Sukurat Olasumbo Usman
@unilorin.edu.ng
Lecturer, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
University of Ilorin, Nigeria
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha, Haneefat Folashade Ibraheem, Suleiman Taiwo, Ismail O. Ishola, Sukurat Olasumbo Usman, and Yusuf Oluwagbenga Ghazali
MDPI AG
Introduction: Globally, the incidence of inflammation and inflammatory disorders has continued to rise at an alarming rate. Entandrophragma utile is a species of flowering plant widely distributed in Africa and has been used for the management of sickle cell disease, rheumatism, ocular inflammation, duodenal and stomach ulcers. This research aims to formulate and evaluate an anti-inflammatory herbal emulgel using an extract from Entandrophragma utile stem bark (EUB). Method: Using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema model, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of EUB the extract was assessed. The formulated Entandrophragma utile emulgels (EUE) were characterized, and their anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated, by utilizing diclofenac emulgel-treated rats with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model as the positive control group. Results: The emulgels formulated had characterization results within acceptable ranges; pH (4.25–5.80), viscosity (418.9–112.8 mPas), spreadability (25.00–31.82 gcm/s), extrudability (30.86–51.02 g/cm2), and a swelling index of (30–60%). The emulgel produced a concentration-dependent inflammatory inhibition with a peak effect (117.97%) at the end of the 4th week which was comparable to that of commercial diclofenac (127.19%). The phytochemical analysis led to the identification of saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins as active secondary metabolites. Conclusions: The stem bark extract of E. utile possessed noteworthy (p < 0.05) reduction in inflammation in comparison to diclofenac and its emulgel formulation showed enormous potential for treating inflammation and pain.
Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha, Suleiman Olubusayomi Taiwo, Abimbola Rofiat Isiaka, Sherifat Omowunmi Amao, Ismail O. Ishola, Yusuf Oluwagbenga Ghazali, and Sukurat O. Usman
Elsevier BV
Sukurat Usman, , Abdulrahman Aliyu, Abimbola Sowemimo, Margaret Sofidiya, , and
University of Benin
Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha, Yusuf Oluwagbenga Ghazali, Hameedat Taiye Ayotunde, Soliu Abiola Atunwa, and Sukurat Olasumbo Usman
Informa UK Limited
Purpose Parquetina nigrescens (Pn) extract was evaluated for safety and antidiarrheal activity, formulated into stable suspensions, and characterized. Methods Acute toxicity of the extract based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development-423 guidelines was performed. The antidiarrheal effects of the extract on castor oil-induced diarrhea in four groups of Wistar rats were determined. The first and second groups received 5 and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the extract, while the third and fourth groups received normal saline (5 mg/kg bw) and loperamide (5 mg/kg bw) as negative and positive controls, respectively. Pn extract was used at 1.25% w/v to formulate structured vehicle (carboxylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and tragacanth) suspensions. The suspensions were tested for pharmacological activity and characterized. Results Acute toxicity gave a lethal dose 50 (LD50) that is greater than 300 and less than 2,000 mg/kg bw. A reduction in intestinal transit by 0.14 and 0.15% at 5 and 200 mg/kg of the extract was achieved as compared to an inhibition of 0.12% by 5 mg/kg loperamide. There was a dose-dependent decrease in the frequency of watery stool passed in castor oil-induced rats by 35.29% and 64.70% at 5 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. All the suspensions inhibited diarrhea, exhibiting a dose-dependent pattern and remained stable after 4 weeks. Their pH values ranged from 4.60±2.73 to 4.73±1.91, while viscosity ranged from 3.50±1.23 to 6.75±1.24 Pas at 60 rpm. Conclusion The results suggest that Pn possesses significant antidiarrheal activity. Suspensions of Pn were successfully formulated in structured vehicles and were effective in the control of diarrhea in Wistar rats.