Novel construction of hybrid wind turbine with solar panels: A comprehensive analysis through experimental study and numerical simulation Rinasa Agistya Anugrah, Yosef Budiman, Agus Widyianto, Alpan Hadi, Hanggar Setya Novanto, Aan Yudianto Cleaner Energy Systems, 2026 • Hybrid HAWT–PV prototype with interchangeable 3-, 4-, and 5-blade rotors is experimentally and numerically characterized for compact small-scale generation. • Blade-number effect clarified: more blades reduce vibration and shift peak response to higher frequencies, while 5 blades give the highest torque and C p with the most stable electrical output. • Validated CFD–experiment agreement shows smoother, more uniform flow at higher solidity, and the 5-blade hybrid delivers up to 28.9 W, outperforming stand-alone wind or solar units in daily energy yield. Global growth in electricity demand and the environmental impact of fossil-fuel–based generation motivate the development of compact, efficient, and structurally robust small-scale renewable systems. This study develops and validates an integrated hybrid generation system that structurally combines a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) with 3-, 4-, and 5-blade rotors and a photovoltaic panel within a single support framework. The objective is to design a compact prototype, experimentally characterize its aerodynamic and electrical performance, and evaluate its structural integrity through numerical simulation. The development method integrates experimental testing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), structural modal and harmonic response analysis using numerical simulation, and GIS-based feasibility assessment incorporating land–energy planning and seasonal wind variability. Experimental results show that the 3-blade rotor achieves higher rotational speed and a broader, nearly linear TSR range, making it suitable for stronger wind conditions. The 5-blade rotor produces the highest torque and power coefficient ( C P ) while maintaining the lowest vibration amplitude and more stable electrical output. Harmonic analysis indicates that increasing blade count reduces vibration amplitude and shifts peak response toward higher frequencies, improving operational stability. CFD simulations corroborate these findings, revealing smoother and more uniform flow fields with increasing rotor solidity. When integrated with the solar panel, the 5-blade configuration delivers a maximum combined electrical output of 28.9 W. The results demonstrate that structural integration, supported by coupled experimental–numerical validation and geo-spatial feasibility analysis, enhances daily energy yield and provides a practical design pathway for small-scale coastal hybrid renewable energy systems.
Enhancement of weld penetration, fatigue crack growth performance and corrosion resistance of A-TIG welded 304L joints using SiO2–TiO2 binary flux D.S. Pamuji, M.N. Ilman, M.A. Muflikhun, I. Aziz, A. Widyianto Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2026 Activated flux tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding is an innovative variant of TIG welding which is widely utilized in industry. In this paper, SiO 2 –TiO 2 binary flux has been applied in A-TIG welding of 304L austenitic stainless steel. The purpose of this work is to study the weld microstructure under A-TIG process and its effect on strength, fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) and corrosion characteristics of the weld joints. In this study, bead-on-plate A-TIG welding processes were performed on 6 mm-thick 304L plates using mixtures of SiO 2 ,+TiO 2 fluxes at varying compositions of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% TiO 2 . Subsequently, microstructure characterizations (optical microscopy, FE-SEM, EBSD, XRD), mechanical tests (hardness, tensile and fatigue) and corrosion measurements (potentiodynamic polarization and EIS) were conducted. Results demonstrated that SiO 2 flux was proved to produce excellent weld penetration. Despite TiO 2 flux was less effective in increasing the weld penetration but it could enhance fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance of the weld joints. This improved FCG performance was likely attributed to fine austenitic dendritic grains combined with an increase in δ-ferrite. In addition, TiO 2 flux improved corrosion resistance as indicated by its ability to reduce corrosion current density, i corr and increase both corrosion potential, E corr and pitting potential, E pitt . It seems that better combination of weld penetration, fatigue crack growth and corrosion performances may be attained by suitable proportion of SiO 2 and TiO 2 fluxes.
Numerical Investigation using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Improve Thermal Efficiency of Exhaust Manifolds in Hot Air Sterilization Systems M. Wakid, A. Widyianto, A. Widowati Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2026 This computational fluid dynamics study examined the exhaust manifold of a hot air sterilizer. The exhaust manifold's thermal and flow properties at varied engine rpm were studied to optimize the temperature profile, pressure regulation, and exhaust gas velocity. Optimizing sterilizer efficiency and heat control requires this evaluation. This study simulated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using Ansys 2023 (Student Version). Boundary conditions and a structured mesh were employed to construct the manifold for engine speeds ranging from 750 to 2000 rpm. The exhaust manifold heat transfer simulations utilized a k-ε turbulence model to account for flow dynamics accurately. Recorded and assessed exhaust gas velocities, temperatures, and pressure contours to assess system performance. The exhaust flow velocity and pressure increased substantially with engine speed up to 2000 rpm, when the engine reached 70 m/s and more than 2 kPa. The temperature profile showed considerable cooling with a maximum wall temperature of 444°C at the highest engine speed. The study found that manifold geometry, form, and material choice are crucial in limiting back pressure and heat loads at higher engine rpm. Finally, mechanical stasis zones become observable at lower flow velocities, which may help refine the design. A well-designed exhaust manifold is necessary to prevent overheating and ensure optimal gas flow. Materials like steel, which dissipate heat, are key to gadget longevity. The study's findings can enhance the performance and reliability of hot air sterilizers in high-temperature environments.
Optimizing enhanced smart architecture frame (eSAF) topology: A computational approach to weight and strength trade-offs Agus Widyianto, Yosef Budiman, Rinasa Agistya Anugrah, Nabila Naila Fatin, Sutopo, Heri Wibowo Results in Engineering, 2025 • Topology optimization was applied to the eSAF frame to achieve significant weight reduction while maintaining structural integrity. • Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under flexural and torsional loads confirmed that both original and optimized frames remained below the yield stress of 680 MPa, indicating fully elastic behavior. • Stress concentration at critical cracking zones was reduced from 171.67 MPa to 151.09 MPa, and overall frame stress dropped from 284.69 MPa to 134.98 MPa after optimization. • Despite a 29% increase in torsional stress post-optimization, the frame preserved its functionality with a safety factor above 1.5. • Three topology algorithms (SCIPIP, MFD, and C-MFD) were compared, with MFD providing the best trade-off between mass reduction and structural robustness. • The optimized geometry introduced smoother transitions and eliminated redundant ribs, enhancing manufacturability and stiffness distribution. Engineers developed the Enhanced Smart Architecture Frame (eSAF) to create a lighter motorcycle frame through advanced engineering efforts. Despite its advantages, the eSAF frame came under scrutiny after reports of structural failures. To prevent structural failures due to frame stresses, this study was conducted by identifying frame parts that need to be removed to achieve lower structural stresses after the topology optimization process. Furthermore, an evaluation of the optimization impact of such mass reduction on the overall mechanical performance of the truss is examined. This research works under a method known as topology optimization. By specifying three static load scenarios, topology optimization removes material in some parts. It reduces the bending stress to 164.52 MPa in the total area and the stress in the crack region to 154.13 MPa, as well as the torsional stress at 132.26 MPa. Both designs remained below the yield strength of 680 MPa, indicating a fully recoverable frame and confirming that no permanent melting occurred and that the structure maintained exclusively elastic behavior throughout the test under regular use. Although the present research model employs High-Strength Steel as the reference material, the incorporation of lightweight composites, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), can markedly alter the optimal design envelope. This shift facilitates an improved balance between deformation control and the preservation of high-frequency response, thereby rendering CFRP a highly suitable candidate for mitigating vibration-induced crack propagation.
Characterization of microstructure evolution and weld geometry in micro-friction stir spot welding of lightweight AZ31B magnesium alloy Agus Widyianto, Edwar Yazid, Aan Yudianto, Herminarto Sofyan, Gunadi Results in Engineering, 2025 • µFSSW technique was successfully applied to join thin AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets (0.3 mm & 0.5 mm). • Weld geometry, shear strength, and cross-tensile strength were strongly influenced by plunge depth and dwell time. • The highest shear load (326 ± 37 N) and cross load (88 ± 2 N) were achieved at 500 ms dwell time and 600 µm plunge depth. • Microstructural analysis revealed grain refinement in the Stir Zone (SZ) and partial recrystallization in the HAZ. • Results suggest µFSSW is a promising green and precise joining technique for lightweight magnesium components. The micro-friction stir spot welding (µFSSW) procedure is investigated in this study. The process is used for magnesium alloy AZ31B with different thicknesses of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm. This study examines the impact of varying plunge depths and dwell times on the geometry of welds and their mechanical performance and microstructural features. The results of the welding experiments showed that the ideal mechanical properties were achieved at a dwell duration of 500 ms and a plunge depth of 600 µm. This resulted in a maximum shear load of 326 ± 37 N and a cross-tensile load of 88 ± 2 N. The weld geometry study revealed that increasing the plunge depth and the dwell duration contributed to an increase in the weld nugget size and the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ). The results of the microhardness tests showed that the stir zone (SZ) had a higher level of hardness, generating an inverted “V” distribution with a peak of 118 HV. Metallographic investigations demonstrated that SZ included smaller grains due to dynamic recrystallization. On the other hand, the TMAZ contained coarser grains, and the heat affected zone (HAZ) contained granules that had partially recrystallized. Based on the study’s findings, it can be concluded that µFSSW is a viable approach for joining thin sheets of AZ31B. The study also highlights that dwell duration and plunge depth are crucial parameters that influence the integrity of the weld.
Comparison of Brake Cooling System on Bus: Simulation and Evaluation of Natural vs Forced Air through Machine Learning Processing Gunadi Gunadi, Agus Widyianto, Yosef Budiman, Kurniawan Sigit Wahyudi, I Wayan Adiyasa, Naufal Annas Fauzi, Zainal Arifin, Nu Nu Tun Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 2025 Intense braking can cause heat accumulation that can reduce the braking system’s efficiency and damage the braking system components due to changes in material structure. The high temperature in the braking system of heavy vehicles requires an air-cooling system that produces high-pressure air. This study compares the cooling process results between natural air and forced air. CFD modeling was chosen as the method to simulate the cooling process of bus drum brakes. The CFD method works by involving a network of elements in a system called a mesh. In CFD, the mesh is a component that focuses on dividing the fluid domain into small elements to analyze fluid flow, heat transfer, and dynamic phenomena. Using a cooling process, the brake system temperature gradually decreased as the wind speed increased. The examination proved that natural air could reach the highest temperature of 168.73 °C and the lowest temperature of 63.01 °C. Meanwhile, forced air could reach the highest temperature of 73.8 °C and the lowest temperature of 30.73 °C. Statistical models and machine learning were carried out to predict the accuracy of simulation from SOLIDWORKS. The values of average temperature after the cooling process are examined by employing the Gradient Boosting algorithm with the highest accuracy of prediction (R2) value of 0.999895 in natural conditions and 0.999822 in forced conditions. Overall, forced air shows better temperature reduction than natural air. By lowering the operating temperature, drum brake systems can extend their lifespan.
Optimization of PD Controller Using ACO for the Trajectory Tracking of a Ship-Mounted Two-DoF Manipulator System Agus Widyianto, Edwar Yazid, Midriem Mirdanies, Rizqi Andry Ardiansyah, Rahmat, Mohamad Luthfi Ramadiansyah Proceeding 6th International Conference on Information Technology Information Systems and Electrical Engineering Applying Data Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Environmental Sustainability Icitisee 2022, 2022
Experimental Study and Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Savonius Wind Turbines Using L-shaped Composite Blades for Low-wind Speed RA Anugrah, A Widyianto, Y Budiman, F Yudhanto, RR Sika, A Yudianto, ... Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 19 (7), 1593-1612 , 2026 2026
Enhancement of weld penetration, fatigue crack growth performance and corrosion resistance of A-TIG welded 304L joints using SiO2-TiO2 binary flux DS Pamuji, MN Ilman, MA Muflikhun, I Aziz, A Widyianto Journal of Materials Research and Technology , 2026 2026
Stoichiometric Optimization of Hydrogen–Oxygen Feed Ratios in A Single-Channel Polybenzimidazole PEMFC via Multiphysics Simulations RA Anugrah, Y Budiman, A Widyianto, FD Pertiwi, S Muzamil Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 100497 , 2026 2026
Novel construction of hybrid wind turbine with solar panels: A comprehensive analysis through experimental study and numerical simulation RA Anugrah, Y Budiman, A Widyianto, A Hadi, HS Novanto, A Yudianto Cleaner Energy Systems, 100242 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Influence of Weaving Speed and Torch Height on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Orbital Pipe Welded in 316L Stainless Steel Pipe E Prasetyo, AS Baskoro, A Widyianto, G Kiswanto, M Fikri, J Syarif Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 79 (3), 46 , 2026 2026
Pemberdayaan Komunitas PisauMu DIY melalui Pengembangan Desain Ergonomis Pisau Lempar Model Bilah Daun Berbasis Simulasi Numerik A Widyianto, M Solikin, RA Anugrah, OA Hidayat, RRLRNP Maira BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 7 (1), 263-273 , 2026 2026
Design and Finite Element Analysis of a Portable Bus Service Ramp to Reduce Dependence on Service Pits ND Ramadhan, M Alfarizi, A Widyianto Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology 2 (2), 132-145 , 2025 2025
Finite Element and Power Electronics Co-Design of A 12 V Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Power Steering Applications IW Adiyasa, KS Wahyudi, N Kurniadi, FSM Zaman, A Widyianto, ... 2025 International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC), 494-499 , 2025 2025
Numerical Investigation using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Improve Thermal Efficiency of Exhaust Manifolds in Hot Air Sterilization Systems M Wakid, A Widyianto, A Widowati Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 19 (1), 3280-3296 , 2025 2025
Optimizing enhanced smart architecture frame (eSAF) topology: A computational approach to weight and strength trade-offs A Widyianto, Y Budiman, RA Anugrah, NN Fatin, H Wibowo Results in Engineering, 107614 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Analysis and simulation of air-cooling system on motorcycle disc brakes to prevent overheating using computational fluid dynamics A Widyianto, M Solikin, A Budiman, BS Nugraha, HS Novanto, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 3354 (1), 030016 , 2025 2025
Testing analysis of eSAF frame in case study of frame cracking based on finite element analysis Y Budiman, A Widyianto, M Solikin, A Budiman, BS Nugraha AIP Conference Proceedings 3354 (1), 030007 , 2025 2025
Characterization of Microstructure Evolution and Weld Geometry in Micro-Friction Stir Spot Welding of Lightweight AZ31B Magnesium Alloy A Widyianto, E Yazid, A Yudianto, H Sofyan, Gunadi Results in Engineering, 105563 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
DESAIN DAN ANALISIS TELESKOPIK SILINDER HIDROLIK PADA MESIN PRES HIDROLIK MOBILE W Arrozi, A Widyianto, YG Sampurno, A Widowati, T Aminatun Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Otomotif 7 (2), 66-81 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
EVALUATION OF A COMBINED HEAT SINK AND CLAMPING METHOD TO MITIGATE WELD DISTORTION IN LOW CARBON STEEL USING GMAW. H Wibowo, S Karyono, TA Prasetya, A Fikrie, A Widyianto Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 135 (12) , 2025 2025
Effect of weaving speed on mechanical properties of stainless steel 316L pipe in orbital gas tungsten arc welding E Prasetyo, AS Baskoro, A Widyianto Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2972 (1), 012059 , 2025 2025
Comparison of Brake Cooling System on Bus: Simulation and Evaluation of Natural vs Forced Air through Machine Learning Processing Gunadi, A Widyianto, Y Budiman, KS Wahyudi, IW Adiyasa, NA Fauzi, ... Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 2 (126 … , 2025 2025
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE HYDRAULIC PRESS MACHINE USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS. A Widyianto, W Arrozi, YG Sampurno, P Paryanto, A Widowati, ... Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 133 (7) , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Development of Filament Dryer for Drying Process of 3D Printing Filament in Open Storage Condition A Widyianto 2025 Citations: 1
Peningkatan produktivitas dan efisiensi UMKM Kelorida melalui penggunaan mesin penepung daun kelor A Widyianto, OA Hidayat, RRLRNP Maira BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 6 (1), 501-509 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
The characteristics of efficacious leader in higher education: A literature review I Siswanto, M Wu, H Ma, Z Arifin, M Solikin, A Widyianto Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 17 (1), 145-157 , 2023 2023 Citations: 21
Optimization of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) parameters for minimum distortion of T welded joints of A36 mild steel by Taguchi method AS Baskoro, R Hidayat, A Widyianto, MA Amat, DU Putra Materials Science Forum 1000, 356-363 , 2020 2020 Citations: 20
Effect of pulse currents on weld geometry and angular distortion in pulsed GTAW of 304 stainless steel butt joint G Kiswanto International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering , 2020 2020 Citations: 19
Effect of welding sequence and welding current on distortion, mechanical properties and metallurgical observations of orbital pipe welding on SS 316L A Widyianto, AS Baskoro, G Kiswanto, MFG Ganeswara Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2 (12), 110 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Effect of welding current and welding speed on weld geometry and distortion in TIG welding of A36 mild steel pipe with V-groove joint M Panji, AS Baskoro, A Widyianto IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 694 (1), 012026 , 2019 2019 Citations: 17
Investigation of temperature history, porosity and fracture mode on aa1100 using the controlled intermittent wire feeder method S Baskoro, A Amat, D Putra, A Widyianto, Y Abrara Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technologies … , 2020 2020 Citations: 14
The taguchi and response surface method for optimizing orbital pipe welding parameters in pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PC-GTAW) for SS316L AS Baskoro, A Widyianto, E Prasetyo, G Kiswanto Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 77 (6), 1607-1620 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
Investigation on weld characteristic, welding position, microstructure, and mechanical properties in orbital pulse current gas tungsten arc welding of AISI 304L stainless steel … A Widyianto, AS Baskoro, G Kiswanto International Journal of Technology 13 (3), 473-48 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Analisis pengaruh arus pengerasan dan kecepatan pengelasan terhadap lebar manik las dan distorsi pada pengelasan gas metal arc welding (GMAW) dengan sambungan tumpul SS 304 AS Baskoro, DRB Prasetya, A Widyianto Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia 14 (2), 52-57 , 2019 2019 Citations: 10
Performance and Emission Characteristics Using Dual Injection System of Gasoline and Ethanol B Sulistyo, H Sofyan, T Sukardi, A Widyianto Automotive Experiences 6 (2), 245-258 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Enhancing vehicle wheel suspension test equipment through Taguchi method for optimization S Simon, D Lorenza, R Sampelolo, GAN Pongdatu, A Widyianto Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologie 5 (1), 15-27 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Dalam Konsep Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Dan Teknologi Mobil Listrik Di SMK Negeri 1 Ngawen Gunungkidul A Yudianto, H Sofyan, A Widyianto BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 3 (4), 709-715 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Pengaruh Penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8 terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas XI pada mata pelajaran sistem pengisian di SMK Negeri 1 Magelang A Widyianto Skripsi Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Fakultas Teknik Universitas … , 2016 2016 Citations: 8
Weld geometry, mechanical properties, microstructure and chemical composition of aa6063 in tungsten inert gas welding with intermittent controlled wire feeding method AS Baskoro, MA Amat, SPD Simatupang, Y Abrara, A Widyianto Metals 11 (2), 316 , 2021 2021 Citations: 7
Indentifying the effect of micro friction stir spot welding (µFSSW) parameters on weld geometry, mechanical properties, and metallography on dissimilar materials of AZ31B and … SB Membala, OS Sutresman, H Arsyad, M Syahid, A Widyianto Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4 (12), 118 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Optimization of PC-GTAW orbital welding parameters of AISI 304L stainless steel pipe using ANOVA and Taguchi method AS Baskoro, G Kiswanto, A Widyianto IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 727 (1), 012007 , 2020 2020 Citations: 6
Investigation of weld geometry, mechanical properties, and metallurgical observations of activated flux tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding on 304 austenitic stainless steel AS Baskoro, MA Amat, A Widyianto, AD Putra, SA Aryadhani Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 77 (3), 897-906 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Suppression of corrosion on stainless steel 303 with automatic impressed current cathodic protection (a-ICCP) method in simulated seawater Hamsir, O Sutresman, H Arsyad, M Syahid, A Widyianto Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6 (12), 120 , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
Analisis pengaruh arus pengelasan dan urutan pengelasan pada pengelasan pipa orbital terhadap lebar manik las dan distorsi pada pipa baja tahan karat 316L A Widyianto, AS Baskoro, G Kiswanto, MF Ginanjar Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia 16 (1), 52-60 , 2021 2021 Citations: 5
Controlling the width of weld bead from the weld pool using machine vision and artificial neural network AS Baskoro, DA Purwanto, A Widyianto MATEC Web of Conferences 269, 04003 , 2019 2019 Citations: 4
