Organic Synthesis, Heterocyclic Chemisytry, Catalysis, Natural Products, Total Synthesis
88
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Isatogenols as Precursors for the Synthesis of Fully Substituted Indolines through Regio- and Stereoselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Using Various Olefins Nanaka Ishihara, Shinji Harada, Masaya Nakajima, and Shigeru Arai American Chemical Society (ACS) Here, we describe a unique reactivity of isatogen derivatives bearing a hydroxy group at the C3-position (isatogenol) and their synthetic application to highly regio- and stereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions. This method provides facile access to polyfused and highly functionalized heterocycles including consecutive stereocenters. Furthermore, DFT calculations revealed that hydrogen bonding is a key to controlling the regio- and stereoselectivity in the cycloaddition using acrylates.
Construction of C2-C3 Contiguous Stereogenic Centers in Indoline Derivatives by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Natsuki Ito, Shigeru Arai, and Atsushi Nishida Wiley AbstractWe report a reduction‐condensation‐1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition sequence to create C2‐C3 contiguous stereogenic centers in indoline derivatives. This method includes a one‐pot procedure starting from easily obtainable nitroketones and can be applied to intrarmolecular cycloaddition to give highly functionalized isoxazolidines. Both a length of methylene tether and olefinic substituents strongly affect the cycloaddition mode (exo/endo approach) to give highly stereo‐controlled tri‐ and tetracyclic systems through a single operation. Intermolecular cycloaddition is also applicable to the construction of 3 stereocenters in range of 47–87 % yield.
Synthesizing Chiral Hydrocarbazoles with a Tetrasubstituted Carbon Using Holmium-Catalyzed Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition: Mechanistic Insights from Luminescence and DFT Studies Shinji Harada, Shihori Sekino, Marisa Inaba, Ayumi Okita, Tetsuhiro Nemoto, Shigeru Arai, Hitomi Ohmagari, Miki Hasegawa, and Atsushi Nishida American Chemical Society (ACS) This study analyzes the feasibility of utilizing the catalytic and enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition of sterically demanding heterocycle-incorporated siloxydienes to yield polycyclic skeletons with a tetrasubstituted carbon. A catalyst derived from lanthanide triflimide enabled the reaction. The mechanistic investigations and transformations of the adducts are also discussed. The proposed approach facilitates the synthesis of intricate polysubstituted skeletons, each with multiple contiguous chiral centers, thereby aiding in the production of diverse hydrocarbazoles for drug discovery purposes.
Photocatalytic Dearomative Intermolecular Seven-Membered Ring Construction of Benzofurans Shinji Harada, Juntaro Yamamoto, Akito Okabe, and Shigeru Arai Wiley AbstractWe report the synthesis of seven‐membered carbocycles through the dearomative intermolecular reaction of benzofurans with vinylcyclopropanes. The significant feature of this method involves activating benzofurans through energy transfer from an activated photocatalyst. Substituent effects were investigated for each substrate, and hydrocyclohepta[b]benzofurans with a tetrasubstituted carbon were obtained as a single diastereomer. This synthetic approach compliments the reported methodologies for synthesizing this type of skeleton and introduces a new feedstock for this skeleton with a different substitution pattern. Computational studies of the reaction mechanism suggested that the reaction proceeds stepwise through addition, small ring opening, and re‐cyclization. This novel synthetic approach opens up new possibilities for efficiently constructing seven‐membered carbocycles. Moreover, it provides a valuable platform for discovering unique molecules with diverse substitution patterns.
Trichloromethylative Olefin Lactonization by Photoredox Catalysis Shinji Harada, Ryotaro Koyama, Ryuya Masuda, and Shigeru Arai Wiley AbstractA trichloromethylative olefin lactonization reaction using an iridium photoredox catalyst was developed. The reactions proceeded at room temperature for olefins with various substituents and substitution patterns, and a variety of lactones with a tetrasubstituted carbon and trichloromethyl group were obtained regio‐ and stereoselectively. The reaction mechanism was elucidated through isotope labeling experiments. The chemical properties of the lactones containing the trichloromethyl groups were investigated, and synthetic transformations of the product were realized.
An efficient synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles using C[double bond, length as m-dash]C, C[double bond, length as m-dash]O and C[double bond, length as m-dash]N bonds under cobalt catalysis is described. The substituents on olefins are key for controlling the regio- and chemoselectivity in the initial hydrogen atom transfer step and quaternary carbons are efficiently constructed under mild conditions. Cyclopropane cleavage and tandem cyclization give highly functionalized bicyclic skeletons in a single operation.
Nickel-catalyzed hydrocyanation of allenes and its application Shigeru Arai Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Cyano (CN) groups are equivalent to carbonyl as well as amino- and hydroxymethyl groups. Therefore, their catalytic introduction under metal catalysis is an important issue in synthetic organic chemistry. Ni-catalyzed hydrocyanation is one of the most well-investigated, powerful tools for installing a CN group. However, it is still difficult to control chemo- and regioselectivity. In this review, the author uses allenes to enable regio-, stereo-, and face-selective transformations to natural product synthesis and axial chirality transfer.
Olefin-Migrative Cleavage of Cyclopropane Rings through the Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrocyanation of Allenes and Alkenes Hiroto Hori, Shigeru Arai, and Atsushi Nishida Wiley A nickel-catalyzed hydrocyanation triggered by hydronickelation of the carbon-carbon double bonds of allenes followed by cyclopropane cleavage is described. The observed regio- and stereochemistries in the products are strongly influenced by the initial hydronickelation step, and allenyl- and methylenecyclopropanes reacted smoothly to promote the cleavage of cyclopropane. In contrast, this cleavage was not observed with vinylidenecyclopropanes, because the initial hydronickelation does not give a suitable intermediate for cleavage of the cyclopropanes.
Total Syntheses of (+)-Grandilodine C and (+)-Lapidilectine B and Determination of their Absolute Stereochemistry Masaya Nakajima, Shigeru Arai, and Atsushi Nishida Wiley Enantioselective total syntheses of the Kopsia alkaloids (+)-grandilodine C and (+)-lapidilectine B were accomplished. A key intermediate, spirodiketone, was synthesized in 3 steps and converted into the chiral enone by enantioselective deprotonation followed by oxidation with up to 76 % ee. Lactone formation was achieved through stereoselective vinylation followed by allylation and ozonolysis. The total synthesis of (+)-grandilodine C was achieved by palladium-catalyzed intramolecular allylic amination and ring-closing metathesis to give 8- and 5-membered heterocycles, respectively. Selective reduction of a lactam carbonyl gave (+)-lapidilectine B. The absolute stereochemistry of both natural products was thereby confirmed. These syntheses enable the scalable preparation of the above alkaloids for biological studies.