Improving the Accuracy of Forest Structure Analysis by Consumer-Grade UAV Photogrammetry Through an Innovative Approach to Mitigate Lens Distortion Effects Arvin Fakhri, Hooman Latifi, Kyumars Mohammadi Samani, F. Fassnacht Remote Sensing, 2025 The generation of aerial and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based 3D point clouds in forests and their subsequent structural analysis, including tree delineation and modeling, pose multiple technical challenges that are partly raised by the calibration of non-metric cameras mounted on UAVs. We present a novel method to deal with this problem for forest structure analysis by photogrammetric 3D modeling, particularly in areas with complex textures and varying levels of tree canopy cover. Our proposed method selects various subsets of a camera’s interior orientation parameters (IOPs), generates a dense point cloud for each, and then synthesizes these models to form a combined model. We hypothesize that this combined model can provide a superior representation of tree structure than a model calibrated with an optimal subset of IOPs alone. The effectiveness of our methodology was evaluated in sites across a semi-arid forest ecosystem, known for their diverse crown structures and varied canopy density due to a traditional pruning method known as pollarding. The results demonstrate that the enhanced model outperformed the standard models by 23% and 37% in both site- and tree-based metrics, respectively, and can therefore be suggested for further applications in forest structural analysis based on consumer-grade UAV data.
Combination of UAV Photogrammetry and Field Inventories Enables Description of Height–Diameter Relationship within Semi-Arid Silvopastoral Systems Seyed Arvin Fakhri, Hooman Latifi, Kyumars Mohammadi Samani, Zahed Shakeri, Hamed Naghavi, et al. Remote Sensing, 2023 Pollarding oak trees is a traditional silvopastoral technique practiced across wide areas of the northern Zagros mountains, a unique and vast semi-arid forest area with a strong cultural and ecological significance. So far, the effects of pollarding on tree structure in terms of DBH (diameter at breast height)~H (height) relationships within the typical pollarding cycle, which often lasts 4 years, has not been scientifically described. Here, we combine field inventories of DBH with H obtained from photogrammetric UAV flights for the first time to assess DBH~H relationships within this system. We conducted the research at six pollarded forest sites throughout the Northern Zagros. The sampling encompassed all three main species of coppice oak trees. In the case of multi-stem trees, we used the maximum DBH of each tree that formed a unique crown. A linear relationship between UAV and extracted H and the maximum DBH of pollarded trees explained a notable part of the variation in maximum DBH (R2 = 0.56), and more complex and well-known nonlinear allometries were also evaluated, for which the accuracies were in the same range as the linear model. This relationship proved to be stable across oak species, and the pollarding stage had a notable effect on the DBH~H relationship. This finding is relevant for future attempts to inventory biomass using remote sensing approaches across larger areas in northern Zagros, as well as for general DBH estimations within stands dominated by pollarded, multi-stem coppice structures.
ENHANCING CONTRAST OF IMAGES TO IMPROVE GEOMETRIC ACCURACY OF A UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY PROJECT S. Motayyeb, S. A. Fakhri, M. Varshosaz, S. Pirasteh International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS Archives, 2022 In recent years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become popular tools in mapping applications. In such applications, the image motion, bad lighting effects, and poor texture all directly affect the quality of the derived tie points, which in turn imposes constraints on image extraction and may lead to a low accuracy point cloud. This paper proposes a contrast enhancement technique to improve the accuracy of a photogrammetric model created using UAV images. The luminance component (Y) in the YIQ color space is normalized using the sigmoid function, and the low contrast images are enhanced using the Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) on the luminosity component. To evaluate the proposed method, three-dimensional models were created using images acquired by the Phantom 4 Pro UAV in three distinct places and at altitudes of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 90 meters. The results showed that enhancing the contrast of images increased the number of tie points and reduced reprojection error by approximately 10%. It also improved the resolution of the digital elevation model by approximately 2cm/pixel while greatly improving the texture and quality with respect to that developed using the original images.
Road crack detection using gaussian/prewitt filter S. A. Fakhri, S. A. Fakhri, M. Saadatseresht International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS Archives, 2019
Four decades of spatio-temporal trends in Miankaleh Wetland´ s water body and vegetation as revealed by remote sensing time series N Arij, H Latifi, A Fakhri, R Esmaili Ecological Informatics, 103374 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Identifying Factors Influencing Wildfires in Khorramabad's Natural Areas Using a Decision Tree Model S Naserirad, H Naghavi, H Pourghasemi, A Fakhri Desert Ecosystem Engineering 14 (46), 1-16 , 2025 2025
Introducing a computationally light approach to estimate forest height and fractional canopy cover from Sentinel-2 data A Fakhri, H Latifi, KM Samani, FE Fassnacht Journal of Arid Environments 228, 105343 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Improving the accuracy of forest structure analysis by consumer-grade UAV photogrammetry through an innovative approach to mitigate lens distortion effects A Fakhri, H Latifi, K Mohammadi Samani, FE Fassnacht Remote Sensing 17 (3), 383 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
CaR3DMIC: A novel method for evaluating UAV-derived 3D forest models by tree features A Fakhri, H Latifi, KM Samani, FE Fassnacht ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 208, 279-295 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Pavement crack detection through a deep-learned asymmetric encoder-decoder convolutional neural network SA Fakhri, M Satari Abrovi, H Zakeri, A Safdarinezhad, A Fakhri International Journal of Pavement Engineering 24 (1), 2255359 , 2023 2023 Citations: 17
Combination of UAV photogrammetry and field inventories enables description of height–diameter relationship within semi-arid silvopastoral systems A Fakhri, H Latifi, K Mohammadi Samani, Z Shakeri, H Naghavi, ... Remote Sensing 15 (21), 5261 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Estimation of heavy metal concentrations (Cd and Pb) in plant leaves using optimal spectral indicators and artificial neural networks A Fakhri, MJ Valadan Zoej, A Safdarinezhad, P Yavari Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29 (50), 76119-76134 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Improved road detection algorithm based on fusion of deep convolutional neural networks and random forest classifier on VHR remotely-sensed images A Fakhri, R Shah-Hosseini Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 50 (8), 1409-1421 , 2022 2022 Citations: 11
A novel vegetation index-based workflow for semi-arid, sparse woody cover mapping A Fakhri, S Sayadi, H Naghavi, H Latifi Journal of Arid Environments 201, 104748 , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
A consumer grade UAV-based framework to estimate structural attributes of coppice and high oak forest stands in semi-arid regions A Fakhri, H Latifi Remote Sensing 13 (21), 4367 , 2021 2021 Citations: 16
An optimized enhanced vegetation index for sparse tree cover mapping across a mountainous region SA Fakhri, S Sayadi, H Latifi, S Khare 2019 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry … , 2019 2019 Citations: 8
Road crack detection using gaussian/prewitt filter SA Fakhri, M Saadatseresht The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial … , 2019 2019 Citations: 19
Investigating the Effect of Pso Algorithm on Reducing Control Points in Camera Calibration SA Fakhri The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial … , 2019 2019 Citations: 1
Economic Appraisal of the Rapid Catalytic Cracking Development Scheme for Municipal Solid Waste M RiyaziNejad, SA Fakhri, SM Moosavirad Environmental Energy and Economic Research 2 (4), 237-249 , 2018 2018 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Road crack detection using gaussian/prewitt filter SA Fakhri, M Saadatseresht The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial … , 2019 2019 Citations: 19
Pavement crack detection through a deep-learned asymmetric encoder-decoder convolutional neural network SA Fakhri, M Satari Abrovi, H Zakeri, A Safdarinezhad, A Fakhri International Journal of Pavement Engineering 24 (1), 2255359 , 2023 2023 Citations: 17
A novel vegetation index-based workflow for semi-arid, sparse woody cover mapping A Fakhri, S Sayadi, H Naghavi, H Latifi Journal of Arid Environments 201, 104748 , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
A consumer grade UAV-based framework to estimate structural attributes of coppice and high oak forest stands in semi-arid regions A Fakhri, H Latifi Remote Sensing 13 (21), 4367 , 2021 2021 Citations: 16
Improved road detection algorithm based on fusion of deep convolutional neural networks and random forest classifier on VHR remotely-sensed images A Fakhri, R Shah-Hosseini Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 50 (8), 1409-1421 , 2022 2022 Citations: 11
Estimation of heavy metal concentrations (Cd and Pb) in plant leaves using optimal spectral indicators and artificial neural networks A Fakhri, MJ Valadan Zoej, A Safdarinezhad, P Yavari Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29 (50), 76119-76134 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
An optimized enhanced vegetation index for sparse tree cover mapping across a mountainous region SA Fakhri, S Sayadi, H Latifi, S Khare 2019 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry … , 2019 2019 Citations: 8
Combination of UAV photogrammetry and field inventories enables description of height–diameter relationship within semi-arid silvopastoral systems A Fakhri, H Latifi, K Mohammadi Samani, Z Shakeri, H Naghavi, ... Remote Sensing 15 (21), 5261 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Four decades of spatio-temporal trends in Miankaleh Wetland´ s water body and vegetation as revealed by remote sensing time series N Arij, H Latifi, A Fakhri, R Esmaili Ecological Informatics, 103374 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
CaR3DMIC: A novel method for evaluating UAV-derived 3D forest models by tree features A Fakhri, H Latifi, KM Samani, FE Fassnacht ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 208, 279-295 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Improving the accuracy of forest structure analysis by consumer-grade UAV photogrammetry through an innovative approach to mitigate lens distortion effects A Fakhri, H Latifi, K Mohammadi Samani, FE Fassnacht Remote Sensing 17 (3), 383 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Introducing a computationally light approach to estimate forest height and fractional canopy cover from Sentinel-2 data A Fakhri, H Latifi, KM Samani, FE Fassnacht Journal of Arid Environments 228, 105343 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Investigating the Effect of Pso Algorithm on Reducing Control Points in Camera Calibration SA Fakhri The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial … , 2019 2019 Citations: 1
Economic Appraisal of the Rapid Catalytic Cracking Development Scheme for Municipal Solid Waste M RiyaziNejad, SA Fakhri, SM Moosavirad Environmental Energy and Economic Research 2 (4), 237-249 , 2018 2018 Citations: 1
Identifying Factors Influencing Wildfires in Khorramabad's Natural Areas Using a Decision Tree Model S Naserirad, H Naghavi, H Pourghasemi, A Fakhri Desert Ecosystem Engineering 14 (46), 1-16 , 2025 2025