@unilorin.edu.ng
Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences
University of Ilorin
Optometry and Vision Science
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Caradee Y Wright, Mary Norval, Beverley Summers, Lester M Davids, Gerrie Coetzee, and Matthew Oriowo
South African Medical Association NPC
In considering the likelihood of South Africa (SA) attaining the 2015 Millennium Development Goals, many health issues require urgent attention. The adverse effect of insufficient or excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may exacerbate an already stressed public health service. These concerns become important when considering climate variability and patterns of behaviour.
Caradee Y. Wright, Mary Norval, Beverley Summers, Lester Davids, Gerrie Coetzee, and Matthew O. Oriowo
Academy of Science of South Africa
Photoprotection messages and ‘SunSmart’ programmes exist mainly to prevent skin cancers and, more recently, to encourage adequate personal sun exposure to elicit a vitamin D response for healthy bone and immune systems. Several developed countries maintain intensive research networks and monitor solar UV radiation to support awareness campaigns and intervention development. The situation is different in sub-Saharan Africa. Adequate empirical evidence of the impact of solar UV radiation on human health, even for melanomas and cataracts, is lacking, and is overshadowed by other factors such as communicable diseases, especially HIV, AIDS and tuberculosis. In addition, the established photoprotection messages used in developed countries have been adopted and implemented in a limited number of sub-Saharan countries but with minimal understanding of local conditions and behaviours. In this review, we consider the current evidence for sun-related effects on human health in sub-Saharan Africa, summarise published research and identify key issues. Data on the prevalence of human diseases affected by solar UV radiation in all subpopulations are not generally available, financial support is insufficient and the infrastructure to address these and other related topics is inadequate. Despite these limitations, considerable progress may be made regarding the management of solar UV radiation related health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa, provided researchers collaborate and resources are allocated appropriately.
O. Matthew Oriowo
Elsevier BV
Mathew Olanrewaju Oriowo
Elsevier BV
Hyun-Yi Youn, Kelley L. Moran, Olanrewaju M. Oriowo, Niels C. Bols, and Jacob G. Sivak
Elsevier BV
Vladimir Bantseev, Olanrewaju M. Oriowo, Frank J. Giblin, Victor R. Leverenz, John R. Trevithick, and Jacob G. Sivak
Elsevier BV
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo
Wiley
Purpose: The use of the alamarBlue fluorescence dye for cellular study of UV‐induced photodamage in cultured ocular lenses was examined by comparing the results from the fluorometric assay to lens optical quality using a scanning laser system to measure the focal lengths of the lenses following UVB treatment.
O. M. Oriowo, A. P. Cullen, and J. G. Sivak
Wiley
M.J. Doughty, O.M. Oriowo, and A.P. Cullen
Elsevier BV
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo, Anthony P. Cullen, Kristin Schirmer, B. Ralph Chou, Niels C. Bols, and Jacob G. Sivak
SAGE Publications
Cell biology, as monitored with the fluorescent indicator dyes Alamar Blue™ and 5-carboxy-fluorescein diacetate acetoxymethyl ester (CFDA-AM), and lens optical quality, as measured with an in vitro scanning laser system, have been used to evaluate in vitro the condition of porcine lenses after being placed in a culture medium. The measurements, beginning from week one of culture, were compared statistically. Optical quality and cellular viability, as measured with either dye, were unchanged in lenses that had been maintained for 6 weeks in modified M199 medium. Some lenses were treated with 0.152J/cm2 UVB radiation, and a decline was observed after 48 hours in both optical and metabolic capabilities, as indicated by a decreased capacity of the lenses to reduce Alamar Blue. The measurements with CFDA-AM did not show complete concordance with the other indicators of lens health after UV treatment, making this dye less reliable as applied currently to lens cultures. Overall, the findings suggest that porcine lenses can be maintained for weeks in culture, and that their condition can be evaluated quantitatively by assays that probe cellular functions and optical properties. Such a system should prove valuable for in vitro ocular pharmacotoxicological research.
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo and Anthony P. Cullen
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo, B. Ralph Chou, and Anthony P. Cullen
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
O. M. Oriowo, B. Chou and A. P. Cullen
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo, B. Ralph Chou, Anthony P. Cullen, and Barbara E. Robinson
Wiley
Anthony P Cullen, Olanrewaju M Oriowo, and Anita C Voisin
Informa UK Limited
Concern about short‐ and long‐term ultraviolet radiation (particularly UVB) damage to the eye has led to increased research in this area. Numerous studies have confirmed the pathogenic enhancing roles of reflected ultraviolet (UV) and visible radiation in our environment. There is concern that conventional sunglasses do not protect the eye adequately from reflected rays (albedo), especially on the lateral aspect, from behind and from below. Using eye models and computer ray tracing methods, the pathways of oblique rays incident at the temporal peripheral cornea have been plotted by Maloof, Ho and Coroneo.1 These rays are refracted and focused and theoretically can result in up to 20 times the concentration of incident irradiance at the nasal anterior chamber angle and nasal equatorial cortex of the crystalline lens. The purpose of this study was to determine the limits of angular subtense of the incident peripheral light which is refracted in this manner in human subjects and to investigate the relation between corneal shape and certain ocular parameters to the limits. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between temporal entrance angle and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.70, P< 0.0006). The entrance angle ranged from 15 degrees to 30 degrees and was located 10 degrees to 45 degrees posterior to the coronal plane. Our results support Maloof and colleagues' predictions for the implication of focused peripheral UV and high intensity visible radiation in the pathogenesis of pterygium and cortical cataract and emphasise the need for lateral eye protection in conditions of high ultraviolet albedo.
Olanrewaju M. Oriowo and Stella T. Briggs
Elsevier BV