Sushil Kr Singh

EDUCATION

M.Sc., Ph.D.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Groundwarer pollution due to Arsenic and Fluoride, Littoral Ecology

Scopus Publications

Phase-controlled construction of copper-leaf-like 2D NiS for enhanced supercapacitor performance: A supercritical fluid approach
Kunal Roy, Navya Rani Marilingaiah, Abhishek Kumar, Manikanta Palya Narayanaswamy, Channabasaveshwar V. Yelamaggad, Prasanna Doddakunche Shivaramu, Vidyashankar S, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Dinesh Rangappa
Elsevier BV



Turbulence and transport by electron temperature gradient driven instability in large volume plasma device
L. M. Awasthi, Prabhakar Srivastav, S. K. Singh, A. K. Sanyasi, P. K. Srivastava, Rameswar Singh, R. Sugandhi, R. Singh, and S. K. Mattoo
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractWe present a topical review of the detailed experimental investigations of the Electron Temperature Gradient (ETG) instability-induced turbulence and associated transport that have been carried out in the Large Volume Plasma Device (LVPD) at the Institute for Plasma Research. These results pertaining to a high beta plasma are supported by theoretical modeling and their significance with relation to earlier ETG investigations are discussed. The removal of non-thermal electrons and control of electron temperature gradient, $$\\nabla {T}_{e}$$ ∇ T e are achieved in a finite beta plasma (β ∼ 0.6) by making use of an Electron Energy Filter (EEF). It divides the plasma into source, EEF and target regions. In the core region ($$x\\le 50$$ x ≤ 50 cm) of target plasma, the observed electromagnetic instability exhibits fluctuations in the lower hybrid range of frequencies ($$f=1-80 kHz$$ f = 1 - 80 k H z ), with a broad band spectra having its peak power at wave number, $${k}_{\\perp }=\\left(0.1-0.2\\right)$$ k ⊥ = 0.1 - 0.2 cm−1 and frequency, f ~ 10 kHz satisfying condition $${k}_{\\perp }{\\rho }_{e}\\le 1$$ k ⊥ ρ e ≤ 1 and $${k}_{\\parallel }/{k}_{\\perp }<$$ k ‖ / k ⊥ < 1, where $${\\rho }_{e}$$ ρ e is the electron Larmor radius and $${k}_{\\perp }$$ k ⊥ and $${k}_{\\parallel }$$ k ‖ are the perpendicular and parallel wave numbers, respectively. It was demonstrated successfully that when $$\\nabla {T}_{e}$$ ∇ T e is made significant such that$${\\eta }_{e}\\approx {L}_{n}/{L}_{Te}>2/3$$ η e ≈ L n / L Te > 2 / 3 , where $${L}_{n}$$ L n is density scale length and $${L}_{Te}$$ L Te is electron temperature scale length, the ETG scale turbulence gets excited in the presence of pre-excited Whistler mode. A linear theory of coupled Whistler-Electron Temperature Gradient (W-ETG) mode is developed using a two-fluid model applicable for the LVPD plasma. A comparison of the experimental and numerical results is found to be in good agreement. Upon identification of the ETG turbulence, the electrostatic and electromagnetic particle fluxes and energy flux induced by it in the target region of LVPD were investigated. We observed an inward directed radial particle flux, but total heat flux remained radially outward. The particle and thermal fluxes are compared with the numerically obtained values and are found to be in good agreement in the core plasma of LVPD.


Analyzing the effects of critical active waveguide parameters on acoustic emission characteristics for soil slope deformation monitoring
Deepak Kumar, Ajit K. Mahapatro, and Sushil Kumar Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Active waveguide deformation dynamics using acoustic emission technology for landslide early warning system
Deepak Kumar, Ajit K. Mahapatro, and Sushil Kumar Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Implementation of PPM Waveform for Underwater Laser Communication
Pankaj Bhatoe, Rajendra Kumar Gupta, Abhishek Jain, Sushil Kumar Singh, Ghanendra Singh, and Rajendra Singh
IEEE
Blue/green laser communication has emerged as promising technology for underwater laser communication. PPM is one of the popular energy-efficient modulation waveform for underwater communication. Data rate of PPM modulation is limited by Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) of laser source. Herein, the hardware implementation of 256-ary Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) with the constraints of PRF is presented. The functional modules of PPM Waveform are implemented on a Programmable Logic (PL) part of Xilinx Zynq-7000 APSoC. Implementation result shows data rates for different values of PRF and pulse widths. The maximum data rate of 524 kbps is achieved by the PPM waveform.


Compact C band High Rejection Cavity Bandpass Filter
Shashank Soi, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Rajendra Singh
IEEE
The paper utilizes coupling matrix approach for design and simulation of 8th order cavity bandpass filter in CST Microwave Studio. The bandwidth and center frequency of the filter was tuned for desired frequency band using coupling and tuning screws. For design verification, the filter has been realized using aluminum alloy material. The filter has been realized in a compact form factor. Rejection of order of -98dB at 300 MHz away from center frequency with insertion loss of less than 0.6 dB at center frequency has been achieved.


A Potential Landslide Early Warning System Based on Threshold Velocity of 1 mm/min
Deepak Kumar, Ajit K. Mahapatro, and Sushil Kumar Singh
IEEE
In this article, a potential landslide early warning system (LEWS) based on acoustic emission (AE) technology is discussed. The most critical components of proposed LEWS are active waveguide system (AWS), AE sensor, and correlation between soil slope deformation dynamics and AE behaviour of the slope. We have calibrated the AWS in the laboratory with help of universal testing machine. Multiple AWS and AE sensor assemblies have been used in the study. We have used both resonant and broadband AE sensors. AE characteristics of the AWS in response to its deformation dynamics are analyzed and a correlation between the two is established. Based on the correlation, a threshold deformation velocity parameter of 1 mm/min is proposed for the LEWS. Post calibration, the AWS and AE sensor assemblies are tested on an artificial soil slope created inside a tilt trolley machine. AE behaviour of the artificial soil slope in response to slope angle, water content, and slope displacement is also studied to visualize the performance of the proposed LEWS on real-time landslide prone soil slope. The results from both the experiments are in consistency with each-other that solidifies the potential application of the entire AE sensor system on real-time soil slope for generating early warnings when slope displacement rates breach 1 mm/min.


Evaluation of tensile property of SLA 3D printed NextDent biocompatible Class I material for making surgical guides for implant surgery
Shlok Agrawal, Hritik Ray, Abhijeet Kulat, Yashwardhan Garhekar, Rahul Jibhakate, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Himanshu Bisaria
Elsevier BV



Protective efficacy of Coriandrum sativum seeds against arsenic induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice
Arun Kumar, Vikas Kumar, Vivek Akhouri, Ranjit Kumar, Mohammad Ali, Tuhin Rashmi, Gyanendra Bahadur Chand, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Ashok Kumar Ghosh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Investigation on the effect of Fe impurity pickups during ball milling and Ni dispersion on the microwave absorption performance of ball milled Fe impurities-Ni/SiC composites
Samarjit Singh, Sushil Kumar Singh, Pappu Kumar Harijan, Sunil Kumar Yadav, and Abhishek Kumar
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Silk Fiber Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Based Micro-/Nanofiber Composite as a Conductive Fiber and a Force Sensor
Sindhu Sree Muralidhar, Vinay Gangaraju, Mahesh Shastri, Navya Rani Marilingaiah, Arjun dey, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Dinesh Rangappa
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Silk cocoon fibers (SFs) are natural polymers that are made up of fibroin protein. These natural fibers have higher mechanical stability and good elasticity properties. In this work, we coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the surface of SFs using a simple stirring technique with vinegar as the medium. This SF-MWCNT micro-/nanofiber composite was prepared without any adhesives. The characterization results revealed that the SF-MWCNT micro-/nanofiber composite exhibited excellent electrical conductivity (995 Ω cm–1), tensile strength (up to 200% greater elongation), and durability characteristics. In addition, this micro-/nanofiber composite shows a change in resistance from 1450 to 960 Ω cm–1 for an applied mechanical force of 0.3–1 N kg–1. Based on our findings, SF-MWCNT micro-/nanofiber composite-based conductive fibers (CFs) and force sensors (FSs) were developed.


C-Band Iris Coupled Cavity Bandpass Filter
Shashank Soi, Sushil Kumar Singh, Rajendra Singh, and Ashok Kumar
IEEE
This paper presents the design of compact, tunable, high rejection 6th-order C-Band Iris Coupled Cavity Bandpass Filter. The design approach followed includes the use of Chebychev low pass filter prototype elements to calculate normalized capacitance per unit length between resonators & ground and also between adjacent resonators. With the help of coupling and tuning screws, the bandwidth and center frequency of the filter can be tuned for desired performance. Coaxial capacitance formula is used to compute the diameter of the screws. CST tool is used to simulate & optimize the theoretically calculate physical dimensions to further improve the filter performance and obtain better tolerance sensitivity. Finally, a 6th order prototype is fabricated and tuned to obtain the desired performance. The cavity design & resonator calculations have been carried out in such a manner that the same hardware can be tuned to both the frequency bands i.e., 4.4-4.6 GHz (Band I) and 4.8-5.0 GHz (Band II) to meet the desired specifications. A prototype is fabricated and experimental validation is presented.


Erratum: Nanoceria based electrochemical sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection (Biointerphases (2014) 9 (031011) DOI: 10.1116/1.4890473)
Sanjeev Kumar Ujjain, Anubhav Das, Gaurav Srivastava, Preety Ahuja, Manas Roy, Aditya Arya, Kalpana Bhargava, Niroj Sethy, Sushil Kumar Singh, Raj Kishore Sharma,et al.
American Vacuum Society



Assessment of arsenic exposure and its mitigation intervention in severely exposed population of Buxar district of Bihar, India
Arun Kumar, Md. Samiur Rahman, Mohammad Ali, Ranjit Kumar, Pintoo Kumar Niraj, Vivek Akhouri, Sushil Kumar Singh, Dhruv Kumar, Tuhin Rashmi, Akhouri Bishwapriya,et al.
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Materials for Environment, Sustainable Society and Global Empowerment (MESSAGE)
Prasanna D. Shivaramu, Sushil K. Singh, and Dinesh Rangappa
Elsevier BV



EFFECT of Ni on the DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR and MICROWAVE ABSORPTION PERFORMANCE of ZnO COMPOSITES
Abhishek Kumar, A. Nigam, Samarjit Singh, S. Singh and Rahul Singh




Therapeutic effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds extract against arsenic induced toxicity in charles foster rats
Vikas Kumar, Vivek Akhouri, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Arun Kumar
ANSF Publications
The prime objective of the present study was to establish fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds extract as an antidote against arsenic induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. The male Charles Foster rats (weighing 160-180 g) were selected to make arsenic intoxicated model. The arsenic treated group of rats were orally treated with sodium arsenite at the dose of 8 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. Thereafter, the arsenic pretreated rats were further administered with fenugreek ethanolic seeds extract at the dose of 250 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days.  After the completion of the treatment, animals of all the groups were sacrificed for the biochemical and histopathological estimation. The arsenic treated rats showed significant (p < 0.0001) alterations at the various hepatic and renal biomarker parameters and at serum MDA levels in comparison to the control rats.  Significant (p < 0.0001) arsenic accumulation was also observed in the blood, liver and kidney tissues of the arsenic treated rats. However, after the administration with fenugreek seeds extract, significant (p < 0.0001) restoration was observed in the liver and kidney biomarker parameters and at haematological variables. Fenugreek seeds extract administration also significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the serum MDA levels and arsenic concentration levels in blood, liver and kidney tissues, along with considerable restorations at the cellular architecture of liver and kidney tissues. The study concluded that fenugreek seeds possessed potential hepato-renal ameliorative effect against sodium arsenite induced toxicity in rats, and can be used for its therapeutic value against arsenic poisoning.


Phytoremedial effect of Tinospora cordifolia against arsenic induced toxicity in Charles Foster rats
Vikas Kumar, Vivek Akhouri, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Arun Kumar
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Study of eutectic etching process for defects analysis in n-type 4h-sic
Pooja Pal, Sunil Kumar, and S. K. Singh
Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre
Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a wide bandgap material with unique properties attractive for high power, high temperature applications. The presence of defects in the crystal is a major issue prior device fabrication. These defects affect the performance of the device. To delineate and identify the defects an easy and quick method is desirable. In this study defects delineation in n-type 4H-SiC has been carried out by KOH, KOH+NaOH and KOH+Na2O2 melts. Variation in etch pits size was found at various concentrations of the NaOH in KOH and for different total etching times in the KOH+Na2O2 melt. The eutectic solution etching technique is found to be more efficient to delineate defects and provides control on etching and surface roughness. The etching rates have been estimated under different experimental conditions. Detailed morphological investigations have been performed by wide field high resolution optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.


Polyethylene glycol functionalized cerium oxide nanoparticle confer protection against UV- induced oxidative damage in skin: Evidences for a new class of UV filter
Aditya Arya, Anamika Gangwar, Sushil Kumar Singh, and Kalpana Bhargava
IOP Publishing
AbstractAcute exposure to high dose of ultraviolet (UV) radiations is known to cause significant harm to skin, primarily due to the generation of free radicals and damage to DNA, which often culminate in rapid aging of the skin, or cancers. Keratinocytes being the most abundant skin’s cells are affected most by UV. Although a degree of endogenous protection is present, the vulnerability of UV-induced damaged can be minimized using protective agents. A few UV filters (organic and inorganic) have been successfully commercialized, yet, due to prevailing disadvantages such as low solubility, photostability, and aesthetic sense, suitable and more efficient UV filters continue to be explored as potential ingredients of cosmaceutical agents. A recently studied antioxidant enzyme mimetic cerium oxide nanoparticles showed emerging piece of evidence on benefits under environmental stress. However, its protective abilities as potential UV filter and therefore applicability in cosmaceutical has not yet been completely explored. This study provides a piece of evidence in support of beneficial effects of this new class of UV filters, polyethyleneglycol functionalized nanoceria (PEG-CNP) against UV - induced damagein vitroandin vivo. The nanomolar concentration of PEG-CNPs in the cell culture showed significant protection from UV exposure, by direct ROS scavenging, the rescue of cells from cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. Further, a proof of the concept study in dehaired rat skin showed that the topical application of 50μM PEG-CNPs prevented the initial signs of UV induced damage. Unlike conventional UV filters, PEG-CNPs confer protection by internalizing the cells, and scavenging the radicals.


Highly ordered polyaniline: synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties
Meenakshi Gusain, Rajamani Nagarajan, and Sushil Kumar Singh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



High Arsenic Concentration in Blood Samples of People of Village Gyaspur Mahaji, Patna, Bihar Drinking Arsenic-Contaminated Water
Arun Kumar, Mohammad Ali, Ranjit Kumar, Md. Samiur Rahman, Abhinav Srivastava, Nirmal K. Chayal, Vivek Sagar, Ritu Kumari, Sana Parween, Rishav Kumar,et al.
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Link analysis of ku band troposcatter communication
Shashank Soi, Sushil Kumar Singh, Rajendra Singh, and Ashok Kumar
IEEE
Rapid growth in the capabilities of Satellite Communication resulted in even greater growth in the information needs. However, resources available for Satellite Communication commercially were quite expensive. To combine ease of use with high performance communication links, Troposcatter communication system for over-the-horizon communication became significant. Initially Troposcatter communication was confined to lower frequency bands such as the S and C bands, but the Tropo links at these frequencies used large antenna terminals and suffered from frequency scarcity. Shift to high frequencies, like Ku band Troposcatter at 15 GHz eliminates the bandwidth constraints of the lower frequency bands with reduced equipment sizes but at the same time possess challenges such as higher signal attenuation due to rain droplets and path loss due to higher order frequencies. In this paper the path loss and maximum possible data rates of Troposcatter communication at Ku band with respect to the current possible technical resources has been estimated. The significance of rain scattering for various link availabilities has been considered.


GaN Based S-Band 500W solid state power amplifier (SSPA) module for troposcatter communications
Sushil Kumar Singh, Lalit Suthar, Rajendra Singh, and Ashok Kumar
IEEE
S-Band Troposcatter communication requires a linear high power 2 kW SSPA. The desired SSPA needs to be realized by phase combining 500 W Power Amplifier Modules (PAMs). The paper provides the design and development of a GaN based wideband Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA) PAM module with RF output 500 watts or +57dBm. The system utilizes modular design approach using 300W SSPA Pallet as the basic building block. The amplifier device Cree GaN HEMT CGH21240F, in class-AB bias, was selected for realization of basic amplifier. The I/p and O/p matching circuits were designed and simulated in ADS software. 30 mil Rogers RO4350 substrate was used for fabrication of PCBs. The output RF power up to +57 dBm and good linearity with Power Added Efficiency (PAE) around 40 percent was achieved.


Comparative quantification study of arsenic in the groundwater and biological samples of simri village of Buxar District, Bihar, India
Arun Kumar, MdSamiur Rahman, Ranjit Kumar, Mohammad Ali, AshokKumar Ghosh, and SushilKumar Singh
Medknow