Mohammad Asif Equbal
@citranchi.ac.in
Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department
Cambridge institute of Technology, Ranchi
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Pranav Ravindrannair, Azhar Equbal, Md. Asif Equbal, Kuldeep K. Saxena, and Md. Israr Equbal
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Azhar Equbal, Md. Asif Equbal, Md. Israr Equbal, Pranav Ravindrannair, Zahid A. Khan, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Vineet Tirth, Syed Javed, and M. I. Kittur
MDPI AG
The present study investigates the CNC milling performance of the machining of AISI 316 stainless steel using a carbide cutting tool insert. Three critical machining parameters, namely cutting speed (v), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (d), each at three levels, are chosen as input machining parameters. The face-centred central composite design (FCCCD) of the experiment is based on response surface methodology (RSM), and machining performances are measured in terms of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR). Analysis of variance, response graphs, and three-dimensional surface plots are used to analyse experimental results. Multi-response optimization using the data envelopment analysis based ranking (DEAR) approach is used to find the ideal configuration of the machining parameters for milling AISI 316 SS. The variables v = 220 m/min, f = 0.20 mm/rev and d = 1.2 mm were obtained as the optimal machine parameter setting. Study reveals that MRR is affected dominantly by d followed by v. For SR, f is the dominating factor followed by d. SR is found to be almost unaffected by v. Finally, it is important to state that this work made an attempt to successfully machine AISI 316 SS with a carbide cutting tool insert, to investigate the effect of important machining parameters on MRR and SR and also to optimize the multiple output response using DEAR method.
Azhar Equbal, Mohammad Ali, Md. Asif Equbal, S. C. Srivastava, Zahid A. Khan, Md. Israr Equbal, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Khalid Mohamed El-Hady, and Sarfaraz Kamangar
MDPI AG
In this study, compacted hematite (Fe2O3) preforms were made and sintered at various temperatures, such as 1250 °C and 1300 °C, using both conventional and microwave sintering methods. The density, porosity, microhardness, cold crushing strength, microphotographs, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the sintered preforms were used to evaluate the performance of the two sintering methods. It was found that microwave sintered preforms possessed lesser porosity and higher density than conventionally sintered preforms owing to uniform heating of the powdered ore in microwave sintering method. Furthermore, it was also observed that microwave sintered preforms exhibited relatively higher cold crushing strength and hardness than conventionally sintered preforms. Thus, the overall results revealed that microwave sintering yielded better properties considered in the present study.
Azhar Equbal, Asif Equbal, Zahid A. Khan, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Mohamed Bashir Ali Bashir, and Hussein Alrobei
MDPI AG
In the present study, cylindrical ABS P400 polymer parts (diameter 6.5 mm) to be used as die-sinking EDM (electric discharge machining) novel electrodes were fabricated using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. To meet the conductivity requirement in EDM, ABS parts were metallized using an innovative method that comprised putting aluminum–charcoal (Al–C) on them followed by their copper electroplating. Real-time EDM of the mild steel workpiece was performed using novel electrodes, and machining performance of the electrodes, measured in terms of dimensional accuracy, i.e., change in diameter (ΔD) and change in depth (ΔH) of the cavity, under varying levels of three EDM factors, i.e., current (I), pulse on time (Ton), and pulse off time (Toff), was investigated. Machining results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), perturbation graphs, and 3D surface plots. The optimal setting of the EDM parameters for minimizing ΔD and ΔH was determined using the desirability function approach. The suitability of the novel electrodes for EDM was ascertained by comparing their machining results with those of solid copper (SC) electrodes and electrodes fabricated by FDM and metallized using the electro-deposition method (FDM-EM), already reported in the literature, under similar machining conditions. From the results, it was found that ΔD and ΔH were less when EDM was performed using novel electrodes.
A Equbal, Md. A. Equbal, A K Sood, R Pranav, and Md. I. Equbal
IOP Publishing
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an extrusion based additive manufacturing process which fabricates the part by extruding semi-molten thermoplastic material through a small nozzle in a machine plateform. The material is deposited layer over layer and the part is fabricated following the bottom up approach. The process can built any complex part geometry in very less time without any tooling problem. Despite of having numerous advantages, fused deposition modelled part’s performance is poorer when measured in terms of part qualities like dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and mechanical strength. Considering the domestic and industrial usage of FDM technology various researchers have contributed their effort in improvement of these part qualities prior to its application. The present study is headed towards reviewing their efforts and reflecting the techniques used for optimization of FDM part qualities.
Md Israr Equbal, Azhar Equbal, Md Asif Equbal, and R. Pranav
Inderscience Publishers
Azhar Equbal, Md. Israr Equbal, Anoop Kumar Sood, and Md. Asif Equbal
International Journal of Technology
Electroplating on fused deposition modeling parts through two different routes is presented in the study. One route follows the conventional method of electroplating using chromic acid for surface preparation or etching and the other route uses the novel method of electroplating using aluminium charcoal (Al-C) paste for surface preparation. Same plating conditions are used for both the routes employed. The result proposes that instead of shell cracking in few electroplated samples, Al-C route is also capable of producing good copper deposition on FDM samples. Cracks may develop in few samples electroplated through Al-C route, because of dissolution of paste at high operating condition during electroplating. Proper drying of electrolessly plated samples and adaptation of suitable operating condition reduces the risk of electroplated shell cracking.
Md. Asif Equbal, Azhar Equbal, Archana Kumari, and Rajkumar Ohdar
IEEE
Companies are looking for a single solution or a set of matrices that they can apply to measure their supply chain performance but literature reveals that such a single solution does not exist. An important component in supply chain design and analysis is the establishment of an appropriate performance measurement and evaluation system. An effective supply chain performance measurement system must align with a company's own supply chain processes. In this paper, a comprehensive supply chain performance measurement and evaluation (CSCPME) methodology based on the study of several established performance measurement models is developed. The critical performance measures reflect the five specific criteria, viz. effectiveness, efficiency, quality, productivity, and profitability. The proposed CSCPME is applied to a real case study for one of its performance measure (effectiveness) evaluation. The developed CSCPME methodology may provide a framework for companies to build their in-house supply chain performance measurement systems.
Anoop Kumar Sood, Asif Equbal, Vijay Toppo, R.K. Ohdar, and S.S. Mahapatra
Elsevier BV
Asif Equbal, Anoop Kumar Sood, and S.S. Mahapatra
Inderscience Publishers
In the present work, effect of five factors viz., layer thickness, part build orientation, raster angle, raster to raster gap (air gap) and raster width each at three levels together with their interactions is studied on dimensional accuracy of fused deposition modelling (FDM) build part. Four performance characteristics i.e. percentage change in length, width, thickness and diameter considered in this study are converted into an equivalent response known as grey relational grade. Optimum factor levels are determined for maximisation of grey relational grade using grey-based Taguchi method. A fuzzy inference system (FIS) is proposed for prediction of overall dimensional accuracy using Taguchi's orthogonal array for developing inference engine. The results of FIS are compared with prediction values obtained through artificial neural network. It has been demonstrated that fuzzy model is able to predict overall dimensional accuracy at all operating condition to a high degree of accuracy.
A Equbal, A K Sood, V Toppo, R K Ohdar, and S S Mahapatra
SAGE Publications
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is gaining distinct advantage in manufacturing industries because of their ability to manufacture parts with complex shapes without any tooling requirement and human interface. The properties of FDM-built parts exhibit high dependence on process parameters and can be improved by setting parameters at suitable levels. Resistance to wear is an important consideration for enhancing the service life of functional parts. Hence, the present work focuses on an extensive study to understand the effect of five important parameters such as layer thickness, part build orientation, raster angle, raster width, and air gap on the sliding wear of test specimen. Microphotographs are used to explain the mechanism of wear. The study not only provides insight into complex dependency of wear on process parameters but also develops a statistically validated predictive equation. The equation can be used by the process planner for accurate wear prediction in practice.