOR GMAW-BASED WAAM P SHAH, V BUCH, JA VORA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 12 (2), 58-74 , 2025 2025
Impact of Compression Ratio on Combustion Characteristics of VCR-CRDI Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Methyl Ester V Patel, V Buch Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 18 (3), 787-797 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
A Curious Case of Severe Recurrent Hypocalcemia S Alam, S Kumari, M Kumar, E Kadour, V Buch Cureus 16 (8) , 2024 2024
Study and evaluation of brazing leakages in aluminum radiator AM Patel, V Buch, J Pampania AIP Conference Proceedings 3107 (1), 110012 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Waste reduction by PDCA methodology: A Review SM Yadav, V Buch, P Tomar AIP Conference Proceedings 3107 (1), 080001 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Energy-Exergy Analysis of CI Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel at Different Loading Conditions V Patel, V Buch Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 122 … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Effect of vibration casting on the properties and microstructure of aluminium alloy castings V Buch, AD Oza, Sandeep, M Kumar, M Gupta, S Midha Innovation and Emerging Technologies 10, 2340010 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
A CASE STUDY OF RESIN WASTE REDUCTION IN THE RESIN CAST TRANSFORMER MAKING INDUSTRY SM Yadav, V Buch, P Tomar Journal of Engineering Sciences 14 (04) , 2023 2023
Machining parameter comparison on HSS cutting tool coated with multi-walled carbon nano tube using green coating technique V Buch, AD Oza Materials Today: Proceedings 62, 7270-7274 , 2022 2022 Citations: 1
Electrochemical discharge machining process: a review on process parameters and future scope AD Oza, A Goyal, V Buch, M Kumar Materials Today: Proceedings 62, 6956-6961 , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
Effect of compression ratio and load on performance and emission behavior of VCR-CRDI engine fueled with Moringa oleifera biodiesel V Patel, V Buch Journal of Thermal Engineering 10 (5), 1212-1225 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Predictive maintenance: a review PY Parmar, J Pampania, V Buch Smart Innov. Constr 169 , 2021 2021 Citations: 2
Investigation of Material Selection for Electrochromic Application using MADM Techniques VR Buch, A Shah 2021 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Review on electrochromic property for WO3 thin films using different deposition techniques VR Buch, AK Chawla, SK Rawal Materials Today: Proceedings 3 (6), 1429-1437 , 2016 2016.0 Citations: 218
Electrochemical discharge machining process: a review on process parameters and future scope AD Oza, A Goyal, V Buch, M Kumar Materials Today: Proceedings 62, 6956-6961 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 17
Instabilities of thin viscous liquid film flowing down a uniformly heated inclined plane A Mukhopadhyay, S Mukhopadhyay, A Mukhopadhyay Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research 3 (2), 77-87 , 2016 2016.0 Citations: 9
Structural, optical and electrochromic properties of sputter deposited tungsten oxide films in argon-helium atmosphere VR Buch, SK Rawal, AK Chawla e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology 16, 289-293 , 2018 2018.0 Citations: 5
Materials today: Proceedings. 2016 VR Buch, AK Chawla, SK Rawal V 3 (6), 1429-1437 , 0 Citations: 5
Effect of Sputtering Pressure On Structural, Optical and Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Oxide Film Deposited by SputterinNE. Refg VR Buch, SK Rawal, A Chawla Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments 41 (1), 78-85 , 2018 2018.0 Citations: 3
Thermodynamic Analysis of CRDI-VCR Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel V Patel, V Buch Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research 12 (1), 151-164 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 2
Impact of Compression Ratio on Combustion Characteristics of VCR-CRDI Type Diesel Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Methyl Ester V Patel, V Buch Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 18 (3), 787-797 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 2
Waste reduction by PDCA methodology: A Review SM Yadav, V Buch, P Tomar AIP Conference Proceedings 3107 (1), 080001 , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 2
Effect of vibration casting on the properties and microstructure of aluminium alloy castings V Buch, AD Oza, Sandeep, M Kumar, M Gupta, S Midha Innovation and Emerging Technologies 10, 2340010 , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 2
Predictive maintenance: a review PY Parmar, J Pampania, V Buch Smart Innov. Constr 169 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 2
Structural, Optical and Electrochromic Property of WO3: MoO3 Thin Film Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering Technique VR Buch, D Dong Journal of Asian Scientific Research 9 (7), 65-70 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 2
Study and evaluation of brazing leakages in aluminum radiator AM Patel, V Buch, J Pampania AIP Conference Proceedings 3107 (1), 110012 , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 1
Energy-Exergy Analysis of CI Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel at Different Loading Conditions V Patel, V Buch Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 122 … , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 1
Machining parameter comparison on HSS cutting tool coated with multi-walled carbon nano tube using green coating technique V Buch, AD Oza Materials Today: Proceedings 62, 7270-7274 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 1
Effect of compression ratio and load on performance and emission behavior of VCR-CRDI engine fueled with Moringa oleifera biodiesel V Patel, V Buch Journal of Thermal Engineering 10 (5), 1212-1225 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Investigation of Material Selection for Electrochromic Application using MADM Techniques VR Buch, A Shah 2021.0 Citations: 1
Matrix material selection framework for aluminium-based composites using fuzzy-AHP and TOPSIS V Buch, C Patel, V Bhatt Discover Mechanical Engineering 5 (1), 37 , 2026 2026.0
Experimental investigations of Hastelloy C-22 weld overlay on SS 316 L using GTAW process J Vora, MV Mehta, R Cep, V Buch, R Chaudhari, V Bhatt, A Kumar Discover Applied Sciences , 2026 2026.0
Bead geometry optimization in GMAW-based WAAM using 1.36 Cr–0.5 Mo steel metal-cored wires V Buch, S Shah, C Patel Discover Mechanical Engineering 5 (1), 12 , 2026 2026.0
