Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Structural, Chemical, Bioactivity and Biocompatibility Characteristics of Bioactive Glass–Polymer Composite Film Mamun Khan Sujon, Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Ruzalina Baharin, Naurah Mat Isa, Muhammad Azrul Zabidi, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2025 Gamma irradiation is an effective technique for biocomposite films intended for application in tissue engineering (TE) to ensure sterility and patient safety prior to clinical applications. This study proposed a biocomposite film composed of natural polymer chitosan (CS) and synthetic polymer poly‐Ɛ‐caprolactone (PCL) reinforced with sol–gel‐derived bioactive glass (BG) for potential application in TE. The BG/PCL/CS biocomposite film was sterilized using 25 kGy gamma rays, and subsequent changes in its characteristics were analyzed through mechanical and physical assessment, bioactivity evaluation via immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and biocompatibility examination using human primary dermal fibroblasts (HPDFs). Results indicated a homogeneous distribution of BG particles within the BG/PCL/CS polymer matrix which enhanced bioactivity, and the polymer blend provide a structurally stable film. Gamma irradiation induced an increase in the film's surface roughness due to photo‐oxidative degradation; however, this did not adversely affect the integrity of glass particles and polymer chains. In vitro assessments demonstrated hydroxyapatite formation on the film's surface, suggesting bioactivity. Biocompatibility testing confirmed enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. These multifunctional properties highlight the potential of the fabricated BG/PCL/CS biocomposite film for TE and regenerative medicine applications.
Development and physiochemical assessment of graphene-bioactive glass-P(3HB-co-4HB) composite scaffold as prospect biomaterial for wound healing Mohd Aiman Hakimi Abdul Rahim, Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor Biomedical Materials Bristol, 2024 The clinical management of wounds presents a considerable challenge because dressing selection must prioritise the provision of appropriate barrier and the healing properties, consider patient’s compliance factors such as comfort, functionality and practicality. This study primarily aimed to develop a composite scaffold patch for potential application in wound healing. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] is a biopolymer that originated from bacteria. It is well-recognised owing to its distinctive mechanical and physical characteristics suitable for biomedical applications. Graphene (G) and bioactive glass (BG) are biocompatible towards humans, and enhanced properties are achievable by adding biopolymer. In this study, composite scaffolds were developed by combining P(3HB-co-4HB) at a distinct proportion of 4HB monomer reinforced with G (3.0 wt.%) and BG (2.5 wt.%) by using solvent casting, resulting in two types of composite scaffolds: P(3HB-co-25%4HB)/G/BG and P(3HB-co-37%4HB)/G/BG. A successful composite scaffold as a unified structure was achieved based on chemical assessments of organic and inorganic elements within the composites. The pure polymer displayed a smooth surface, and the BG and G addition into the composite scaffolds increased surface roughness, forming irregular pores and protuberances. The wettability and hydrophilicity of the composites significantly improved up to 40% in terms of water uptake. An increment in crystallisation temperature diminished the flexibility of the composite’s scaffolds. Evaluation of Presto Blue biocompatibility demonstrated nontoxic behaviour with a dosage of less than 25.00 mg ml−1 of composite scaffold-conditioned media. The L929 fibroblast cells displayed excellent adhesion to both types of composite scaffolds, as evidenced by the increased percentage of cell viability observed throughout 14 d of exposure. These findings demonstrate the importance of optimising each component within the composite scaffolds and their interrelation, paving the way for excellent material properties and enhancing the potential for wound healing applications.
UV–Vis Spectroscopic Trends of Liquid-exfoliated Graphite/Graphene Nanoplatelets/Bioactive Glass Mixtures Mohd Aiman Hakimi Abdul Rahim, , Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor, , , and Journal of Physical Science, 2023 Liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene using a suitable solvent is safe, although the sonication period needs further exploration, which may affect the exfoliation process. This study investigated graphene exfoliation in chloroform through UV–Vis spectroscopy. Graphite powder at different ratios was soaked in chloroform and sonicated at different sonication times from 30 min to 180 min and then subjected to centrifugation at 4,000 rpm for 30 min. The supernatant was collected and analysed using UV–Vis spectroscopy at wavelengths between 220 nm and 800 nm. The UV absorbance intensity showed that the presence of exfoliated graphene peaks is free of interference at 120 min. A comparative study was conducted by using graphene in chloroform as controls and adding bioactive glass (BG) within graphite powder-chloroform emulsions in different concentrations at 120 min. Graphene appearance at the anticipated absorption peak at ~270 nm was observed, and BG addition led to agglomeration, which could provide an idea for a better material formulation strategy in developing films that combined graphene/ BG because of their exceptional properties suitable for diverse potential biomedical application.
Biocompatible Nutmeg Oil-Loaded Nanoemulsion as Phyto-Repellent Masturah Mohd Narawi, Hock Ing Chiu, Yoke Keong Yong, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Muggundha Raoov Ramachandran, Chau Ling Tham, Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Vuanghao Lim Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020 Plant essential oils are widely used in perfumes and insect repellent products. However, due to the high volatility of the constituents in essential oils, their efficacy as a repellent product is less effective than that of synthetic compounds. Using a nanoemulsion as a carrier is one way to overcome this disadvantage of essential oils. Nutmeg oil-loaded nanoemulsion (NT) was prepared using a high speed homogenizer and sonicator with varying amounts of surfactant, glycerol, and distilled water. Using a phase diagram, different formulations were tested for their droplet size and insect repellent activity. The nanoemulsion containing 6.25% surfactant and 91.25% glycerol (NT 6) had the highest percentage of protection (87.81%) in terms of repellent activity among the formulations tested for the 8 h duration of the experiment. The droplet size of NT 6 was 217.4 nm, and its polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.248. The zeta potential value was –44.2 mV, and the viscosity was 2.49 Pa.s at pH 5.6. The in vitro release profile was 71.5%. When the cytotoxicity of NT 6 at 400 μg/mL was tested using the MTS assay, cell viability was 97.38%. Physical appearance and stability of the nanoemulsion improved with the addition of glycerol as a co-solvent. In summary, a nutmeg oil-loaded nanoemulsion was successfully formulated and its controlled release of the essential oil showed mosquito repellent activity, thus eliminating the disadvantages of essential oils.
Investigation of PLA-PEG-45S5 Bioactive glass composite enhancement on bioactivity Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor, Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Siti Nur Liyana Ramlee, Nur Syazana Azizan Key Engineering Materials, 2020 Bioactivity is an important aspect in biomaterial science ensuring materials used are safe for clinical application. The study describes fabrication of composites containing polylactic acid (PLA) – polyethylene glycol (PEG) with incorporation of sol-gel derived 45S5 bioactive glass (BG). Thermal analysis via Differential Thermal Analysis shows a favorable point over degree of crystallization that influence cells attachment, although non-significant difference in values indicates BG has homogenously dispersed. This correlates to X-ray diffraction analysis where non-significant difference is seen in intensities of the diffraction peaks, which confirms low impact of BG brittleness properties over the fabricated composite. Composites’ pH and degradation study in Simulated Body Fluid shows a steady increment profile over time and lower degradation rate for the composite after incorporation of BG. In vitro cell proliferation study also showed that HDF cells seeded on composite film of P/BG2.5 exhibit highest cell viability with steady increment of proliferation throughout the observation period.
Effects of DPSS laser on human dermal fibroblasts and human breast cancer cells lines Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Fatanah M. Suhaimi, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor, Syatirah Mat Zin 2018 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Iecbes 2018 Proceedings, 2019 Different types of lasers are used in various research and medical applications such as therapies, surgical procedures and medical diagnostic. Low level laser therapy (LLT) utilizes low intensity power with various wavelength that are proposed for a wide variety of medical applications for promoting tissue regeneration, reduce inflammation and pain, and wound healing process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of laser irradiation diode-pumped solid state laser (DPSS) violet 405nm on cell viability of human normal and cancer cell lines. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and human breast cancer (MCF7) cells lines were exposed to laser light for 5 minutes of exposure time. The cells viability were analyzed by Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay and morphological changes were evaluated using inverted microscope. Findings revealed that the viability of HDF was not affected by laser irradiation. However, this laser treatment exhibited cytotoxic effect on MCF7. Reduction of cells number and changes in cell morphology were observed in MCF7 after being treated with laser in short duration of time. Thus, the results may suggest that DPSS violet laser at 405nm had inhibition effect on cancer cell lines and did not cause loss of cell viability in normal cell lines.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Structural, Chemical, Bioactivity and Biocompatibility Characteristics of Bioactive Glass–Polymer Composite Film MK Sujon, SF Samsurrijal, R Baharin, NM Isa, MA Zabidi, SNF Mohd Noor Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 113 (1), e37842 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 5
Development and physiochemical assessment of graphene-bioactive glass-P(3HB- co -4HB) composite scaffold as prospect biomaterial for wound healing MAH Abdul Rahim, SF Samsurrijal, AAA Abdullah, SNF Mohd Noor Biomedical Materials 19 (4), 045040 , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 2
UV-Vis Spectroscopic Trends of Liquid-exfoliated Graphite/Graphene Nanoplatelets/Bioactive Glass Mixtures. MAH Abdul Rahim, SF Samsurrija, AAA Abdullah, SNF Mohd Noor Journal of Physical Science 34 (2) , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 5
Glass-Polymer Film Conditioned SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor, MK Sujon, K Musa 6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2021 … , 2022 2022.0
6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2021 J Usman, YM Liew, MY Ahmad, F Ibrahim Proceedings of BioMed2021 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Determination of Suitable Bioactive Glass-Polymer Film Conditioned Medium Extracts for Potential Applications in Tissue Regeneration: A Preliminary Study SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor, MK Sujon, K Musa Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 511-518 , 2021 2021.0
Identifying bioglass and liquid exfoliation of graphite/MWCNT mixtures through UV–Vis spectroscopy SF Samsurrijal, NSAN Sharifulden, NS Azizan, DYS Chau, SNFM Noor Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 529-540 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Optimization of biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from flavonoid-rich Clinacanthus nutans leaf and stem aqueous extracts SNA Mat Yusuf, CNA Che Mood, NH Ahmad, D Sandai, CK Lee, V Lim Royal Society open science 7 (7) , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 135
Biocompatible nutmeg oil-loaded nanoemulsion as phyto-repellent M Mohd Narawi, HI Chiu, YK Yong, NN Mohamad Zain, ... Frontiers in pharmacology 11, 214 , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 60
Investigation of PLA-PEG-45S5 bioactive glass composite enhancement on bioactivity NSAN Sharifulden, SNFM Noor, SF Samsurrijal, SNL Ramlee, NS Azizan Key Engineering Materials 833, 214-219 , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 4
Enhancement of dental pulp stem cell viability using Acmella oleraceae extract combined with bioactive glass SF Samsurrijal, RA Rahim, NS Azizan, SNFM Noor, L Vuanghao Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (JBCS) eISSN: 2550-147X 4 (1), 34-43 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 5
Effects of DPSS laser on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Human Breast Cancer cells lines SF Samsurrijal, FM Suhaimi, SNFM Noor, SM Zin 2018 IEEE-EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES … , 2018 2018.0
Enhancement of dental pulp stem cell viability using acmella oleraceae extract combined with bioactive glass Cite This Article SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Optimization of biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from flavonoid-rich Clinacanthus nutans leaf and stem aqueous extracts SNA Mat Yusuf, CNA Che Mood, NH Ahmad, D Sandai, CK Lee, V Lim Royal Society open science 7 (7) , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 135
Biocompatible nutmeg oil-loaded nanoemulsion as phyto-repellent M Mohd Narawi, HI Chiu, YK Yong, NN Mohamad Zain, ... Frontiers in pharmacology 11, 214 , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 60
Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Structural, Chemical, Bioactivity and Biocompatibility Characteristics of Bioactive Glass–Polymer Composite Film MK Sujon, SF Samsurrijal, R Baharin, NM Isa, MA Zabidi, SNF Mohd Noor Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 113 (1), e37842 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 5
UV-Vis Spectroscopic Trends of Liquid-exfoliated Graphite/Graphene Nanoplatelets/Bioactive Glass Mixtures. MAH Abdul Rahim, SF Samsurrija, AAA Abdullah, SNF Mohd Noor Journal of Physical Science 34 (2) , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 5
Enhancement of dental pulp stem cell viability using Acmella oleraceae extract combined with bioactive glass SF Samsurrijal, RA Rahim, NS Azizan, SNFM Noor, L Vuanghao Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (JBCS) eISSN: 2550-147X 4 (1), 34-43 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 5
Investigation of PLA-PEG-45S5 bioactive glass composite enhancement on bioactivity NSAN Sharifulden, SNFM Noor, SF Samsurrijal, SNL Ramlee, NS Azizan Key Engineering Materials 833, 214-219 , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 4
Development and physiochemical assessment of graphene-bioactive glass-P(3HB- co -4HB) composite scaffold as prospect biomaterial for wound healing MAH Abdul Rahim, SF Samsurrijal, AAA Abdullah, SNF Mohd Noor Biomedical Materials 19 (4), 045040 , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 2
6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2021 J Usman, YM Liew, MY Ahmad, F Ibrahim Proceedings of BioMed2021 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Identifying bioglass and liquid exfoliation of graphite/MWCNT mixtures through UV–Vis spectroscopy SF Samsurrijal, NSAN Sharifulden, NS Azizan, DYS Chau, SNFM Noor Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 529-540 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Glass-Polymer Film Conditioned SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor, MK Sujon, K Musa 6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2021 … , 2022 2022.0
Determination of Suitable Bioactive Glass-Polymer Film Conditioned Medium Extracts for Potential Applications in Tissue Regeneration: A Preliminary Study SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor, MK Sujon, K Musa Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 511-518 , 2021 2021.0
Effects of DPSS laser on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Human Breast Cancer cells lines SF Samsurrijal, FM Suhaimi, SNFM Noor, SM Zin 2018 IEEE-EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES … , 2018 2018.0
Enhancement of dental pulp stem cell viability using acmella oleraceae extract combined with bioactive glass Cite This Article SF Samsurrijal, SNFM Noor
