Evaluation of the hepatoprotective properties of Vitex Altissima bark extracts and isolated bioactive: In-vitro and In-vivo approach I.A. Chethan, Jaishree Vaijanathappa European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports, 2026 Vitex altissima ( V. altissima ), an ethnopharmacologically valuable plant, is explicitly used as traditional medicine by local folks to cure liver-related disorders in Coorg. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the bark extract's hepatoprotective and antioxidant mechanisms and its isolated potent compound against CCl 4 -induced toxicity. Ethanolic bark extracts underwent phytochemical screening, LC-MS profiling and bioactivity-guided antioxidant assays, including DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging methods. Preparative HPLC enabled the isolation of three compounds, among which Isolate-1 demonstrated the most potent bioactivity and was structurally characterized as Albafuran C via FTIR, NMR, and LC-MS/MS analyses. In vitro hepatoprotection studies using HepG2 cells revealed that pretreatment with Isolate-1 significantly enhanced cell viability, suppressed CCl 4 -induced oxidative stress, and restored antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, CAT). Flow cytometry confirmed reduced intracellular ROS and iNOS expression, supporting its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential. In vivo experiments in CCl 4 -induced Wistar rats demonstrated significant amelioration of hepatic markers (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, and albumin) and restoration of liver histoarchitecture upon treatment with Isolate-1. Molecular analysis by RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed downregulation of NF-κB signaling and inflammatory mediators. These findings confirm the hepatoprotective mechanism of V. altissima , substantiating its traditional use and identifying Albafuran C as a promising phytotherapeutic agent. This study establishes a scientific rationale for further development of Albafuran C as a natural hepatoprotective compound targeting oxidative and inflammatory liver injury. • Vitex altisimma bark extracts were screened for hepatoprotective activity. • Albafuran C was isolated from the bark extract of Vitex altisimma. • Albafuran C exhibited hepatoprotective and antioxidative effect. • Albafuran also shown good anti-inflammatory activity on liver.
Medicinal and Nutraceutical Fruits from the Himalayas Jaishree Vaijanathappa, Igguda Achaiah Chethan Native Crops in India Biochemical Processing and Nutraceutical Aspects, 2025 Across the world, mountain regions are known for their high levels of biodiversity, and this includes a diverse range of plant species. Many of these plants produce edible fruits, berries, nuts, and other food items. Among the 36 global biodiversity hotspots, the Himalayas represent the 4th position, thus have global significance and receive special attention toward biodiversity conservation and management. Indigenous native fruit crops contribute only 6.56% of the total corresponding Indian area, with high productivity (11.47 tons/ha). Wild edible berries in the Himalayan region serve as valuable bio-resources and are often harvested for both subsistence and commercial purposes due to their good yield and nutritional value. The diversity of high-value plant species, distribution and availability for conservation identification of potential areas of cultivation, traditional use practices, nutraceutical and nutritional properties, demand, supply, and marketing thus become vital for mainstreaming wild bio-resources for sustainable development (Pathak et al., 2023). The Government of India sponsored a Mission on Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH, then National Horticulture Mission [NHM]) in 2005/2006 to provide special impetus to establish orchards of underutilized fruit species. The morphological characteristics of these underutilized fruit crops enable them to be drought-responsive and survive in adverse arid and semi-arid environments. These underutilized fruit crops represent the next generation of futuristic crops that can improve the farmer’s income through sustainable production systems under a climate-change scenario (Meena et al., 2022).
Statistical Analysis for K-L Staging 2 and 3 of Pre VAS and WOMAC Using Different Interventions Adarsh, Gowda D. H. Panchaksharappa, N. Chaithra, I. A. Chethan Advancements in Science and Technology for Healthcare Agriculture and Environmental Sustainability A Review of the Latest Research and Innovations Proceedings of the International Analytics Conference Iac 2023, 2024 Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease in which the articular cartilage of the patient wears down over time. Those bones supporting the body weight such as the knee joints are mostly prone to articular cartilage degeneration leading to pain, swelling and deformity. A Group of 170 patients from rural and urban areas were selected for performing statistical analysis of VAS and WOMAC scale values from baseline and different period of follow-ups. It covers 98.34% of items in that range (167 items for 170) and it is very close to 95.45%. The statistical method is applied to verify whether the distribution of age is normal and level of VAS and WOMAC Scale values of baseline and follow-up exhibited statistically significant. An effort is made to correlate the relationship between KL2 and KL3 staging via OZONE, PRE and DEXTROSE interventions which were effectively measured and monitored through the use of Pre VAS and WOMAC.
Phenyl glycine incorporated glitazones as promising novel antidiabetic agents through PPARγ agonism: Design, synthesis and preclinical studies Subhankar Mandal, Devi Sri Chiriki, B.M. Gurupadayya, I.A. Chethan, B.R. Prashantha Kumar European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports, 2022 Nuclear receptors function as regulators in different anabolic and catabolic pathways. PPARγ, a superfamily of nuclear receptors take part in glucose and lipid metabolism. The functional activation of PPARγ enhances insulin sensitization thereby enhances glucose uptake which results in antidiabetic activity. Present study identifies two novel glitazones of a chemical class 2-amino-2-(4-(2-oxo-2-(substituted phenylamino) ethoxy) phenyl) acetic acid (6a and 6b). They were rationally designed and synthesized specific to the target protein peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). The rational design was executed based on principles of bioisosterism keeping the basic structural requirements of glitazones. The designed glitazones were synthesized, purified, analysed and in silico molecular docking and further molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed against PPARγ protein with pioglitazone as reference glitazone. Comparable CDOCKER interaction energy for designed glitazones (6a and 6b) [(−) 46.1385 and (−) 45.8841 kcal/mol] were observed against standard pioglitazone [(−) 49.8236 kcal/mol). The IC50 values of 5.61 and 6.82 μM were evaluated from protein binding assay via time resolved fluorescence test (TR-FRET). The promising results motivated us to evaluate 6a for in vivo pharmacokinetic profile and anti-diabetic assay. The 6a showed significant antidiabetic activity compared with the pioglitazone in the streptozotocin (STZ) induced rat model. Interestingly, for 6a, improved T1/2 (half-life) of 3.0855 ± 0.29 h and Kel (elimination rate constant) of 0.2246 ± 0.19 was observed as compared to the pioglitazone, depicting better pharmacokinetic profile for novel glitazone. Altogether, the preclinical study of 6a was promising via activation of PPARγ receptors.
Novel analytical method development, validation and stability study of anticancer drug erlotinib in tablet dosage form by RP-UFLC Purvini K, Chethan IA, Jaishree Vaijanathappa Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 2021 Present work is aimed to develop a novel, simple and accurate reverse phase-ultrafast liquid chromatographic (RP-UFLC) method for erlotinib (ELB) in tablet dosage form. The chromatogram was achieved by using Eclipse plus C18 column with methanol and water along with triethylamine (TEA 0.1%) as mobile phase (50:50 v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The tablet dosage form was assayed, validated and subjected to degradation studies. The standard ELB possessed a retention time of 5.51 min and the developed method was linear in the concentration range of 10-100 μg/ml with r2≤0.99.Validation parameters have shown that the developed method was precise (%RSD < 1), accurate (recovery 98.50 to 99.52%) and robust. In the degradation studies, no extra products were observed in thermal conditions and a degraded product was observed in negligible percentage in basic and acidic conditions.
Synthesis, characterisation and anti-inflammatory activity of some novel quinazolin-4-(3h)-one analogues Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 2012
Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of some novel isoxazoles Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2011
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Properties of Vitex Altissima Bark Extracts and Isolated Bioactive: In-vitro and In-vivo approach IA Chethan, J Vaijanathappa European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports, 100312 , 2025 2025.0
Medicinal and Nutraceutical Fruits from the Himalayas J Vaijanathappa, IA Chethan Native Crops in India, 60-95 , 2025 2025.0
Phenyl glycine incorporated glitazones as promising novel antidiabetic agents through PPARγ agonism: design, synthesis and preclinical studies S Mandal, DS Chiriki, BM Gurupadayya, IA Chethan, BRP Kumar European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports 6, 100067 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 7
A simultaneous liquid chromatographic analysis of niclosamide and bicalutamide in rat plasma by protein precipitation extraction MM V M Chitra, S Sagheer Ahmed, H V Annegowda, I A Chetan, B Ramesh Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises 80 (05), 678-686 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 5
Novel Analytical Method Development, Validation and Stability Study of Anticancer Drug Erlotinib in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-UFLC JV Purvini K,Chethan IA Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 55 (02), s589-s594 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Screening of Aerial Parts of the Plant Clerodendrum paniculatum Linn for Anti-Convulsant Activity K Priyanka, IJ Kuppast, SV Gururaj, IA Chethan Research journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics 11 (1), 1-4 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 2
Synthesis, Characterisation and Anti-inflammatory Activity of some Novel Quinazolin-4-(3h)-one Analogues NK Sathish, S Shahensha, MI Ali, IA Chethan Indian journal of pharmaceutical education and research 46 (2), 185-191 , 2012 2012.0 Citations: 3
Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of some novel isoxazoles, Der K Sathish, P Raviteja, S Ramakrishna, I Chethan Pharmacia. Lett 3 (3), 378-82 , 2011 2011.0 Citations: 7
UV spectrophotometric determination of Darifenacin Hydrobromide in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms NK Sathish, V Pradeep Der Pharmacia Sinica , 2011 2011.0 Citations: 7
NITRIC OXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF FLOWERS OF SPATHODEA CAMPANULATA P. BEAUV AR Hareesh, R Kowti, MGA Harsha, BPS Kumar, ST Gowda, ... Inventi Rapid: Ethnopharmacology , 2010 2010.0
Rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectroscopy Method for the Simultaneous Measurement of Niacin and Nicotinuric Acid in Human Plasma and its … IA Chethan PQDT-Global , 2010 2010.0
Pelagia Research Library NK Sathish, PV Khandelwal, IA Chethan, AK Shrestha
Nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenging activity of flower of Spathodea campanulata P AR Hareesh, R Harsha, MG Ahmed, BP Satish Kumar, ... Beauv. Invent Rapid Ethnopharmacol, 2010a 1, 2-4 , 0 Citations: 2
Pelagia Research Library YL Santhosh, V Kumar, KV Ramanth
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Phenyl glycine incorporated glitazones as promising novel antidiabetic agents through PPARγ agonism: design, synthesis and preclinical studies S Mandal, DS Chiriki, BM Gurupadayya, IA Chethan, BRP Kumar European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports 6, 100067 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 7
Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of some novel isoxazoles, Der K Sathish, P Raviteja, S Ramakrishna, I Chethan Pharmacia. Lett 3 (3), 378-82 , 2011 2011.0 Citations: 7
UV spectrophotometric determination of Darifenacin Hydrobromide in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms NK Sathish, V Pradeep Der Pharmacia Sinica , 2011 2011.0 Citations: 7
A simultaneous liquid chromatographic analysis of niclosamide and bicalutamide in rat plasma by protein precipitation extraction MM V M Chitra, S Sagheer Ahmed, H V Annegowda, I A Chetan, B Ramesh Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises 80 (05), 678-686 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 5
Synthesis, Characterisation and Anti-inflammatory Activity of some Novel Quinazolin-4-(3h)-one Analogues NK Sathish, S Shahensha, MI Ali, IA Chethan Indian journal of pharmaceutical education and research 46 (2), 185-191 , 2012 2012.0 Citations: 3
Screening of Aerial Parts of the Plant Clerodendrum paniculatum Linn for Anti-Convulsant Activity K Priyanka, IJ Kuppast, SV Gururaj, IA Chethan Research journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics 11 (1), 1-4 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 2
Nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenging activity of flower of Spathodea campanulata P AR Hareesh, R Harsha, MG Ahmed, BP Satish Kumar, ... Beauv. Invent Rapid Ethnopharmacol, 2010a 1, 2-4 , 0 Citations: 2
Novel Analytical Method Development, Validation and Stability Study of Anticancer Drug Erlotinib in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-UFLC JV Purvini K,Chethan IA Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 55 (02), s589-s594 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 1
Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Properties of Vitex Altissima Bark Extracts and Isolated Bioactive: In-vitro and In-vivo approach IA Chethan, J Vaijanathappa European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports, 100312 , 2025 2025.0
Medicinal and Nutraceutical Fruits from the Himalayas J Vaijanathappa, IA Chethan Native Crops in India, 60-95 , 2025 2025.0
NITRIC OXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF FLOWERS OF SPATHODEA CAMPANULATA P. BEAUV AR Hareesh, R Kowti, MGA Harsha, BPS Kumar, ST Gowda, ... Inventi Rapid: Ethnopharmacology , 2010 2010.0
Rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectroscopy Method for the Simultaneous Measurement of Niacin and Nicotinuric Acid in Human Plasma and its … IA Chethan PQDT-Global , 2010 2010.0
Pelagia Research Library NK Sathish, PV Khandelwal, IA Chethan, AK Shrestha
Pelagia Research Library YL Santhosh, V Kumar, KV Ramanth
