PhD (Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering) --- Indian Institute of Technology Indore: Indore, Madhya Pradesh, IN
Master of Science (Biophysics) --- University of Kalyani: Kalyani, West Bengal, IN
Bachelor of Science (Physics) --- University of Calcutta: Kolkata, West Bengal, IN
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Computational Biophysics, Molecular Dynamics
31
Scopus Publications
525
Scholar Citations
12
Scholar h-index
15
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
The conformational dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus E2 glycoprotein with the increasing number of N-glycosylation unraveled by molecular dynamics simulations Sayan Poddar, Rajarshi Roy, Parimal Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2025 The Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), responsible for causing hepatitis and a significant contributor to liver disorders, presents a challenge for treatment due to its high genetic variability. Despite efforts, there is still no effective medication available for this virus. One of the promising targets for drug development involves targeting glycoprotein E2. However, our understanding of the dynamic behavior of E2 and its associated glycans remains limited. In this study, we investigated the dynamic characteristics of E2 with varying degrees of glycosylation using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. We also explored glycan's interactions with the protein and among themselves. An overall increase in correlation between the vital protein regions was observed with an increase in glycan number. The protein dynamics is followed by the analysis of glycan dynamics, where the flexibility of the individual glycans was analyzed in their free and bound state, which revealed a decrease in their fluctuation in some cases. Furthermore, we generated the free energy landscape of individual N-glycan linkages in both free and bound states and observed both increases and decreases in flexibility, which can be attributed to the formation and breakage of hydrogen bonds with amino acids. Finally, we found that for a high glycosylation system, glycans interact with glycoprotein and form hydrogen bonds among themselves. Moreover, the hydrogen bond profiles of a given glycan can vary when influenced by other glycans. In summary, our study provides valuable insights into the dynamics of the core region of HCV E2 glycoprotein and its associated glycans.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Elucidating the conformational dynamics of histo-blood group antigens and their interactions with the rotavirus spike protein through computational lens Sayan Poddar, Rajarshi Roy, Parimal Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024 In the present study, we investigated the conformational dynamics of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) and their interactions with the VP8* domain of four rotavirus genotypes (P[4], P[6], P[19], and P[11]) utilizing all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water. Our study revealed distinct changes in the dynamic behavior of the same glycan due to linkage variations. We observed that LNFPI HBGA having a terminal β linkage shows two dominant conformations after complexation, whereas only one was obtained for LNFPI with a terminal α linkage. Interestingly, both variants displayed a single dominant structure in the free state. Similarly, LNT and LNnT show a shift in their dihedral linkage profile between their two terminal monosaccharides because of a change in the linkage from β(1-3) to β(1-4). The molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) calculations yielded the highest binding affinity for LNFPI(β)/P[6] (-13.93 kcal/mol) due to the formation of numerous hydrogen bonds between VP8* and HBGAs. LNnT binds more strongly to P[11] (-12.88 kcal/mol) than LNT (-4.41 kcal/mol), suggesting a single change in the glycan linkage might impact its binding profile significantly. We have also identified critical amino acids and monosaccharides (Gal and GlcNAc) that contributed significantly to the protein-ligand binding through the per-residue decomposition of binding free energy. Moreover, we found that the interaction between the same glycan and different protein receptors within the same rotavirus genogroup influenced the micro-level dynamics of the glycan. Overall, our study helps a deeper understanding of the H-type HBGA and rotavirus spike protein interaction.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Plant derived active compounds of ayurvedic neurological formulation, Saraswatharishta as a potential dual leucine zipper kinase inhibitor: an in-silico study Suman Koirala, Rajarshi Roy, Sunanda Samanta, Subhasmita Mahapatra, Parimal Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024 Recent findings have highlighted the essential role of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) in neuronal degeneration. Saraswatharishta (SWRT), an ayurvedic formulation utilized in traditional Indian medicine, has demonstrated effectiveness in addressing neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we aim to delve into the atomistic details of the mode of action of phytochemicals present in SWRT against DLK. Our screening process encompassed over 500 distinct phytochemicals derived from the main ingredients of the SWRT formulation. Through a comparative analysis of docking scores and relative poses, we successfully identified four novel compounds, which underwent further investigation via 2 × 500 ns long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Among the top four compounds, CID16066851 sourced from the Acorus calamus displayed the most stable complex with DLK. The molecular mechanics Poisson - Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations highlighted the significance of electrostatic and van der Waals interactions in the binding recognition process. Additionally, we identified key residues, namely Phe192, Leu243, Val139, and Leu141, as hotspots that predominantly govern the DLK-inhibitor interaction. Notably, the leading compounds are sourced from the Acorus calamus, Syzygium aromaticum, Zingiber officinale, and Anethum sowa plants present in the SWRT formulation. Overall, the findings of our study hold promise for future drug development endeavors combating neurodegenerative conditions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Computational insights into VacA toxin inhibition: harnessing FDA-approved antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori Dharmendra Kashyap, Suman Koirala, Rajarshi Roy, Vaishali Saini, Nidhi Varshney, et al. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024 Cancer is a condition in which a few of the body's cells grow beyond its control and spread to other outward regions. Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is third most common cause of cancer-related mortality and the fourth most common kind of cancer. Persistent infection of VacA-positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) modulates cellular physiology and leads to GC. About ∼70% of H. pylori are positive for vacuolating cytotoxin-A (VacA), and it infects ∼80-90% of world populations. Herein, for first time, we repurposed FDA-approved gram-negative antibiotics, which are feasible alternatives to existing regimens and may be used in combinatorial treatment against VacA-positive H. pylori. Out of 110 FDA-approved antibiotics, we retrieved 92 structures, which were screened against the VacA protein. Moreover, we determined that the top eight hit antibiotics viz; cefpiramide, cefiderocol, eravacycline, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, enoxacin, tedizolid, and cefamandole show binding free energies of -9.1, -8.9, -8.1, -8.0, -7.9, -7.8, -7.8 and -7.8 Kcal/mol, respectively, with VacA protein. Finally, we performed 100 ns duplicate MD simulations on the top eight selected antibiotics showing strong VacA binding. Subsequently, five antibiotics, including cefiderocol, cefpiramide, doxycycline, enoxacin, and tedizolid show stable ligand protein distance and good binding affinity revealed by the MM-PBSA scheme. Among the five antibiotics cefiderocol act as the most potent inhibitor (-28.33 kcal/mol). Furthermore, we also identified the hotspot residue like Asn-506, Tyr-529, and Phe-483 which control the interaction. Concisely, we identified antibiotics that can be repurposed against VacA of H. pylori and explored their molecular mechanism of interaction with VacA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Withania somnifera extract reduces gastric cancerous properties through inhibition of gankyrin in cellular milieu produced by Helicobacter pylori and Epstein Barr virus Dharmendra Kashyap, Rajarshi Roy, Nidhi Varshney, Budhadev Baral, Pranit Hemant Bagde, et al. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024 Helicobacter pylori and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) are group1 carcinogens and their role in Gastric cancer (GC) is well established. Previously we have shown that H. pylori and EBV appears to support aggressive gastric oncogenesis through the upregulation of oncoprotein Gankyrin. Natural plant active molecules have the potential to interrupt oncogenesis. Herein, we investigated the potential of Withania somnifera root extract (WSE) as a possible chemotherapeutic agent against host oncoprotein Gankyrin whose expression was altered by H. pylori and EBV-associated modified cellular milieu. The results show that WSE does not have any inhibitory effect on H. pylori and EBV-associated gene transcripts except for the lmps (lmp1, lmp2a, and lmp2B). Moreover, the WSE exert their anticancer activity via host cellular response and decreased the expression of cell-migratory (mmp3 and mmp7); cell-cycle regulator (pcna); antiapoptotic gene (bcl2); increased the expression of the proapoptotic gene (apaf1 and bax); and tumor suppressor (p53, prb, and pten). Knockdown of Gankyrin followed by the treatment of WSE also decreases the expression of TNF-ɑ, Akt, and elevated the expression of NFkB, PARP, Casp3, and Casp9. WSE also reduces cell migration, and genomic instability and forced the cells to commit programmed cell death. Moreover, molecular simulation studies revealed that out of eight active compounds of WSE, only four compounds such as withaferin A (WFA), withanoside IV (WA4), withanolide B (WNB), and withanolide D (WND) showed direct stable interaction with Gankyrin. This article reports for the first time that treatment of WSE decreased the cancerous properties through host cellular response modulation in gastric epithelial cells coinfected with H. pylori and EBV.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase an antibody diversification enzyme interacts with chromatin modifier UBN1 in B-cells Ankit Jaiswal, Rajarshi Roy, Anubhav Tamrakar, Amit Kumar Singh, Parimal Kar, et al. Scientific Reports, 2023 Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is the key mediator of antibody diversification in activated B-cells by the process of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). Targeting AID to the Ig genes requires transcription (initiation and elongation), enhancers, and its interaction with numerous factors. Furthermore, the HIRA chaperon complex, a regulator of chromatin architecture, is indispensable for SHM. The HIRA chaperon complex consists of UBN1, ASF1a, HIRA, and CABIN1 that deposit H3.3 onto the DNA, the SHM hallmark. We explored whether UBN1 interacts with AID using computational and in-vitro experiments. Interestingly, our in-silico studies, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation results, predict that AID interacts with UBN1. Subsequently, co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down experiments established interactions between UBN1 and AID inside B-cells. Additionally, a double immunofluorescence assay confirmed that AID and UBN1 were co-localized in the human and chicken B-cell lines. Moreover, proximity ligation assay studies validated that AID interacts with UBN1. Ours is the first report on the interaction of genome mutator enzyme AID with UBN1. Nevertheless, the fate of interaction between UBN1 and AID is yet to be explored in the context of SHM or CSR.
The conformational dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus E2 glycoprotein with the increasing number of N -glycosylation unraveled by molecular dynamics simulations S Poddar, R Roy, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 43 (18), 10342-10357 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Computational insights into VacA toxin inhibition: harnessing FDA-approved antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori D Kashyap, S Koirala, R Roy, V Saini, N Varshney, PH Bagde, S Samanta, ... Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (24), 13725-13737 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Elucidating the conformational dynamics of histo-blood group antigens and their interactions with the rotavirus spike protein through computational lens S Poddar, R Roy, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (23), 13201-13215 , 2024 2024
Withania somnifera extract reduces gastric cancerous properties through inhibition of gankyrin in cellular milieu produced by Helicobacter pylori and Epstein Barr … D Kashyap, R Roy, N Varshney, B Baral, PH Bagde, M Kandpal, S Kumar, ... Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (18), 9399-9415 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Plant derived active compounds of ayurvedic neurological formulation, Saraswatharishta as a potential dual leucine zipper kinase inhibitor: an in-silico study S Koirala, R Roy, S Samanta, S Mahapatra, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (20), 11201-11214 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
The role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in perceptual filling-in of the blind-spot with variegated color and texture stimuli A Mukherjee, A Paul, R Roy, K Ghosh Vision Research 222, 108452 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Predicting immune response targets in orthoflaviviruses through sequence homology and computational analysis VN Are, R Roy, SK Dhanda, S Neema, NR Sahu, N Adithya, R Tiwari, ... Journal of Molecular Modeling 30 (8), 295 , 2024 2024
4 ″-Alkyl EGCG Derivatives Induce Cytoprotective Autophagy Response by Inhibiting EGFR in Glioblastoma Cells S Singh, P Ghosh, R Roy, A Behera, R Sahadevan, P Kar, S Sadhukhan, ... ACS omega 9 (2), 2286-2301 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase an antibody diversification enzyme interacts with chromatin modifier UBN1 in B-cells A Jaiswal, R Roy, A Tamrakar, AK Singh, P Kar, P Kodgire Scientific Reports 13 (1), 19615 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
Computational studies indicated the effectiveness of human metabolites against SARS-Cov-2 main protease R Roy, MF Sk, O Tanwar, P Kar Molecular Diversity 27 (4), 1587-1602 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Plant-derived active compounds as a potential nucleocapsid protein inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2: an in-silico study D Kashyap, R Roy, P Kar, HC Jha Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 41 (10), 4770-4785 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Conformational preferences of triantennary and tetraantennary hybrid N-glycans in aqueous solution: Insights from 20 μs long atomistic molecular dynamic simulations R Roy, S Poddar, MF Sk, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 41 (8), 3305-3320 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Asymmetric Perceptual Filling-In of Blind-Spot Through Novel Stimuli with Variegated Color and Texture Gradient A Mukherjee, A Paul, R Roy, K Ghosh Available at SSRN 4439324 , 2023 2023
Comparison of the conformational dynamics of an N-glycan in implicit and explicit solvents R Roy, S Poddar, P Kar Carbohydrate Research 522, 108700 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Finding potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease through virtual screening, ADMET, and molecular dynamics simulation studies R Roy, MF Sk, NA Jonniya, S Poddar, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 40 (14), 6556-6568 , 2022 2022 Citations: 25
Emerging biomedical applications of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein S Rehman, S Bishnoi, R Roy, A Kumari, H Jayakumar, S Gupta, P Kar, ... ACS omega 7 (37), 32840-32848 , 2022 2022 Citations: 13
Role of doxorubicin on the loading efficiency of ICG within silk fibroin nanoparticles S Jaiswal, R Roy, SB Dutta, S Bishnoi, P Kar, A Joshi, D Nayak, S Gupta ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 8 (7), 3054-3065 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Effect of Sulfation on the Conformational Dynamics of Dermatan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan: A Gaussian Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Study R Roy, NA Jonniya, P Kar The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 126 (21), 3852-3866 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Comparative Structural Dynamics of Isoforms of Helicobacter pylori Adhesin BabA Bound to Lewis b Hexasaccharide via Multiple Replica Molecular Dynamics … R Roy, NA Jonniya, MF Sk, P Kar Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 9, 852895 , 2022 2022 Citations: 7
Phosphorylation-induced conformational dynamics and inhibition of Janus Kinase 1 by suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 MF Sk, NA Jonniya, R Roy, P Kar The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 126 (17), 3224-3239 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Elucidating biophysical basis of binding of inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 main protease by using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations MF Sk, R Roy, NA Jonniya, S Poddar, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 39 (10), 3649-3661 , 2021 2021 Citations: 92
Exploring the potency of currently used drugs against HIV-1 protease of subtype D variant by using multiscale simulations MF Sk, R Roy, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 39 (3), 988-1003 , 2021 2021 Citations: 48
An in-silico study on selected organosulfur compounds as potential drugs for SARS-CoV-2 infection via binding multiple drug targets L Thurakkal, S Singh, R Roy, P Kar, S Sadhukhan, M Porel Chemical physics letters 763, 138193 , 2021 2021 Citations: 48
Computational investigation of structural dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 methyltransferase-stimulatory factor heterodimer nsp16/nsp10 bound to the cofactor SAM MF Sk, NA Jonniya, R Roy, S Poddar, P Kar Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 7, 590165 , 2020 2020 Citations: 48
Investigating conformational dynamics of Lewis Y oligosaccharides and elucidating blood group dependency of cholera using molecular dynamics R Roy, B Ghosh, P Kar ACS omega 5 (8), 3932-3942 , 2020 2020 Citations: 36
Investigating the mechanism of recognition and structural dynamics of nucleoprotein-RNA complex from Peste des petits ruminants virus via Gaussian accelerated … R Roy, A Mishra, S Poddar, D Nayak, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 40 (5), 2302-2315 , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
Finding potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease through virtual screening, ADMET, and molecular dynamics simulation studies R Roy, MF Sk, NA Jonniya, S Poddar, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 40 (14), 6556-6568 , 2022 2022 Citations: 25
Unraveling the molecular mechanism of recognition of selected next-generation antirheumatoid arthritis inhibitors by Janus kinase 1 MF Sk, NA Jonniya, R Roy, P Kar ACS omega 7 (7), 6195-6209 , 2022 2022 Citations: 25
Structure-based design and synthesis of a novel long-chain 4′′-alkyl ether derivative of EGCG as potent EGFR inhibitor: In vitro and in silico studies S Singh, R Sahadevan, R Roy, M Biswas, P Ghosh, P Kar, A Sonawane, ... RSC advances 12 (28), 17821-17836 , 2022 2022 Citations: 24
Effect of Sulfation on the Conformational Dynamics of Dermatan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan: A Gaussian Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Study R Roy, NA Jonniya, P Kar The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 126 (21), 3852-3866 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Emerging biomedical applications of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein S Rehman, S Bishnoi, R Roy, A Kumari, H Jayakumar, S Gupta, P Kar, ... ACS omega 7 (37), 32840-32848 , 2022 2022 Citations: 13
Plant-derived active compounds as a potential nucleocapsid protein inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2: an in-silico study D Kashyap, R Roy, P Kar, HC Jha Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 41 (10), 4770-4785 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Role of doxorubicin on the loading efficiency of ICG within silk fibroin nanoparticles S Jaiswal, R Roy, SB Dutta, S Bishnoi, P Kar, A Joshi, D Nayak, S Gupta ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 8 (7), 3054-3065 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Unraveling the molecular mechanism of recognition of human interferon-stimulated gene product 15 by coronavirus papain-like proteases: A multiscale simulation study R Roy, NA Jonniya, S Poddar, MF Sk, P Kar Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 61 (12), 6038-6052 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Phosphorylation-induced conformational dynamics and inhibition of Janus Kinase 1 by suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 MF Sk, NA Jonniya, R Roy, P Kar The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 126 (17), 3224-3239 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Withania somnifera extract reduces gastric cancerous properties through inhibition of gankyrin in cellular milieu produced by Helicobacter pylori and Epstein Barr … D Kashyap, R Roy, N Varshney, B Baral, PH Bagde, M Kandpal, S Kumar, ... Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (18), 9399-9415 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Plant derived active compounds of ayurvedic neurological formulation, Saraswatharishta as a potential dual leucine zipper kinase inhibitor: an in-silico study S Koirala, R Roy, S Samanta, S Mahapatra, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42 (20), 11201-11214 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Conformational preferences of triantennary and tetraantennary hybrid N-glycans in aqueous solution: Insights from 20 μs long atomistic molecular dynamic simulations R Roy, S Poddar, MF Sk, P Kar Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 41 (8), 3305-3320 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Computational studies indicated the effectiveness of human metabolites against SARS-Cov-2 main protease R Roy, MF Sk, O Tanwar, P Kar Molecular Diversity 27 (4), 1587-1602 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Comparative Structural Dynamics of Isoforms of Helicobacter pylori Adhesin BabA Bound to Lewis b Hexasaccharide via Multiple Replica Molecular Dynamics … R Roy, NA Jonniya, MF Sk, P Kar Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 9, 852895 , 2022 2022 Citations: 7