Tahir Mahmood
@rlmc.edu.pk
Assistant Professor , Department of Physical Therapy
Rashid Latif Khan University [RLKU]Lahore Punjab –Pakistan
Iam Physical Therapist by profession and graduate (DPT) of The Superior College , University -Lahore .(Session 2011-2016). I have done my MS- Physical Therapy (Musculoskeletal) from UIPT ,The University of Lahore (Session 2017-2019). I have started my professional career in 2016 from The university of Faisalabad . Previously worked as Senior Lecturer /Physical Therapist at AGILE Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences ,Bahawalpur
EDUCATION
DPT (Superior University Lahore-Pakistan)
MSPTM (UIPT ,The University of Lahore -Pakistan)
PhD (SCHOLAR)* (UIPT ,The University of Lahore -Pakistan)
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Health (social science)
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Mahnoor Tariq, Kainaat Fatima, Shahzada Faiz Ahmad Khan, Wajeeha Mahmood, Tahir Mahmood, Sarma Khurshaid, Masooma Khalid, Mehrunisa Khoosa, and Muhammad Naveed Babur
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a common condition affecting the masticatory muscles and joint mobility. Objectives The primary objective was to compare the effects of massage therapy alone and massage therapy combined with post-isometric relaxation exercises in patients with TMD for pain and maximal mouth opening. Design Assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Setting Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital, Lahore Medical and Dental Hospital. Subjects Temporomandibular joint disorder patients. Intervention Group A (n = 23) received conventional treatment including massage and therapeutic exercises consecutively for 2 weeks. Group B (n = 23) received post-isometric relaxation technique along with conventional treatment for consecutive 2 weeks. Main measures The main outcome measures were pain and maximal mouth opening. Pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and maximal mouth opening (MMO) was measured using the TheraBite Scale. Results Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in pain and MMO scores post-treatment. However, Group B (massage with post-isometric relaxation exercises) showed significantly better outcomes compared to Group A (massage alone). There was a statistically significant difference in post-treatment pain scores (P = 0.000) and MMO scores (P = 0.000) between the two groups. Conclusion The results suggest that massage therapy combined with post-isometric relaxation is more effective than massage therapy alone in managing pain and improving mouth opening in TMD patients. The study provides evidence supporting the use of these therapies in TMD management. Trial registry number NCT05810831. Date of registration/First submission: 15 March 2023.
Aleena Waheed, Saleh Shah, and Tahir Mahmood
Aga Khan University Hospital
The rehabilitation services including physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy is an essential part of the healthcare system, which is required to enhance patients' quality of life. These services need a streamlined support system, which is required from the funding sources that significantly impact the efficacy. The accessibility, affordability, and quality of healthcare services are significantly influenced by healthcare finance and its utilization, which involves revenue generation and reimbursement processes to budgetary supervision and allocation of resources. Effective resource allocation is made possible by sound financial management, which minimizes undue usage and maximizes the use of existing resources in underfunded healthcare systems like Pakistan, where there is a greater need for funds for rehabilitation. Despite their value in the budget, rehabilitation services frequently receive a smaller portion of the healthcare budget.There is a need to focus on several funding sources, such as commercial insurance plans, public sector grants, out-of-pocket costs for patients and families, and the functions of foreign aid and charitable donations. The possible ways can be increasing insurance coverage for rehabilitation services, increasing public sector investment and encouraging increased cooperation between public and private sector parties. Ultimately, the healthcare system and the rehabilitative services can be improved for future prevention of disability and evidence-based health policies that maximize available resources and high-quality healthcare.This review offers a thorough analysis of and describes the current state of rehabilitation financing in Pakistan. In addition, it also provides considerable evaluation of barriers and suggested solutions in managing the finances required for running a viable rehabilitation system.Keywords: Budgets; Funds; Funding Resources; Finance; Healthcare System; Hospitals; Patients; RehabilitationCitation: Waheed A, Shah S, Mahmood T. Managing barriers to resource allocation for the rehabilitation services in Pakistan: a review article. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(4):776−782; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i4.2528Received: July 08, 2024; Reviewed: July 12, 2024; Accepted: July 26, 2024
Muhammad Waqar Afzal*, Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Amir Gilani, Nimra Zulfaqar, Sahar Fatima, and Tahir Mahmmod
IOS Press
BACKGROUND: Translation and validation of important scales in other languages reduce bias in reporting the functional status of the patient. OBJECTIVE: To translate the Back Pain Functional Scale into Urdu (BPFSu), adapt it for use in other cultures, and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHOD: According to Beaton guidelines, translation and cultural adaption was carried out. On 100 Urdu-literate men and women aged 18–60 years with lower back pain, the final BPFSu was assessed for psychometric qualities. First at baseline and again after 7 days, participants completed the BPFSu, the Functional Rating Index (FRI), and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). RESULTS: Internal consistency of the BPFSu was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.937). No floor and ceiling effects were found Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.882, CI 95%; 0.830–0.919) was achieved. Spearman correlation coefficient showed criterion validity with the NPRS (rho =â0.701, p⩽ 0.001) and Pearson correlation coefficient showed construct validity with the FRI (r=â0.740, p⩽ 0.001). The minimum detectable changes were 9.96, while the standard error of measurement was 3.6. CONCLUSION: The BPFSu is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing physical function in individuals experiencing low back discomfort.
Amina Irfan, PT, Tahir Mahmood and PT
Aga Khan University Hospital
In health sector, the academics require the faculty members to publish their scientific or scholarly work to contribute to the ever-evolving knowledge and understanding. It also develops connections with people of same field to promote learning and knowledge as a part of continuing education. Due to lack of formal coaching and instruction at the undergraduate level, regarding research methodology, including hypothesis development, sample size calculation, data collection and ethical approvals, the poorly constructed articles are often rejected by the reviewers. Thorough understanding of manuscript writing makes it potentially strong to be accepted by the editorial team. A quality article is a positive addition to the vast field of scientific research. Thus, to ensure the accuracy of scientific knowledge, the manuscripts have to be evaluated intricately. By addressing the issues responsible for rejections, one can maximize the rate at acceptance.
 Key words: Authors; Health Sciences; Rejection; Reasons; Publications; Research papers; Solutions
 Citation: Irfan A, Mahmood T. Major reasons involved in rejection of scientific research papers –an issue faced by the authors. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;27(1):06−08; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i1.2137
 Received: January 10, 2023; Accepted: January 16, 2023
Tahir Mahmood, Rubab Naqvi, Iqra Waseem, and Abdul Salam
Pakistan Medical Association
Neck pain is the fourth leading cause of disability, and is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. High-heel shoes, one of the significant identities of females, cause pain in the neck as well as in feet and ankle regions. The current narrative review was planned to explore evidence to highlight the biomechanical factors of high-heel shoes as the source of neck pain, which mostly remains undiagnosed. PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were explored for full text of research articles published in English language from 2016 to 2021. Of the 82 studies initially found, 22(27%) were shortlisted for full-text assessment, and, of them, 6 (27.27%) were selected for detailed analysis. Despite other contributing factors, kinematics and kinetics should be considered primarily during neck pain management. Based on best available evidence, high heels increase the individual’s height, but result in significant decrease in trunk flexion. ---Continue
Maria Zulfiqar
Dow University of Health Sciences
Wajeeha Mahmood, Hafiz Syed Ijaz Ahmed Burq, Sarah Ehsan, Basita Sagheer, and Tahir Mahmood
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background Stroke is a major cause of disability with mainly affecting trunk mobility and function. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of core stabilization exercises versus conventional therapy on trunk mobility, function, ambulation, and quality of life of stroke patients. Design Assessor blinded randomized control trial. Setting Ibrahim polyclinic—Shadman, Ch Muhammad Akram teaching hospital-Raiwind, Rasheed hospital-Defence. Subjects Chronic ischemic stroke patients. Intervention Control group (n = 21) underwent conventional treatment for stroke for 40 min/ day, 5 times/ week for 8 weeks. Experimental group (n = 20) received core stability training for additional 15 min along with conventional treatment. Main measures Main outcome measures were Trunk impairment scale (TIS), functional ambulation category (FAC), stroke specific quality of life (SSQOL) and trunk range of motion (ROM). Results The differences between the control group and experimental group post-treatment were statistically significant for trunk impairment, functional ambulation, quality of life, and frontal plane trunk motion (p-value < 0.05) with higher mean values for core stabilization training. The frontal plane trunk mobility and rotation showed non-significant differences post-treatment (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion This study concluded that core stabilization training is better as compared to the conventional physical therapy treatment for improving trunk impairments, functional ambulation and quality of life among patients of stroke. The core stabilization training is also more effective in improving trunk mobility in sagittal plane. This study is registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20210614051578N1 and was approved by the local research ethics committee of Riphah International University.
Nadia Saleem, MSOMPT, BSPT, Iqra Waseem, MSMSK, DPT, Farwah Batool, MSPTM, DPT,,et al.
Aga Khan University Hospital
Background and Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) a common wear and tear pathology of joints occurring among females. There is need of exercises regimen is known to be the most appropriate conventional treatment that stop the progression of degeneration. Pilates based exercises are recommended for reduction of the pain and strengthen the peripheral muscles. The Objective was to determine the effects of Pilates based exercises on pain and physical function in women with knee OA.
 Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 female patients with knee OA grade II and III, selected randomly and divided into two groups. After baseline evaluation using WOMAC scale, both groups received interventions for 8 weeks, 3 times per week and each session lasting for an hour. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance and independent sample t test significance at p < 0.1 were used.
 Results: In the study, 20 females in each group with mean age in Pilates group 57.60 ± 6.34 and in isometrics group was 55.65 ± 7.28. The results showed that both groups differed significantly over the time period of 8 weeks and showed significant improvement for pain and physical function; p < 0.1. When comparing Pilates with isometrics, patients in Pilates group showed significantly better improvement in terms of pain and physical function; p < 0.1.
 Conclusion: Pilates based exercises had significant effects in improving physical function and reduction of pain with statistically significant difference compared to Isometric exercises in symptomatic knee OA. Trial Registration Number: Chi CTR 2000030486
 Abbreviations: OA – Osteoarthritis; WOMAC - Western Ontario & McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index; ROM - range of motion; QoL - quality of life; PBE - Pilates based exercises
 Key Words: Exercise; Isometrics; Knee osteoarthritis; Pilates; Pain; Physical Functions; WOMAC
 Citation: Saleem N, Waseem I, Batool F, Mahmood T, Mahmood W. Effect of Pilates based exercises on symptomatic knee osteoarthritis for improving pain and physical function –a randomized controlled clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3): 291-296; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1894
 Received: November 21, 2021, Reviewed: February 8, 2022, Accepted: March 7, 2022
Tahir Mahmood
Aga Khan University Hospital
The clinical trial registry is an important platform to register clinical trials to be conducted, along with all the related information of the study, the institutions involved and the details about the authors. In the author’s opinion, this disclosure of information can effect the blind peer review process. Although medical journal editors try best to evaluate all related information, relationships and conflicts, but the disclosure in trials registry can effect the double-blind review process. This can also effect the reviewer’s decsion and can be a source of bias. The authors of medical journals should consider this to further keep the review process transparent and unbiased.
 Key words: Trials registry; Clinical trial; Medical journal; Review; Bias
 Citation: Mahmood T. Does authors’ biodata in clinical trials registry affect blind peer review process? For the consideration of medical journal editors. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):280-282.
 DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1892
 Received: April 05, 2022, Accepted: May 12, 2022
Sabiha Arshad, Iqra Waseem, Tahir Mahmood, Farwah Batool, and Abdul Salam
University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: During delivery, stress incontinence develops due to weakness of pelvic floor muscles. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of physiotherapy among post-natal women having stress urinary incontinence.
 METHODOLOGY: This Quasi-Experimental study was conducted on 40 post-natal women in the age of 25-40 years. The data was collected using a convenient sampling technique. After an informed consent, participants were assessed on the day of the visit, and pelvic floor muscle exercises [kegel exercise] were performed. First, they were assessed on 1st visit and the final assessment was made at end of treatment by using the same physical examination. The assessment was done on 1st visit and after 12 weeks, with 3-5 sessions/week. SPSS version 20.0 was used for analysis of data and paired–t test was used for comparing pre and post intervention.
 RESULTS: The current study comprised 22 (55%) participants with 25-32 years of age group and 18(45%) in 32-40 years of age. The results showed that 2 (5%) had no urine leakage, while 20(50%) had 3-4 times leakage, 25(62.5%) left their pads /garments during the treatment period. Of them 18(45%) had no restriction and 15(37.5%) had some restriction in daily activities and 19 (47.5%) have fair squeeze, 12 (30%) had a weak squeeze, p-value had shown statistically significant difference at p<0.05, stating that Kegel exercise were found effective than routine interventions for the management of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI).
 CONCLUSION: Kegel exercise (Pelvic floor muscle exercises) appeared to be an effective treatment protocol for postnatal women presenting with stress urinary incontinence with statistically significant differences on pre and post intervention analysis.
Nadia Saleem, Saima Zahid, Tahir Mahmood, Naeem Ahmed, Umer Maqsood, and Muhammad Asad Chaudhary
Pakistan Medical Association
Objective: To determine the effects of Pilates exercises on pain, knee range of motion and functional disability in women with knee osteoarthritis. Method: The double-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from April to September 2018, and comprised female patients with knee osteoarthritis. The subjects were selected randomised into control group A receiving isometrics and intervention group B receiving Pilates exercises. Both groups received one-hour sessions 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The groups were assessed at baseline and at the end of the 8th week using numeric pain rating scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index for pain and functionality level respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of 44 patients, there were 22(50%) in each of the two groups. Mean age of group B was 57.60±6.34 years, and it was 55.65±7.28 in group B. Mean body mass index of group B was 25.812±4.16, and it was 26.93±4.4 in group A. The study was completed by 40(91%) patients; 20(50%) in each of the two groups. Both groups showed significant improvement for pain, range of motion and physical function post-intervention (p<0.05). Group B showed significantly more improvement in terms of pain and physical function compared to group A (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pilates exercises were found to be more effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Key Words: Isometrics exercise, Knee osteoarthritis, Knee pain, Pilates, Range of motion, WOMAC. Continuous...
Tahir Mahmood, Waqar Afzal, Umair Ahmad, Muhammad Asim Arif, and Ashfaq Ahmad
Pakistan Medical Association
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without Instrument Assisted soft Tissue Mobilization on pain intensity, range of motion in patients with neck pain due to upper crossed syndrome. Methods: It was Randomized clinical trial. The data was collected from Physiotherapy Clinics, The Agile Institute of rehabilitation Sciences (AIRS) and National Orthopedic Hospital Bahawalpur. The study was completed from 28 August 2019 to29 February 2020 after the approval .60 patients of upper crossed syndrome diagnosed patients complaining neck pain with forwarded head posture in age range of 18-40 years were included based on following Inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two equal groups of 30 each using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Outcome tool used were Inclinometer to assess range of motion and Pain by Numeric pain Rating Scale. The Data was analysed by using SPSS version 22. Criteria of significance i.e. p-value<0.05 was taken as significant at 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Pain rating at base line in experimental compared to routine physical therapy show significant improvement as P value was 0.01.The results of Neck Flexion P=0.03, Neck Right Bending P=.00, Neck Left Bending P=0.00. The results for Neck extension 0.25 show that both techniques were equally effective. Conclusion: The study concluded that addition that Instrument soft tissue mobilization with combination of stretching exercise is more effective in management of symptoms of upper crossed syndrome. Clinical Trial Number: [IRCT20190912044754N1] Keywords: IASTM, Neck Pain, Upper Crossed Syndrome, Neck Range of Motion Continuous...
Tahir Mahmood, Muhammad Hafeez, Muhammad Waqas Ghauri, Abdul Salam, and Admin
Pakistan Medical Association
Abstract Musculoskeletal disorders are common conditions involving joints, muscles. Nerves, ligaments and tendons found in the community. These disorders affect the normal activities and causes discomfort. These discomforts are managed by different types of interventions including exercise, acupuncture, soft tissue release and manual therapy as conservative mode of management. Soft tissue release including active release technique, Fascial abrasion, and myofascial release are considered effective for musculoskeletal functions improvement. The advancements and technology improved and Instrument assisted techniques are being used. These different types of instruments including Graston, Ergon, Gua Sha, Hawk Grips, Rock Tapes, FAKTR. These instruments are sensitive in localization, specification and facilitation of the target area with the help of mechanical pressure applied on tissue with movement of specific muscle. Prognosis varies with good outcomes using fewer sessions than others.But it needs proper localization of muscle involved and special training. The advantage considered is that musculoskeletal disorders Continuous...