PADARTI VIJAYA KUMAR

Scopus Publications

Design of a High Gain Low Noise Amplifier at 3.3 GHz using CMOS Technology

Sea clutter suppression using neural network
Ravi Kumar Kandagatla, Vineela Malapati, Krishnaveni Cherukuri, Bharadwaj Sindhe, Vijaya Kumar Padarti, and Bala Krishna Thammileti
Faculty of International Maritime Studies
Sea clutter suppression is a critical task in radar systems to enhance target detection performance in complex naval environments and at coastlines. This paper discusses the use of neural networks for marine clutter suppression and coastal surveillance radar clutter suppression. Effective maritime clutter suppression is made possible by the Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based clutter reduction method, which uses neural network deep learning capabilities to automatically identify and extract features and patterns from raw radar data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is utilized for clutter suppression along the shoreline. To train and test the network model, a sizable collection of radar measurements, including clutter and target echoes, is gathered. After pre-processing, the gathered data is used in a specially created model, which uses its underlying patterns to distinguish between target echoes and clutter. Then, clutter in real-time radar signals is suppressed using the learned neural network models, improving the detection of targets on the sea and at the coastline. Performance measures Structural Similarity (SSIM) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) shows that the proposed method provides improved clutter reduction. Highlights Maritime clutter suppression is required for better visibility of targets Neural Networks provides better clutter suppression Clutter reduction using PPI images helps in Surveillance applications Objective performance measures SNR and SSI are used for performance analysis Better training and good dataset helps in improved clutter reduction for neural network approaches

Multi-image fusion: optimal decomposition strategy with heuristic-assisted non-subsampled shearlet transform for multimodal image fusion
Jampani Ravi, B. V. Subbayamma, P. Vijaya Kumar, Yadavalli S. S. Sriramam, S. Marlin, Adlin Sheeba, and N. V. Phani Sai Kumar
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Isolation and Bandwidth Enhancement of Compact Wideband MIMO for Sub-6 GHz, Ku-band and Millimeter-Wave with UWB Applications
Kudumu Vara Prasad, Narala Venkateswari, Miryala Sandhyarani, Padarti Vijaya Kumar, and Kesana Mohana Lakshmi
The Electromagnetics Academy

Design of an edge-truncated patch antenna (ETPA) for near-range vehicular RADAR applications
Satyanarayana Murthy Nimmagadda, Satyanarayana Penke, Vijaya Kumar Padarti, Saritha Vanka, and Siva Naga Malleswari Nemalikanti
AIP Publishing
In recent years, the evolution of vehicular safety systems and the burgeoning field of autonomous vehicles have underscored the need for advanced radar solutions tailored to these specific applications. By addressing this need, this paper presents an innovative radar antenna design—the Edge Truncated Patch Antenna (ETPA) integrated with a Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR). Distinct from prevalent designs, our novel approach hinges on the unique properties of the CSRR to impart broad-spectrum characteristics to the antenna. This innovation culminates in the realization of an ultra-wide bandwidth of 6.24 GHz, which effectively spans from 24.03 to 30.27 GHz. This bandwidth alignment with the primary frequency range predominantly used in short-range vehicular RADAR applications positions the ETPA as a frontrunner in this domain. A noteworthy feature of our design is its compactness. With dimensions of 5.1 × 4.7 × 0.8 mm3, the proposed antenna stands out as one of the most space-efficient and performance-oriented designs in the contemporary literature. The rigorous simulation processes employed revealed an impressive consistency when juxtaposed with measured outcomes. Minor variations between the two are attributed to inevitable fabrication and soldering nuances. Our design process, from the initial conception to the final product, underscores the pivotal role of meticulous parameter optimization and innovative integration of the CSRR. In conclusion, the proposed ETPA, with its enhanced bandwidth, compact footprint, and consistent performance, establishes a new benchmark in the field.

Investigating the Accuracy of Sleep Stage Classification in Pediatrics: A Comprehensive Review
Prabhakar Lurdhu Merin, Ravi Raja A, S.V.S.Prapoornetri Vishnubhotla, Kalaka Ashok, Tellakula Ramya Sri, and P Vijaya Kumar
IEEE
Getting sufficient sleep is a crucial component of maintaining overall wellness for human beings. The quality of one's sleep has a direct impact on it. In order to understand the problems related to sleep, it is important to study sleep stages. In this fast-paced world challenges can be both physically and mentally and quality of sleep is as essential to lead a healthy life. The process of categorizing sleep stages is arduous and requires a significant amount of time. There have been numerous automatic techniques devised to tackle this issue. Deep learning algorithms like CNN, RNN and machine learning algorithms which include SVM, RF, LSTM, KNN, which are implemented over sleep recordings like PSG, EEG etc, despite the prevalence of adult sleep stage classification methods, there is a need to create pediatric sleep stage classification methods since sleep problems in children are significantly more widespread than in adults. This study discusses many pediatric sleep stage categorization approaches that have been proposed in recent years and their analysis.

Enhancement of Throughput and Energy Effeiciency Using Enhanced Dynamic Power Consumption MAC Protocol in MANET
B. Sujitha, P. Vijay Kumar, Usha Devi Yalavarthi, Arun M, K. N. V. Suresh Varma, and V. Gokula Krishnan
IEEE
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, also known as MANETs, are a type of network that lacks infrastructure and consists of nodes that share information directly with one another. Nodes can join or depart the network at any moment if they are within transmission range. The routing procedure will determine whether there is communication taking place between mobile nodes (MN s). The process of determining the route between the origin and the intended destination to send the appropriate data packets is referred to as routing. In a MANET, the usage of routing strategies is necessary for the efficient delivery of data packets. Because there is less power in nodes, ensuring that the routing method is energy efficient is the primary concern. The process of conducting steps of a procedure in an iterative manner to locate the best possible answer is an example of an optimization strategy. The MANET platform was used by a substantial number of academics to conduct their investigations on energy-efficient static and dynamically optimized routing schemes. The MAC protocol for IEEE 802.11 has a power saving mechanism, although there are various restrictions placed on its use. In this research, we propose an improved MAC protocol known as the Enhanced Dynamic Power Consumption MAC protocol (EDPCMP), which is designed to conserve energy. It has been demonstrated that EDPCMP is superior to DPCMP in terms of maintaining a balanced throughput on the network and reducing energy consumption. The result of proposed method shows that, for 50 nodes it is observed that, throughput of EDPCMP is 74.61 % improved compared to SPCMP (Static Power Consumption MAC protocol) and for n=50 the throughput of EDPCMP is 61.42% improved compared with DPCMP (Dynamic Power Consumption MAC protocol). Similarly for 50 nodes it is observed that, energy consumption of EDPCMP is 71.22% improved compared to SPCMP and for n=50 the energy consumption of EDPCMP is 53.12% improved compared with DPCMP.

Systematic Review of Diagnostic Modalities for Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Analysis
P Bhavitha, J Harish, A Ravi Raja, Phani Kumar Polasi, D Anjali, and P Vijaya Kumar
IEEE
Sleep apnea is a prevalent sleep condition where a person experiences frequent interruptions in breathing during their sleep. Which can lead to decreased oxygen levels and poor quality of sleep. The sleep cycle consists of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and three distinct phases of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM). Sleep apnea eventually decreases the amount of time spent in REM and NREM3 (Which is the deepest stage of sleep. Sleep apnea primarily falls into three categories. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a condition where the soft tissues in the lower portion of the throat relax during slumber, obstructing the upper airway. A lack of the appropriate signals that the brain sends to control the muscles that control breathing is a defining feature of central sleep apnea (CSA). The combination of central and obstructive sleep apnea is known as mixed sleep apnea (MSA). Sleep apnea cases have been tremendously reported in recent years. In adults, excess weight and obesity that affect the soft tissues of the mouth and pharynx are the primary causes of OSA, whereas, in children, enlarged tonsils and adenoids are responsible for the condition. Loud snoring, extreme daily sleepiness, impaired memory, and fatigue are some signs of sleep apnea. A sleep study can be used to identify sleep apnea. Monitoring a person’s brain waves, documenting their muscle movements, and using equipment like Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are all part of polysomnography (PSG). Untreated sleep apnea can result in metabolic and cardiovascular problems. For a better existence, a study on sleep apnea is recommended.

Fusion of Adaptive SLM Technique with Companding for PAPR reduction in 5G MIMO-OFDM System
Teja Sai Vishnu Vardhan D, Narendra Kumar A, Vijaya Kumar P, Chandra Kiran K, Jyothiraditya G, and Ravi Raja A
IEEE
Nowadays, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) along with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a key technique in wireless communication systems. OFDM is widely used in 4G and 5G technologies, underwater communications, wireless local area networks (LANs), etc. to achieve high data rates, great spectrum efficiency, and low complexity in design. High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio is the main flaw of an OFDM system (PAPR). Multiple subcarriers are added to the OFDM system constructively, increasing the system's PAPR. The Selective Mapping (SLM) methodology has been shown to be one of the most effective PAPR reduction methods currently among different reduction techniques. This method's fundamental problem is that it transmits side band information along with each data block to notify the receiver about the sequence chosen, which increases the computational complexity. Therefore, adaptive Selective Mapping (SLM) technique which reduces computational complexity is proposed. In the literature survey, it is observed that the Companding technique offers better PAPR reduction. We proposed a hybrid technique in fusion with adaptive SLM and Companding. When compared to the standard strategy, the proposed method significantly reduces both the computational complexity and the PAPR while only slightly deteriorating the bit error rate (BER). According to simulation results, the designed methodology lowers the PAPR to 1.52 dB at CCDF of 10^-2.

Improved MFO Algorithm Based PTS Scheme in OFDM Systems For PAPR Reduction
P Priyanka, Rajiya Begum Shaik, Kumar P Vijaya, Prasanth S Sasi, P Ruthvik, and Raja A Ravi
IEEE
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation method employed in wireless communications. To achieve High-speed transmission over fading channels with frequency selection, the OFDM approach is frequently used. The peak-to-average power ratio is a measure of how dynamically the OFDM signals vary in amplitude over time because of their multicarrier nature (PAPR). When PAPR is high, the OFDM signal will clip when it is amplified by a non-linear high-power amplifier (HPA), which will reduce performance. It also increases the bit error rate (BER) and power spectral density (PSD). It was suggested that partial transmit sequence (PTS) might enhance OFDM systems PAPR performance. But by adding it, the system’s computational complexity is significantly increased as in this process the best solution has to be selected among number of solutions which is complex and time consuming. So, we need an optimization algorithm to select the best solution. Hence, we proposed a PTS PAPR reduction scheme optimized by moth flame optimization (MFO) algorithm. Previously we had to manually choose the samples, but now by using MFO algorithm the system automatically chooses the samples, which saves time and reduces computational complexity of PTS scheme. This technique provides us with samples that have lower PAPR levels in OFDM systems. So, this proposed method gives us the signals with low PAPR, and reduces the BER and PSD.

A Study on Effectiveness of Deep Neural Networks for Speech Signal Enhancement in Comparison with Wiener Filtering Technique
Vijay Kumar Padarti, Gnana Sai Polavarapu, Madhurima Madiraju, V. V. Naga Sai Nuthalapati, Vinay Babu Thota, and V. D. Subramanyam Veeravalli
Springer International Publishing

An Efficient Clipping Method for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems
Vijaya Kumar Padarti, Chandini Dasari, P V Venu Gopal Dokala, Venkata Sravya Chowtapalli, and L V Rama Kowshik Avula
IEEE
When employing multicarrier modulation, the subcarriers should be orthogonal to each other to improve reliability, which is known as the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The operation point of the high power amplifier (HPA) on the transmitter side will change to the saturation region with rising in peak to average power ratio(PAPR)leads to in-band distortion (IBD) and out-of-band radiation (OBD). Hence PAPR is considered the biggest limitation in OFDM systems. Many PAPR reduction schemes can be broadly classified into two groups which are distortion-less systems like Selective Mapping (SLM) and Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) and pre-distortion systems like clipping and companding. This study presents how to overcome PAPR in terms of performance by employing an Iterative Clipping and Filtering (ICF) technique for PAPR reduction. This method is simple to deploy and reduces PAPR by modifying the amplitude distribution (AD) of the OFDM signals to achieve uniform distribution(UD). This paper summarizes three distinct approaches for reducing PAPR by clipping followed by filtering that are not directly dependent on a clipping ratio(CR) parameter and enhances the PAPR performance using MATLAB Simulation

Computationally Efficient Hybrid Algorithm for Peak to Average Power Ratio Reduction in Multiuser MIMO OFDM System
Vijaya Kumar Padarti, Mukesh Ghantasala, Sivaram Naik Jarapala, Krishna Sai Nunna, and Tarun Teja Suramsetty
IEEE
Thereare some of the constraints encountered in Multiuser Multiple Input and Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MU-MIMO-OFDM) system are high Peak to average power ratio in the sent signal and intervention happened among various users. This paper proposes a new hybrid model algorithm to beat the issue of high Peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Unlike past calculations which are clipping & FITRA handled issues like computational complexity and PAPR. To get assessments of the hyper-parameters associated with previous model, as well as the signal, a variational Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is developed. In addition, the combined Generalised Approximate Message Passing (GAMP) is embedded into a finite difference EM architecture, resulting in a significant reduction in the computational cost of the desired approach. With our intended algorithm, carry out a significant presentation improvement over existing strategies as far as the PAPR decrease and Computational complexity.

An improved ASOICF algorithm for PAPR Reduction in OFDM systems
Vijaya Padarti, , Venkateswara Nandhanavanam, and
The Intelligent Networks and Systems Society

Adaptive SOICAF Algorithm for PAPR Mitigation in OFDM Systems
Vijaya Kumar Padarti and N. Venkateswara Rao
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Performance analysis of OFDM-based massive MIMO downlink system
Vijaya Kumar Padarti, , Dr.N.Venkateswara Rao, and
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Engineering and Sciences Publication - BEIESP
Massive MIMO systems are the key technology for evolution of 4G, 5G standards in telecommunication environment. One of the major limitations in OFDM based massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink system is peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Transmitting symbol vectors to different set of users, the main idea is estimate the low PAPR OFDM modulated signal with reduced multi user interference. Many techniques were used to mitigate the PAPR problem, but they consume more computational time, particularly in Massive MIMO systems. The proposed ETG (Expectation maximization Truncated Gaussian mixture Generalized approximate passing) employs truncated Gaussian mixture prior to get low PAPR signal. To understand the prior signal, expectation step helps in identifying hidden variables; maximization step helps in identifying deterministic parameters. Generalized approximate passing is applied to mitigate the computational complexity. Numerical simulated results in comparison with existing techniques suggests that desired level of PAPR is achieved with less computation time with minute degradation in symbol error rate(SER).By choosing proper normalization we can achieve same SER with reduced PAPR.

Performance evaluation of coexistence of WiFi and LTE licensed-assisted access to unlicensed spectrum using Markov chain analytical model
Vijaya Kumar Padarti*, , Dr.N.Venkateswara Rao, and
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Engineering and Sciences Publication - BEIESP
LTE with the inclusion MIMO renders high data rate, we introduce a model for system performance evaluation considering typical coexistence of LAA LTE and WiFi. Currently, as the need for high bandwidth to satisfy high data rate demanding services increased significantly over the years, the operators are thinking about various answers for incrementing system limit. As the authorized range has been costly, utilizing LTE in the unlicensed spectrum will be a hopeful strategy to oblige trade requirement for versatile information. Expecting that LAA eNBs perform CCA as a similar way to WiFi CSMA, we utilize Markov chain to help assess the influenced execution of WiFi as well as the connection between the joint framework execution and LAA most extreme transmission time. Nonetheless, LTE needs to exist together with different heterogeneous system, particularly WiFi, prior in the unlicensed medium.

A Novel Method for ICI Cancellation in OFDM Systems
P. Vijaya Kumar and N. Venkateswara Rao
IEEE
Inter carrier interference is a major detrimental problem in frequency selective channels. Space-time (ST) coding joined with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a vigorous transmission framework. In any case, ST-OFDM framework execution may corrupt as a result of the intercarrier interference (ICI) in recurrence particular blurring channels. To moderate the ICI, a parallel cancelation combined with a 2×1 ST code technique is used in STPC-OFDM framework. Since this new framework integrates ICI PC with channel coding gain bit-error rate (BER) execution is better contrasted with the STPC-OFDM framework with bringing down error floor in recurrence specific portable blurring channels. Besides, the Walsh-Hadamard (WH) change is additionally connected to the STTC-STPC-OFDM framework to shape a novel STTC-WH-STPC-OFDM design and enhance the general framework execution fundamentally with similar information rate, same power and enhancing other system parameters as that of STTC-STPC-OFDM frameworks.

A novel method for joint- PAPR mitigation in OFDM-based massive MIMO downlink systems
Padarti Vijaya Kumar and Venkateswara Rao Nandanavanam
Science Publishing Corporation
Massive MIMO has gained much attention with the increase in the high speed data communication. The problem of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is considered, the detrimental aspects in OFDM based massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink systems. The previous works done in reduction of PAPR problem using convex optimization are computationally inefficient. We considered Bayesian approach to mitigate PAPR by utilizing the redundant degrees of freedom (DOF) of the transmit array, which effectively reduced the level of PAPR. The performance or numerical results indicate the applied algorithm achieved a good improvement over the existing techniques in terms of the PAPR reduction.

PADARTI VIJAYA KUMAR

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