Samer Shukur Mohammed
@ruc.edu.iq
faculty of Pharmacy
Al-Rafidain university college
EDUCATION
Bachelor in Pharmaceutical sciences since 2007 from College of Pharmacy-University of Baghdad
Master of Science in Pharmacology since 2014 from College of Medicine-University of Baghdad
PhD in Pharmacology since 2022 from College of medicine-University of Nahrain
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Pharmacology
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scopus Publications
Samer Shukur Mohammed and Wael Waleed Mustafa
Al-Rafidain University College
Background: Lycopene has demonstrated favorable impacts on diverse health conditions, particularly those of an inflammatory nature. Objective: To evaluate the impact of topical application of lycopene on the spleens of mice with psoriasis induced by imiquimod (IMQ). Methods: The study employed a sample size of 48 mice, divided into six groups of eight mice each. The experimental protocol involved the application of IMQ to each of the five groups twice. The first application was administered for six days to induce psoriasis, followed by a second application for another six days while the tested medications were concurrently administered, with the exception of the first group, which served as the control group. Following the six-day induction phase, group 2 was treated exclusively with petrolatum jelly. On the other hand, groups 3-6 were subjected to different treatments, including clobetasol propionate, lycopene at concentrations of 0.125 mg/ml and 0.25 mg/ml, and a combination of 0.05% clobetasol and 0.25 mg/ml of lycopene. Each of the examined pharmaceutical substances was administered topically once daily for a duration of six days at the IMQ application site. Results: Lycopene at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml resulted in a significant reduction in the spleen index and a restoration of the tissue levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-23, NF-κB, and IL-17) that were close to normal. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene can significantly aid in the normalization of spleens in patients who have developed psoriasis due to imiquimod.matory capabilities.
Wael Waleed Mustafa, Samer Shukur Mohammed, Muntader Mahdi Salih, Zahraa Taha Muhsin, and Rasha Mohammed Muhsin
Al-Rafidain University College
Background: Dietary supplements (DS) are products that are intended to be consumed orally and serve the purpose of supplementing one's diet. Although, these products are very popular, their usage among undergraduate students in Iraq is still obscure. Aim: To evaluate the pattern, type, and reasons for supplement usage among Iraqi undergraduate students and to detect the source of information about dietary supplements. Methods: A sample of 442 students at different colleges in Baghdad were surveyed through a questionnaire composed of 13 questions and divided into four sections: socio-demographic, dietary supplement (DS) knowledge, DS intake, and reasons behind their usage. Descriptive statistics were conducted to determine the frequency and percentages of respondents for each variable. Results: A total of 442 participants were included in the study; 160 (36.2%) were males and 282 (63.8%) were females. Out of the total number of the participants, 329 (74%) were dietary supplement users, 139 (42.25%) were males, and 190 (57.75%) were females. Most of the participants (72%) used vit. D3 supplement, and the mean reason for using DS was to overcome nutritional deficiency. Conclusion: Most of the participants are dietary supplement users, with a higher percentage of females. The main reasons for both genders' resorting to dietary supplement use are to improve their health and improve their immunity.
Samer Shukur Mohammed, Wael Waleed Mustafa, and Manal Mohammed Younis
Al-Rafidain University College
Background and aim: Tramadol is a codeine analogue with less analgesic power than morphine but with better abuse potential. However, chronic use is associated with different adverse effects like anxiety, euphoria, nervousness, insomnia, depression, and agitation. In this study, we assessed the outcome behind the restriction on dispensing Tramadol in private health sectors in Iraq. Methods: We look at tramadol data from VigiBase data searches and the Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) that are formally supported by the WHO worldwide database. All complaints were evaluated using Vigilyze data mining and computing IC25 to assess the strength of the link between Tramadol and the adverse reactions it causes, as well as to compare them to other records from around the world. Results: For patients who used tramadol in a variety of dose forms, 184 instances were gathered over the course of seven years by the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center. There were 32 cases of hyperhidrosis, which occurred when tramadol was used alone, 47 incidents of vomiting, and 67 cases of nausea. Many adverse effects, including chest pain, hyperhidrosis, headache, dyspnea, and constipation, are more common in Iraqi records than in internationally known instances. Other side effects, such as vomiting, hallucination, vertigo, respiratory depression, and chills, were found to be milder than previously reported. There were no deaths in any of the instances that were recorded during this time period. Conclusion: The number of reported tramadol-induced adverse events has fallen significantly, which can be attributed to the ministry of health restricting tramadol dispensing and enabling public hospitals to only dispense it under medical monitoring.
Samer Shukur Mohammed, Asmaa Saleem Muhammed, and Amina Saleem Muhammed
Al-Rafidain University College
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing at an alarming rate. With an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of T2DM, various new therapeutic options have been developed and evaluated to bind different key targets in T2DM. The discovery of novel therapies through many approaches such as unprecedented drug combinations, modified drug molecules, and improved delivery systems can nullify some of the undesirable side effects of traditional agents, in addition to enhancing their effectiveness. Newer drug targets such as protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuin (SIRT), and others are novel approaches that act via different mechanisms and possibly treating T2DMof distinct variations and etiologies. Other therapies such as end barrier, gene therapy, and stem cell technology utilize advanced techniques to treat T2DM, and the potential of these therapies is still not well explored. Molecular targets in T2DM are also extensively studied as they could target the defects at the molecular level. In this regard, antibody therapies and vaccinations are also developed against T2DM; however, the ongoing clinical trials are scanty, and the developmental progress is slower. There are many therapies designed to cure T2DM, each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. The preference for the treatment plan usually depends on the health status of the patient and the treatment goal. To consider an ideal treatment option, one should worry about many factors. These include patient compliance, drug efficacy and potency, bioavailability, and other pharmacological and non-pharmacological properties among others.
W. Mustafa, Samer Shukur Mohammed and Zainab Ali Naser
Institute of Medico-legal Publications Private Limited
Migraine headache is a very common neurobiological disorder that is caused by increased excitabilityof the CNS. it has been increased the diagnosis of migraine headache which is based on the headache’scharacteristics and associated symptoms. It disturbs patients’ quality of life and weakens their work, socialactivities, and life quality. Recently WHO organization classified migraine headache as 19the along with allthe disabling diseases. Data on sex related differences in migraine headache more marked overlapping iwhtmigraine features in females’ subjects. We have conducted survey on gender difference and prevalence ofmigraine having the sample size of 500 patients from Iraq.We Selected Of 228 patients from 7-47 years who diagnosed with migraine headache according to BagdadGeneral hospital record from December 2018 to September 2019. After consent form signed, subjects wererequested to fill questionnaire included demographic, clinical characteristics, history of sickness, duration ofit, time happened in the months, general health, and other questionsThe primary outcome was women are more prone to migraine attacks than men. 2-4 hours of pain was themost common period of headache along with triggering factor of stress and poor sleep. Migraine headacheis s chronic daily sickness which is severe, and major health problem and disorder that effect on life quality.in summary, we would confirm that there is presence of distinct gender related differences in migraineheadaches add to some novel information that increase of level of migraine associated with family history.
Samer Shukur Mohammed and W. Mustafa
Institute of Medico-legal Publications Private Limited
Youth people overweight or obesity has become a main public health concern globally because of its adversarial health outcome and escalating prevalence. The aspects of disease conditions demonstrated during early older life commonly originate in youth stage of life. Iraq after wars is went through a transition where they started to go under-nutrition and co- exists with obesity. even though, there is a lack in documented information on college life and being overweight or obesity in Iraq. our study was carried out to documented for the first time the prevalence and associated factors of adulthood overweight or obesity among pharmacy department student in Alrafidain university college. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire from February 2019 to December 2019in grades 1–5 students of pharmacy department in Alrafidain university college Height and weight measurements of 300 students were taken and BMI- for-age-sex was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus. Based on that, participants were divided to three groups as normal weight (BMI 20–25), overweight (BMI 26.0–30), and obese (BMI > 31.0). Participates response rate is 81%. Age of students take a part in the current study was 21.43 ± 3.81 years. The category of students were 96 students (32%) overweight student 90(30%). The significant different P<0.05 among groups were found of particular questions included eating outside their home.
W. Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed
Smoking is one of the negative pests spread all over the world. The most valuable thing a person has is his health which is destroyed by smoking. Smoking results in many negative effects on society, so we must get rid of it so that we can live in a clean and vital environment. Programs designed to combat cigarette smoking should be targeted mainly to university students, males, heavy smokers and urban areas. More of cigarette smoking combating programs should be against manufactured cigarettes (for example, applying higher taxis). Efforts should be done to announce the problem of passive cigarette mainly in university community, among nonsmokers, females and urban areas. Enforcement of Anti-cigarette information came from health warnings on cigarette package followed by health care provider followed by the media (especially newspapers or magazines). Encouraging the smokers to consult the HCP should be considered. Attention should be paid to cigarette advertising sites specially advertisements in stores, Free samples Sale prices, noticed cigarette promotions, free gifts/discounts on other products, Clothing/item with brand name or logo, Coupons and Mail promoting cigarette. Encouraging the ways of high or moderate efficacy that help smoking cessation as the willpower, nicotine patch, changing habits, nicotine gum, cessation program, and exercise.
How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. SRP. 2020; 11(5): 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Web Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=125898 [Access: March 29, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
AMA (American Medical Association) Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. SRP. 2020; 11(5): 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Vancouver/ICMJE Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. SRP. (2020), [cited March 29, 2021]; 11(5): 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Harvard Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed (2020) Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. SRP, 11 (5), 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Turabian Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. 2020. Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11 (5), 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Chicago Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. "Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 11 (2020), 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed. "Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 11.5 (2020), 688-693. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
APA (American Psychological Association) Style
Wael Waleed Mustafa and Samer Shukur Mohammed (2020) Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Phenomenon In Iraqi University Students And Factors Affecting Its Cessation An Observational Epidemiologic Study. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11 (5), 688-693. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.5.98
Samer Shukur Mohammed, Wael Waleed Mustafa, and Saad Abdulrahman Hussain
Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd
Objective: In many type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, metformin is prescribed concomitantly with hypolipidemic agents, particularly statins. Meanwhile, variability in response to metformin is one of the most important problems in the efficacy of this combination. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of adding atorvastatin with metformin on the glycemic control, adiposity indices, and lipid profile of overweight patients newly diagnosed with type T2DM.Methods: A total of 50 overweight patients with T2DM were allocated into two groups, the first one received 850 mg/day of sustained release metformin and the second group received 10 mg/day atorvastatin in addition to the metformin. The patients were followed for 90 days through evaluating fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the lipid profile at baseline and after 90 days. In addition, the safety of the protocol was monitored through the evaluation of the renal and liver functions.Results: HbA1c, FSG, BMI, and VAI values were significantly decreased in both treatment groups compared with baseline. Meanwhile, the combination improves all the lipid profile components with respect to the baseline. No significant differences reported between the two groups regarding all the measured parameters. The addition of atorvastatin produced a slight but significant negative impact on the renal and liver functions.Conclusion: Addition of 10 mg/day atorvastatin with metformin in the treatment of newly diagnosed T2DM overweight patients did not produce significant improvement in glycemic control, adiposity index, and lipid profile compared with the use of metformin alone.