Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain
@intbattcenter.com
Chief Executive Officer
International Battery Center Sdn. Bhd.
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Lithium ion batteries, electrode, dye sensitized solar cell, Na ion batteries, copolymer, lithium solid polymer electrolytes, composite and ceramic electrolytes for potential application in lithium batteries,
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Lee Tian Khoon, Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain, and Azizan Ahmad
Elsevier
Muhammad Amirul Aizat Mohd Abdah, Marliyana Mokhtar, Lee Tian Khoon, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain, Azizan Ahmad, Yusran Sulaiman, Federico Bella, and Mohd Sukor Su’ait
Elsevier BV
Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain, Marliyana Mokhtar, Jahwarhar Izuan Abdul Rashid, Victor Feizal Knight, Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus, Keat Khim Ong, Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim, and Siti Aminah Mohd Noor
MDPI AG
Conducting polymers have been widely used in electrochemical sensors as receptors of the sensing signal’s analytes and transducers. Polypyrrole (PPy) conducting polymers are highlighted due to their good electrical conductive properties, ease in preparation, and flexibility of surface characteristics. The objective of this review paper is to discuss the theoretical background of the two main types of electrochemical detection: impedimetric and voltammetric analysis. It also reviews the application and results obtained from these two electrochemical detections when utilizing PPy as a based sensing material in electrochemical sensor. Finally, related aspects in electrochemical sensor construction using PPy will also be discussed. It is anticipated that this review will provide researchers, especially those without an electrochemical analysis background, with an easy-to-understand summary of the concepts and technologies used in electrochemical sensor research, particularly those interested in utilizing PPy as a based sensing material.
Mariah Zuliana Dzulkipli, Jamilah Karim, Azizan Ahmad, Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain, Mohd Sukor Su’ait, Masahiro Yoshizawa-Fujita, Lee Tian Khoon, and Nur Hasyareeda Hassan
MDPI AG
After decades of development, ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPEs) are currently experiencing a renaissance as a promising electrolyte to be used in electrochemical devices. Their inherent tendency towards poor electrochemical properties have limited their applications and commercialization activities. Henceforth, gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is being introduced to alleviate the abovementioned issues. In this work, the assessment of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4] in poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) to form ILGPE was done. The relationship of [BMIM][BF4] towards the dielectric properties at different wt. % ratios and temperature was ascertained. The results indicated that [BMIM]BF4 is able to facilitate fast conduction. Moreover, it was found that [BMIM][BF4] could serve as an effective agent in reducing crystallinity and glass transition temperature of the polymer and thus enhanced the ionic conductivity of the samples. Notwithstanding, the ILGPE sample possessed a high thermal stability up to 300 °C and good electrochemical stability of 4.2 V which are beneficial for operation in electrochemical devices. All in all, the correlation between the ionic liquid chemistry and electrochemical performances could provide a valuable insight to rational selection and design for ILGPE electrolytes.
Tian Khoon Lee, Rassmus Andersson, Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkurnain, Guiomar Hernández, Jonas Mindemark, and Daniel Brandell
Wiley
Funeka P. Nkosi, Mario Valvo, Jonas Mindemark, Nurul A. Dzulkurnain, Guiomar Hernández, Andrii Mahun, Sabina Abbrent, Jiri Brus, Libor Kobera, and Kristina Edström
American Chemical Society (ACS)
A composite electrolyte based on a garnet electrolyte (LLZO) and polyester-based co-polymer (80:20 e-caprolactone (CL)-trimethylene carbonate, PCL-PTMC with LiTFSI salt) is prepared. Integrating th...
N.F. Zain, N.A. Dzulkurnain, A. Ahmad, F. Salleh, and N.S. Mohamed
Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems
Novel copolymer of ethyl methacrylate - deproteinized natural rubber was prepared by solvent - free UV - curing technique and used as a host in solid polymer electrolytes. For the preparation of polymer electrolytes, magnesium iodide was used as the doping salt. The interaction occurred between polymer and magnesium iodide ions was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that degradation temperature decreased upon addition of magnesium iodide salt. The ionic transport number measurement gave a value of 0.93 confirming that the sample was an ionic conductor. The cationic transport number was found to be 0.04 indicating iodide anions were the main conducting species. The dye sensitized solar cell employing this new copolymer based electrolytes showed reasonably good photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency. spectra showed that the EMA and DPNR monomer were successfully copolymerized and the crystallinity of the copolymer decreased with addition of 15 wt% of MgI, hence increased the ionic conductivity. The transference number measurements confirmed that the charge transport in the SPEs was predominantly due to iodide anions. Iodide anions are important for redox mediator in DSSCs. TGA studies confirmed that the SPEs were thermally stable for DSSCs. The photovoltaic performance of P(EMA - co - DPNR) based DSSCs indicated that the SPEs have potential to be further explored for application in DSSCs.
M. Z. Dzulkipli, A. Ahmad, M. S. Su’ait, S. A. M. Noor, N. A. Dzulkurnain, J. Karim, and N. H. Hassan
AIP Publishing
Ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) film consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] with different composition ratio were prepared through solution casting technique. The prepared films were subjected to impedance, temperature dependence, and total ionic transference number analysis. Ionic conductivity for each ILGPEs were measured at room temperature and with increasing temperature ranging from 303 to 373 K. The maximum room temperature ionic conductivity is found to be 2.84 × 10-3 S cm-1 for film containing 60% composition ratio of [Bmim][BF4]. Temperature dependence analysis showed that the ionic conductivity of the ILGPEs increased with increasing temperature and seem to obey Arrhenius behaviour. Total ionic transference number showed that ions are the major charge carriers in this system.Ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) film consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] with different composition ratio were prepared through solution casting technique. The prepared films were subjected to impedance, temperature dependence, and total ionic transference number analysis. Ionic conductivity for each ILGPEs were measured at room temperature and with increasing temperature ranging from 303 to 373 K. The maximum room temperature ionic conductivity is found to be 2.84 × 10-3 S cm-1 for film containing 60% composition ratio of [Bmim][BF4]. Temperature dependence analysis showed that the ionic conductivity of the ILGPEs increased with increasing temperature and seem to obey Arrhenius behaviour. Total ionic transference number showed that ions are the major charge carriers in this system.
Shuhib Mamat, Mohamad Faizzi, Mohd Sukor Su’ait, Norasikin Ahmad Ludin, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Nurul Akmaliah Dzulkarnain, Azizan Ahmad, Kee Shyuan Loh, Tian Khoon Lee, and Daniel Brandell
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM Press)
Kajian terhadap elektrolit polimer berasaskan 49% poli(metil metakrilat) cangkukan getah asli (MG49) dengan natrium iodida (NaI) dalam aplikasi sel suria terpeka pewarna (DSSC) telah dijalankan. Kesan kepekatan garam ke atas sifat elektrokimia, morfologi, kimia dan kehabluran MG49-NaI telah dianalisis menggunakan spektroskopi impedan elektrokimia (EIS), mikroskopi imbasan elektron (SEM), spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD). Morfologi keratan rentas menunjukkan struktur membran berliang mikro dan homogen. Nilai kekonduksian ion tertinggi pada suhu bilik bagi membran elektrolit polimer MG49-NaI pada penambahan 30 % bt. garam NaI adalah 8.86 × 10-5 S cm-1. Analisis inframerah menunjukkan interaksi antara atom oksigen dengan ion natrium berlaku pada kumpulan berfungsi eter (C–O–C) dan karbonil (C=O). Sifat kehabluran MG49-NaI polimer elektrolit didapati berkurang dengan peningkatan kepekatan garam. Analisis kronoamperometri memberikan nilai nombor pindahan ion (tion) sebanyak 0.92 membuktikan elektrolit polimer MG49-NaI (30 % bt.) adalah pengkonduksi jenis ion. Ujian prestasi DSSC keadaan pepejal bagi FTO/TiO2-N719/MG49-NaI (30 % bt.)/I2/Pt sampel telah memberikan keputusan kecekapan setinggi 0.26% dengan prestasi fotovoltaik, Jsc, Voc dan ff masing-masing adalah 1.30 mA cm-2, 0.56 V dan 34.91. Membran dalam keadaan pepejal-kuasi atau separa pepejal memberikan nilai kecekapan 3.48 % dengan nilai Voc = 0.75 V, Jsc = 12.71 mA cm-2 dan FF = 37.70.
S. H. Tamin, N. A. Dzulkurnain, S. B. R. S. Adnan, M. H. Jaafar, and N. S. Mohamed
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
N.N. Mobarak, F.N. Jantan, N.A. Dzulkurnain, A. Ahmad, and M.P. Abdullah
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM Press)
Karboksimetil kitosan menunjukkan potensi untuk digunakan sebagai polimer induk bagi aplikasi elektrolit polimer pepejal. Kesan garam litium nitrat terhadap sifat elektrokimia elektrolit polimer pepejal berasaskan karboksimetil kitosan telah dijalankan. Elektrolit polimer pepejal berasaskan karboksimetil kitosan disediakan melalui teknik pengacuan larutan dengan nisbah garam litium nitrat (LiNO3) yang berbeza. Pencirian filem telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier-pantulan penuh kecil (ATR-FTIR) dan Spektroskopi Impedans Elektrokimia (EIS) bagi penentuan interaksi kimia dan sifat elektrokimia polimer elektrolit tersebut. Spektrum ATR-FTIR menunjukkan ion litium cenderung untuk berinteraksi dengan kumpulan karbonil dan kumpulan ester dalam struktur karboksimetil kitosan. Kekonduksian ion tertinggi yang dicapai adalah 8.44 × 10-4 S cm-1 dengan kepekatan garam 30 bt. % LiNO3 pada suhu bilik dan 5.25 × 10-3 S cm−1 pada suhu 70°C. Filem karboksimetil kitosan-30% LiNO3 mencapai kestabilan secara elektrokimia sehingga 2.94 V. Keputusan kajian yang diperoleh menunjukkan elektrolit polimer pepejal berasaskan karboksimetil kitosan memberi satu tarikan baru bagi aplikasi bateri ion litium.
N. A. Dzulkurnain, M. S. A. Rani, A. Ahmad, and N. S. Mohamed
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
N. A. Dzulkurnain, A. Ahmad, and N. S. Mohamed
American Scientific Publishers
M. S. A. Rani, N. A. Dzulkurnain, A. Ahmad, and N. S. Mohamed
Informa UK Limited
This work was undertaken to study the conductivity and dielectric behavior of a biopolymer electrolyte based on carboxymethyl cellulose that was synthesized from kenaf fiber. Biopolymer electrolytes comprised of various weight percentage ratios of the host polymer, ammonium acetate salt, and butyl-trimethyl ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid were prepared by the solution casting technique. The conductivity values were determined by impedance spectroscopy. The highest conductivity found was 2.18 × 10−3 S cm−1 at ambient temperature for the film incorporated with 20 wt.% salt and 20 wt.% ionic liquid. In order to understand the conductivity behavior, a dielectric study was carried out. The results showed that the system obeys the Arrhenius rule and confirmed non-Debye behavior in the sample.
Nurul Dzulkurnain, Azizan Ahmad, and Nor Mohamed
MDPI AG
Polymer electrolytes based on 90 wt% of methyl methacrylate and 10 wt% of ethyl methacrylate (90MMA-co-10EMA) incorporating different weight ratios of sodium iodide were prepared using the solution casting method. The complexation between salt and copolymer host has been investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ionic conductivity and thermal stability of the electrolytes were measured using impedance spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the polymer electrolytes. The ionic conductivity and glass transition temperature increased up to 20 wt% of sodium iodide (5.19 × 10−6 S·cm−1) and decreased with the further addition of salt concentration, because of the crosslinked effect. The morphology behavior of the highest conducting sample also showed smaller pores compared to the other concentration. The total ionic transference number proved that this system was mainly due to ions, and the electrochemical stability window was up to 2.5 V, which is suitable for a dye-sensitized solar cell application. This sample was then tested in a dye-sensitized solar cell and exhibited an efficiency of 0.62%.
Mazdida Sulaiman, N.A. Dzulkarnain, A.A. Rahman, and N.S. Mohamed
Elsevier BV
N.A. Dzulkurnain and Mohamed Nor Sabirin
Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
(100-x) LiCF3SO3 + (x) CeO2 composite electrolytes were prepared using sol-gel technique followed by sintering at 300 °C for four hours. Structural property and conductivity of the prepared composite electrolytes were studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis and Impedance Spectroscopy. The XRD spectra show only crystalline peaks of CeO2 indicating that LiCF3SO3 exists in the form of amorphous phase. This is confirmed by SEM and EDX analyses. The highest ionic conductivity at room temperature is found to be in the order of 10-3 S cm-1 for the composite of 70 mol % LiCF3SO3 - 30 mol % CeO2. The conductivity of the composite electrolytes is observed to increase gradually with temperature.
N.A. Dzulkurnain and N.S. Mohamed
Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Composite solid electrolyte systems composed of different compositions of lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) as host, and cerium oxide (CeO2) as dispersoid were prepared using sol-gel method. The electrical, structural and morphological properties of the composite solid electrolytes were investigated using impedance spectroscopy (IS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Maximum room temperature conductivity was obtained for the system of 60 mol % LiCF3SO3 – 40 mol % CeO2.