Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Science, Drug Discovery
25
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Antihyperuricemic Effects of Operculina turpethum Linn (Indian Jalap) Root Extract in Rodent Models Dhananjay Babanrao Deshmukh, Snigdha Das Mandal Journal of Natural Remedies, 2025 Background: Well-known traditional Indian medication Operculina turpethum is used to treat fever, bronchitis, ulcers, haemorrhoids, tumours, obesity, and jaundice. An excessively elevated level of uric acid in the blood is known as hyperuricaemia. The widespread presence of hyperuricemia has been steadily rising globally nowadays. Clinical treatments for hyperuricemia are benzbromarone and probenecid as uricosuric agents and Allopurinol (ALP) and febuxostat as Xanthine Oxidase (XOD) inhibitors. However, only a small number of medications are available due to the poor tolerance of these therapies and their potential for adverse effects, including hepatotoxicity, kidney disorders, gastrointestinal symptoms, and hypersensitivity syndrome. Aim: Utilizing both in vivo and in vitro studies, we examined the Antihyperuricemic potential of Operculina turpethum Root Ethanol Extract (OTRE) as well as its underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: We investigated the amounts of uric acid in serum as well as the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in the liver tissue of a hyperuricemic rat model created by potassium oxonate (PO). In this in vitro investigation OTR show strong XOD inhibitory activity when compared with ALP. Results: In comparing the IC50 values of OTRE-200 was (94.32) and ALP was (1.52). The dose of OTRE-200mg/kg and Allopurinol-Treated (ALT) 10mg/kg groups had significantly lower levels of uric acid (UA) in their urine and blood than the PC group (p < 0.05) in PO-induced hyperuricemic rats. Urine UA levels were lower than serum levels in all OTE groups. In rats with PO-induced hyperuricemia, OTRE-200mg/kg reduced serum UA levels and elevated excretion of UA in the urine. Conclusion: This study showed that in rats with PO-induced hyperuricemia, OTRE increased UA excretion and decreased serum UA levels. OTRE prevents hyperuricemia by inhibiting the liver’s and serum’s XO activity in vivo and by having antioxidant activity in vitro. Major Findings: This study clarifies that OTRE shows positive benefits and could be beneficial in hyperuricemia and gout. Antihyperuricemic, Ethanolic Extract, Linn, Xanthine Oxidase
Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Effect of Pectolinarigenin in Experimentally Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rats Samiksha Jayswal, Snigdha Das Mandal Journal of Natural Remedies, 2025 Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease of insulin resistance with insufficient insulin secretion, in addition to chronic inflammation and impaired glucose metabolism. Finding new therapeutic uses of drugs that can target multiple pathways will serve an important role in disease management. The possible pharmacological effects of pectolinarigenin merit further investigation for its antidiabetic activity. Aim: Evaluation of the therapeutic impact of pectolinarigenin on the major molecular targets linked to T2DM via computational and experimental techniques. Methods: The interaction of pectolinarigenin with key T2DM targets was explored in silico using molecular docking simulations of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR), Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4) and Sulphonylurea Receptor 1 (SUR1). Animal Experimental Design: Animals (Sprague-Dawley male rats) were divided into five categories: normal, disease control, reference standard (glibenclamide), and pectolinarigenin at doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg, respectively (oral experiment). Different metabolic and biochemical parameters were measured over five weeks, including serum glucose fasting, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, lipid profiles, and HbA1c levels. Results: Docking analysis showed significant binding affinities of pectolinarigenin with diverse T2DM-associated targets, indicating its potential for multi-target therapy. Furthermore, treatment with pectolinarigenin improved glucose tolerance, markedly decreased fasting blood glucose levels, and increased insulin sensitivity in vivo compared to the disease control and reference standard groups. Compared to rats who received 50 mg/kg, rats who received 50 mg/kg and rats who lost a significant amount of weight had improved lipid profiles, maintained weight better, and had improved antioxidant defences and inflammation markers, as well as significantly lower HbA1c levels. These findings highlight the compound’s effectiveness for glycemic control and prevention of diabetes-related complications. Conclusion: Pectolinarigenin exhibited significant antidiabetic activity in both computational and experimental strategies, enhancing metabolic markers and alleviating inflammation. These findings underscore its potential as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of diabetes. Additional research, including clinical trials, is needed to prove its effectiveness in people. Major Findings: Pectolinarigenin markedly enhanced glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles and oxidative stress parameters, with the 50 mg/kg dose-related effects being the most evident. This information further describes its potential for use as a novel antidiabetic agent and prevention of diabetes-related complications.
Polymersomes in colon targeting Snigdha Das Mandal, Surjyanarayan Mandal, Devanshu J. Patel Nanocarriers Based Colon Targeting Design Development Mechanism and Case Studies, 2025
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Molecular Docking Studies and ADMET Prediction of Oxindole-based Hybrids for the Treatment of Tuberculosis Vaishali Pavalbhai Patel, Rati Kailash Prasad Tripathi, Snigdha Das Mandal Current Computer Aided Drug Design, 2025 Introduction: With a projected mortality toll of 1.4 million in 2019, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health concern around the world. Studies of novel treatments are required due to decreased bioavailability, increased toxicity, increased side effects, and resistance of several first- and second-line TB therapies, including isoniazid and ethionamide. Methods: This study reports the synthesis of oxindole-based hybrids as potent InhA inhibitors targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The synthesized compounds (5a-5e and 8a-8c) were evaluated for their anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs), viz. M. abscessus (ATCC 19977), M. fortuitum (ATCC 6841), and M. chelonae (ATCC 35752) using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDock Vina to explore the binding interactions of these compounds with the InhA enzyme (PDB: 2NSD). Additionally, biochemical and histopathological studies were conducted to assess the hepatotoxicity of the lead compounds. Insilico molecular properties and ADMET properties of the synthesized compounds were predicted using SwissADME and Deep-PK online tools to assess their drug-likeness. Results: Among the tested compounds, 8b exhibited significant anti-mycobacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC = 1 μg/mL) comparable to the reference drug ethambutol. Further, the compound demonstrated a binding affinity and orientation similar to the reference inhibitor 4PI, indicating its potential as a potent InhA inhibitor, and was found to be stabilized within the binding pocket of InhA through H-bonding, hydrophobic and van der Waal’s interactions. Besides, the compounds hepatotoxicity assessment studies depicted that 8b showed no significant liver dysfunction or damage to liver tissues. Additionally, 8b adhered to Lipinski’s rule of five and Veber’s rule, displaying favourable pharmacokinetic and drug-like properties, including high human intestinal absorption, distribution, and acceptable metabolic stability and excretion. Conclusion: Compound 8b emerged as a promising candidate for further optimization and development as a therapeutic agent for tuberculosis, offering a new avenue for tackling tuberculosis.
Exploring novel biomarkers for precise detection and risk assessment in type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes Samiksha Dilipkumar Jayswal, Snigdha Das Mandal Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2024 Diabetes mellitus shows as high blood glucose levels when there is either insulin resistance or insufficient insulin synthesis from pancreatic beta cells, or both. Prediabetes is becoming more frequent, and the most common kind of diabetes mellitus, T2DM, affects around 90% of people. Current biomarkers, such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, and glycated albumin, have limitations such as limited sensitivity and specificity, and they are occasionally utilized inappropriately in medical settings. Since any biomarker will almost certainly have its own limitations, efforts are being made to raise awareness of various biomarkers. In order to more precisely identify those who are at high risk of developing prediabetes, T2DM and possibly even complications from diabetes. It may be helpful to combine numerous indicators. This review focuses on recent advances in distinct and novel clinically validated biomarkers and methods for their detection, which offer more cost-effective alternatives to traditional T2DM screening and early diagnostic methods.
A REVIEW ON OBESITY AND ITS REGULATORY HORMONES Siddharth Jain, Snigdha Das Mandal, M Pharm, C Rebello, F Greenway, et al. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, 2023 Obesity is related with a number of metabolic difficulties, growing obesity may disrupt hormonal and metabolic systems, which may lead to the body storing extra energy in a variety of forms.The amount of total energy the body has stored as fat is negatively associated with the rate at which leptin circulates in the bloodstream, which is predominantly produced by adipose tissue.It is widely accepted that central serotonin contributes to the inhibition of hunger in mammals and recent reviews have elucidated the mechanisms behind these effects.The hypothalamus regulates hunger as well as energy homeostasis.The digestive tract and adipose tissues are just two examples of peripheral afferent signals that complex brain networks combine to create efferent responses that regulate food intake and energy use.Origin of ghrelin in the circulation is the abdomen and gut.Dopaminergic circuits are used to control intake of food, according to research on human brain imaging.According to the carbohydrate-insulin paradigm, adipose tissue's endocrine dysregulation rather than acting as a passive fat-accumulator as a result of overeating is the primary source of positive energy balance.Studies on mice and rats show that GLP1RA enhances energy expenditure, which results in the reduction in weight in preclinical testing.GLP-1 has considerable and powerful effects on gastric acid production and stomach emptying.
Ethnobotany and Antimicrobial Activity of Traditional Plant-Holotelea integrifolia Gunosindhu Chakraborthy, Snigdha Das Mandal, Rupal K. Jani Journal of Natural Remedies, 2023 Holoptelea integrifolia (Ulmaceae) is a diversely used in Traditional Systems of medicine for healing aliments. The plant is preferred in the treatment and curing diseases like leprosy, inflammation, rickets, leucoderma, scabies, rheumatism, eczema, malaria and many more. The plants exhibits various pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, nociceptive, antiaging ,inflammation, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, adaptogenic, anticancer, wound healing, hepatoprotective, and hypolipidemic. The study on moprphological and microscopical was carried out on this plant as per the standards laid down by who to find the genuinity of the species. Physical constant values involving moisture content, ash and extractives as well as qualitative and quantitative estimation of various phytochemical have been studied. The presence of Saponins, Tannins, Terpenoids, Steroid, Flavonoids, and some other chemical constituents were recorded followed by antimicrobial activity of the plant against Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria. Looking forward with the potential aspects of the plant used in Traditional system standardization parameters were to be considered for its validation and authentication.
Preclinical study of ibuprofen loaded transnasal mucoadhesive microemulsion for neuroprotective effect in MPTP mice model Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
Design and development of Carbamazepine mucoadhesive microemulsion for intranasal delivery: An ex-vivo study International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2010
