Comparative production of cellulose nanocrystals from sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fibre waste : Taguchi-optimized conventional hydrolysis, ultrasound-assisted processing, and kinetic analysis Hamid-Reza Alizadeh, Jibrail Kansedo, Inn Shi Tan, Emma Suali, Ali Dini Bioresource Technology Reports, 2026 The growing demand for sustainable bio-based nanomaterials has intensified interest in utilizing non-food industrial crop residues for cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) production. In this study, sea mango fibre waste (SMFW) ( Cerbera odollam ), non-edible lignocellulosic biomass, was introduced as a novel precursor for CNC production. CNCs were produced via sulfuric acid hydrolysis using both conventional and ultrasound-assisted approaches. Process parameters for conventional hydrolysis were optimized using a Taguchi experimental design, yielding a maximum CNC recovery of 72.09% under optimal conditions of 60 °C, 45 wt% sulfuric acid, a 20 mg/mL solid-to-liquid ratio, and 60 min reaction time. The optimized conditions were subsequently applied to ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis to evaluate the effects of process intensification. Kinetic analysis using the Saeman first-order and two-fraction models demonstrated that ultrasound markedly accelerated CNC formation, increasing the apparent rate constant from 0.0864 min −1 (conventional) to 0.1213 min −1 , and promoting a dominant fast-reacting fraction associated with enhanced removal of amorphous cellulose domains. Structural and physicochemical characterization confirmed the successful formation of sulfate ester groups on CNC surfaces, preserving cellulose Iβ structure. Ultrasound-assisted CNCs exhibited slightly higher crystallinity (82.23%), reduced aggregation, smaller lateral dimensions, and narrower particle size distributions (80–800 nm) compared to conventionally produced CNCs. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated reduced thermal stability relative to raw biomass, consistent with sulfation and increased surface area. This work establishes SMFW as a new, sustainable biomass resource for CNC production and demonstrates that ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis is an effective strategy to enhance reaction kinetics and nanocellulose quality. • Sea mango fibre waste is demonstrated as a novel source of cellulose nanocrystals. • Taguchi-optimized conventional hydrolysis achieved a CNC yield of 72.09%. • Ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis reduced the reaction time from 60 min to 30 min. • Kinetic modeling revealed a dominant fast-reacting fraction under ultrasound. • Ultrasound-derived CNCs achieved a 35 nm size with preserved crystallinity.
Modeling of fermentative polyhydroxyalkanoate production from Cerbera odollam oil using Monod-based and multi-scale kinetic models Sook Wei Lim, Jibrail Kansedo, Inn Shi Tan, Jobrun Nandong, Yie Hua Tan, Man Kee Lam, Clarence M. Ongkudon Bioresource Technology, 2025 Two mathematical models were developed to elucidate the biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) by Pseudomonas resinovorans DSM 21078 from Cerbera odollam oil - (1) The modified Monod-based kinetic model was integrated with Andrews, Haldane, and Logistic kinetics to describe carbon, nitrogen, and self-inhibition effects on cell growth and PHA production. An additional nitrogen regulatory factor was incorporated to account for urease activity and alternative nitrogen sources during fermentation. (2) The multi-scale kinetic model was adapted to capture three dynamic modes in the biosynthesis process (i.e., using Triple First-Order model), namely fast and slow modes of PHA production, and PHA degradation mode. The fast factors could be prompted by the de novo fatty acid synthesis pathway, saturated fatty acids in the oil compounds, and late-exponential-phase cells in the culture. Overall, the established mathematical models offered a robust predictive framework, providing valuable insights into fermentation behaviour that could advance oil-based PHA production systems.
Recent advances on two-step and combined multi-step pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for cellulose extraction Hamid-Reza Alizadeh, Jibrail Kansedo, Inn Shi Tan, Yie Hua Tan, Emma Suali, Ali Dini Bioresource Technology Reports, 2025 Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is a promising renewable resource for sustainable bio-based products, but its complex structure, mainly due to lignin, hinders efficient cellulose extraction. This review highlights recent advances in combined pretreatment strategies that integrate physical, chemical, biological, and physicochemical methods to enhance delignification, reduce crystallinity, and improve enzymatic accessibility. Emphasis is placed on multi-step approaches such as liquid hot water with deep eutectic solvents, steam explosion followed by fungal or ionic liquid treatments, and ammonia fiber expansion coupled with biological catalysis. These combinations have demonstrated superior performance over single-step pretreatments in terms of cellulose recovery, sugar yield, and environmental impact. A comparative analysis explores trade-offs related to scalability, cost, and efficiency, providing practical guidance for selecting pretreatment methods tailored to specific biomass types. This review consolidates emerging synergies in integrated pretreatments to guide future research toward efficient, scalable, and eco-friendly LB valorization.
Comparative study of ultrasound-assisted ZnCl2, LiBr, and choline chloride/lactic acid pretreatments for cellulose extraction from sea mango (Cerberaodollam) fibre waste, followed by ball milling: yield and physicochemical analysis Hamid-Reza Alizadeh, Jibrail Kansedo, Inn Shi Tan, Yie Hua Tan, Emma Suali, Ali Dini Cellulose, 2025 The scientific community is increasingly focused on developing bio-based materials to substitute non-renewable and petroleum-derived resources that pose environmental risks. This study explores the use of non-edible sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fibre waste as a source for cellulose and lignin extraction. Three types of ultrasound-assisted solvent systems were investigated, including zinc chloride, lithium bromide, and a deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride and lactic acid, followed by either dry or wet post-ball milling. Extracted lignin using an alkaline process was used to determine optimal solvent concentration and temperature for effective lignin dissolution. The most efficient conditions for lignin dissolution were found to be 40 wt% zinc chloride at 65 °C, 50 wt% lithium bromide at 80 °C, and a 1:10 molar ratio of choline chloride to lactic acid at 80 °C. Under optimized conditions developed by response surface methodology, the maximum cellulose yield obtained was 87.23%, with lignin and hemicellulose contents reduced to 4.10% and 3.95%, respectively, using the choline chloride/lactic acid solvent. The integration of wet post-ball milling further enhanced the cellulose content to 93.80%, representing a 3.04% improvement over dry milling. Successful cellulose extraction was confirmed through characterization, including functional groups, crystallinity index, morphological structure, and thermal stability analyses. Key findings included the detection of hydroxy, alkyl, and ether functional groups, an increase in crystallinity from 57.54 to 77.77%, and smoother fiber morphology comparable to commercial cellulose. These results highlight the potential of sea mango fibre waste as a viable and sustainable source of cellulose using environmentally friendly pretreatment. Graphical abstract
Plant-Based Functional Foods from Borneo Oliver Dean John, Noumie Surugau, Jibrail Kansedo, Sunil K. Panchal, Lindsay Brown Nutrients, 2025 Borneo, the third-largest island in the world, is shared between Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak), Indonesia (Kalimantan) and Brunei. As a biodiversity hotspot, it is home to about 15,000 flowering plants and 3000 tree species, of which many are endemic to the region. Locally derived plant-based foods are gaining popularity due to their lower environmental impact, contribution to food sustainability and health benefits. The local fruits and vegetables of Borneo have been used traditionally by the indigenous community for medicinal purposes. This community knowledge can provide a valuable guide to their potential for use as functional foods. This review explores the contemporary foods from Borneo, including fruit, vegetables, seaweeds and plant-derived food products that are locally consumed. The findings show that the unique tropical food groups have a wide diversity of phytochemical compositions that possess a wide array of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-fungal, wound healing and expectorant properties. The wide range of plant-based foods in Borneo deserves further development for wider applications as functional foods.
Scale-up and industrial production of algal biomedical products Uganeeswary Suparmaniam, Man Kee Lam, Yeek Chia Ho, Inn Shi Tan, Sie Yon Lau, Jibrail Kansedo, Yoke Wang Cheng, Salman Raza Naqvi, Arulazhagan Pugazhendi Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications, 2025
Circular Hydrogen Economy and Its Challenges Christina L. M. Eh, Angnes Ngieng Tze Tiong, Jibrail Kansedo, Chun Hsion Lim, Bing Shen How, et al. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2022
Waste oil to biodiesel Mohd Nurfirdaus Bin Mohiddin, Jia Min Ting, Yie Hua Tan, Jibrail Kansedo, N.M. Mubarak, Yen San Chan, Mohammad Omar Abdullah Advanced Technology for the Conversion of Waste into Fuels and Chemicals Volume 1 Biological Processes, 2021
A Review on Biodiesel Synthesis using Iron Doped Catalyst Yu Herng Foo, Yie Hua Tan, Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Jibrail Kansedo, Inn Shi Tan, Henry Chee Yew Foo, Mohd Lokman Ibrahim Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
A kinetics modelling of the growth rate of Amaranthus Cruentus (red amaranth) microgreens in tropical climate 23rd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering Chisa 2018 and 21st Conference on Process Integration Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction Pres 2018, 2018
Microalgae-based biofertilizers: A review of nutrient composition and their effects on plant growth and soil health XY Choong, MK Lam, YH Chai, R Raviadaran, IS Tan, J Kansedo, ... Biomass and Bioenergy 213, 109358 , 2026 2026
Comparative production of cellulose nanocrystals from sea mango fibre waste (Cerbera odollam): Taguchi-optimized conventional hydrolysis, ultrasound-assisted processing, and … HR Alizadeh, J Kansedo, IS Tan, E Suali, A Dini Bioresource Technology Reports, 102691 , 2026 2026
Correlative analysis of Chlorella vulgaris growth and biochemical composition for biofertilizer application in mung bean XY Choong, MK Lam, YH Chai, R Raviadaran, IS Tan, J Kansedo, ... Bioresource Technology Reports, 102631 , 2026 2026
Modeling of fermentative polyhydroxyalkanoate production from Cerbera odollam oil using Monod-based and multi-scale kinetic models SW Lim, J Kansedo, IS Tan, J Nandong, YH Tan, MK Lam, CM Ongkudon Bioresource Technology 435, 132918 , 2025 2025
A life cycle assessment of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using bifunctional magnetic nanocatalyst K Srikumar, YH Tan, U Rashid, IS Tan, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, PNY Yek, ... Energy 331, 137029 , 2025 2025 Citations: 11
Recent advances on two-step and combined multi-step pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for cellulose extraction HR Alizadeh, J Kansedo, IS Tan, YH Tan, E Suali, A Dini Bioresource Technology Reports 31, 102243 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Comparative study of ultrasound-assisted ZnCl2, LiBr, and choline chloride/lactic acid pretreatments for cellulose extraction from sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fibre waste … HR Alizadeh, J Kansedo, IS Tan, YH Tan, E Suali, A Dini Cellulose 32 (12), 7083-7112 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
One-pot polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from Cerbera odollam (sea mango) oil using Pseudomonas resinovorans: Optimal fermentation design and mechanism SW Lim, J Kansedo, IS Tan, J Nandong, YH Tan, MK Lam, CM Ongkudon Journal of Environmental Management 376, 124394 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Plant-based functional foods from Borneo OD John, N Surugau, J Kansedo, SK Panchal, L Brown Nutrients 17 (2), 200 , 2025 2025 Citations: 16
Scale-up and industrial production of algal biomedical products U Suparmaniam, MK Lam, YC Ho, IS Tan, SY Lau, J Kansedo, YW Cheng, ... Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications, 269-293 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
A MILP model for integrated circular hydrogen economy based in Malaysia with intermodal transportation CLM Eh, ANT Tiong, CH Lim, J Kansedo, BS How, WPQ Ng International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 92, 1320-1334 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Transesterification of used cooking oil by palm lignocellulosic biomass magnetic biochar catalyst: optimization and kinetic analysis MNB Mohiddin, YH Tan, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, Y San Chan, M Khalid, ... Renewable energy 229, 120750 , 2024 2024 Citations: 22
Pyrolysis assessment of palm kernel shell waste valorization to sulfonated magnetic biochar from techno-economic and energy perspectives YX Seow, YH Tan, J Kansedo, IS Tan, BLF Chin, NM Mubarak, ... Discover Applied Sciences 6 (8), 398 , 2024 2024 Citations: 15
A review on the environmental life cycle assessment of biodiesel production: Selection of catalyst and oil feedstock K Srikumar, YH Tan, J Kansedo, IS Tan, NM Mubarak, ML Ibrahim, ... Biomass and Bioenergy 185, 107239 , 2024 2024 Citations: 71
Enhancing high-density microalgae cultivation via exogenous supplementation of biostimulant derived from onion peel waste for sustainable biodiesel production U Suparmaniam, MK Lam, JW Lim, H Rawindran, YC Ho, IS Tan, ... Journal of Environmental Management 359, 120988 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of Transesterification Catalysed by Black Pepper seed-potassium Hydroxide Catalyst YZ Tan, YH Tan, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, BLF Chin, RR Karri, ... Topics in Catalysis 67 (9), 810-827 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Hydrogen production from rice husk: Techno-economic and life cycle analysis KC Kong, CLM Eh, ANT Tiong, J Kansedo, WPQ Ng, CH Lim, BS How Key Engineering Materials 978, 81-86 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Biorefinery-based sustainability assessment of macroalgae waste valorization to polylactic acid: Exergy and exergoeconomic perspectives YL Tan, IS Tan, HCY Foo, J Kansedo, MK Lam, S Lim, PL Show, ... Biochemical Engineering Journal 204, 109219 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Functionalized magnetic lipase/Cu3 (PO4) 2 hybrid nanoflower: Synthesis, characterization, and enzymatic evaluation S Anboo, SY Lau, J Kansedo, PS Yap, T Hadibarata, AH Kamaruddin Heliyon 10 (6) , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Process optimization of integrated hydrogen production process with local resources CLM Eh, ANT Tiong, J Kansedo, WPQ Ng, CH Lim, BS How IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1281 (1), 012064 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Efficiency of various recent wastewater dye removal methods: A review V Katheresan, J Kansedo, SY Lau Journal of environmental chemical engineering 6 (4), 4676-4697 , 2018 2018 Citations: 3184
A review on biochar production from different biomass wastes by recent carbonization technologies and its sustainable applications YX Seow, YH Tan, NM Mubarak, J Kansedo, M Khalid, ML Ibrahim, ... Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 10 (1), 107017 , 2022 2022 Citations: 379
Cerbera odollam (sea mango) oil as a promising non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production J Kansedo, KT Lee, S Bhatia Fuel 88 (6), 1148-1150 , 2009 2009 Citations: 283
Evaluation on feedstock, technologies, catalyst and reactor for sustainable biodiesel production: A review MNB Mohiddin, YH Tan, YX Seow, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, ... Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 98, 60-81 , 2021 2021 Citations: 274
Biodiesel production from used cooking oil using green solid catalyst derived from calcined fusion waste chicken and fish bones YH Tan, MO Abdullah, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, Y San Chan, ... Renewable energy 139, 696-706 , 2019 2019 Citations: 261
Biodiesel production from palm oil via heterogeneous transesterification J Kansedo, KT Lee, S Bhatia Biomass and bioenergy 33 (2), 271-276 , 2009 2009 Citations: 240
Biodiesel synthesis using natural solid catalyst derived from biomass waste—A review SY Chua, CMH Goh, YH Tan, NM Mubarak, J Kansedo, M Khalid, ... Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 81, 41-60 , 2020 2020 Citations: 190
Life cycle assessment of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production using waste chicken eggshell derived CaO as catalyst via transesterification ZL Chung, YH Tan, Y San Chan, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, M Ghasemi, ... Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 21, 101317 , 2019 2019 Citations: 160
Evaluation on biodiesel cold flow properties, oxidative stability and enhancement strategies: A review CB Sia, J Kansedo, YH Tan, KT Lee Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 24, 101514 , 2020 2020 Citations: 158
Heterogeneous catalyzed biodiesel production from Moringa oleifera oil G Kafuku, MK Lam, J Kansedo, KT Lee, M Mbarawa Fuel Processing Technology 91 (11), 1525-1529 , 2010 2010 Citations: 125
Magnetic biochar derived from waste palm kernel shell for biodiesel production via sulfonation RV Quah, YH Tan, NM Mubarak, J Kansedo, M Khalid, EC Abdullah, ... Waste Management 118, 626-636 , 2020 2020 Citations: 117
Croton megalocarpus oil: a feasible non-edible oil source for biodiesel production G Kafuku, MK Lam, J Kansedo, KT Lee, M Mbarawa Bioresource technology 101 (18), 7000-7004 , 2010 2010 Citations: 104
A review of heterogeneous calcium oxide based catalyst from waste for biodiesel synthesis JSJ Ling, YH Tan, NM Mubarak, J Kansedo, A Saptoro, ... SN Applied Sciences 1 (8), 810 , 2019 2019 Citations: 103
Pre-treatment of high free fatty acids oils by chemical re-esterification for biodiesel production—a review GG Kombe, AK Temu, HM Rajabu, GD Mrema, J Kansedo, KT Lee Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 3 (4), 242-247 , 2013 2013 Citations: 101
Process optimization and kinetic study for biodiesel production from non-edible sea mango (Cerbera odollam) oil using response surface methodology J Kansedo, KT Lee Chemical Engineering Journal 214, 157-164 , 2013 2013 Citations: 92
A review on influence of reactor technologies and kinetic studies for biodiesel application I Raheem, MNB Mohiddin, YH Tan, J Kansedo, NM Mubarak, ... Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 91, 54-68 , 2020 2020 Citations: 80
A review on the environmental life cycle assessment of biodiesel production: Selection of catalyst and oil feedstock K Srikumar, YH Tan, J Kansedo, IS Tan, NM Mubarak, ML Ibrahim, ... Biomass and Bioenergy 185, 107239 , 2024 2024 Citations: 71
Recent advancement and prospective of waste plastics as biodiesel additives: A review RD Arjanggi, J Kansedo Journal of the Energy Institute 93 (3), 934-952 , 2020 2020 Citations: 59
Recent advancements in enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials: Synthesis, mechanistic formation, and applications S Anboo, SY Lau, J Kansedo, PS Yap, T Hadibarata, J Jeevanandam, ... Biotechnology and Bioengineering 119 (10), 2609-2638 , 2022 2022 Citations: 51
Circular hydrogen economy and its challenges CLM Eh, ANT Tiong, J Kansedo, CH Lim, BS How, WPQ Ng Chemical Engineering Transactions 94, 1273-1278 , 2022 2022 Citations: 49
