Padam Prasad Paudel

Agricultural Engineer | Environmental Advocate | Instructor at Agriculture and Forestry University

Researching sustainability, agricultural mechanization, and renewable energy. Focused on waste management, conservation agriculture, and the green economy.

Research Interests:

Sustainability & Environment: Waste Management, Green Economy
Agricultural Mechanization & Conservation Agriculture
Renewable Energy: Bioenergy, Solar Energy
Motto: Respect these 3 things (EAE): Environment, Agriculture, and Energy.

EDUCATION

Master of Science in Biosystems Engineering from Kangwon National University, South Korea
Bachelor of Engineering in Agricultural Engineering from Tribhuvan University, Nepal

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Engineering, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Physics and Astronomy

Scopus Publications

Comparative emission and energy performance of biochar production versus in-situ burning of Gorean agrobyproducts
Sunyong Park, Kwang Cheol Oh, Seok Jun Kim, Padam Prasad Paudel, Seon Yeop Kim, et al.
Plos One, 2026
Uncontrolled open-field burning of agricultural residues remains a pervasive source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases in Korea, particularly for high-burning-ratio crops such as perilla, pepper, pear, grape, and apple residues. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the environmental and energy implications of replacing open-field burning with biochar production from these major residue streams. First, mass- and energy-normalized emission factors for CO, CH₄, CO₂, NOₓ, N₂O, and particulate matter were quantified for both in-situ combustion and biochar combustion scenarios. Although biochar exhibited higher mass-based emission factors due to carbon and nitrogen enrichment during pyrolysis, the substantially lower mass required to deliver equivalent energy output resulted in markedly reduced annual emissions. System-level calculations showed that shifting from open-field burning to biochar conversion decreased CO, CH₄, and CO₂ emissions by 40.6–46.5%, NOₓ and N₂O emissions by 29.9–92.7%, and particulate emissions by 14.7–86.6%. Energy analysis demonstrated that biochar production is energetically favorable, with energy inputs of 2.65–3.50 MJ/kg and energy return on investment (EROI) values ranging from 8.57 to 10.06, exceeding the conventional viability threshold of 3.0. Apple pruning residues showed the highest biochar and net energy potentials, corresponding to 36.45 GWh/yr of electricity generation when co-fired in existing thermal power plants. Finally, greenhouse gas impacts were evaluated using 100-year global warming potential metrics. The biochar pathway reduced annual climate impacts by approximately 192,967 tCO₂eq/yr relative to baseline burning, translating to an estimated carbon-credit benefit of 4.44 billion KRW under 2020 market conditions. Overall, the findings indicate that biochar conversion provides a viable and impactful strategy for mitigating emissions and enhancing renewable energy recovery from agricultural residues in Korea.
Artificial neural network modeling for prediction and optimization of biochar yield and properties
Padam Prasad Paudel, Sunyong Park, Kwang Cheol Oh, Dae Hyun Kim
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2026
Comprehensive study on microwave pyrolysis process variables and operating modes for optimized biochar production
Padam Prasad Paudel, Sunyong Park, Seok Jun Kim, Seon Yeop Kim, Kyeong Sik Kang, et al.
Bioresource Technology, 2025
Fuel Properties of Torrefied Pellets from Maize Residues and Cocopeat Byproducts
Sunyong Park, Seon Yeop Kim, Kwang Cheol Oh, Seok Jun Kim, Padam Prasad Paudel, et al.
Biomass Switzerland, 2025
Agricultural residues such as maize byproducts and discarded cocopeat substrates are abundant but underutilised biomass resources. Improving their fuel quality requires densification, such as pelletisation, combined with thermochemical upgrading. In this study, pellets were prepared by blending cocopeat and maize residues at weight ratios of 9:1, 7:3, and 5:5, followed by torrefaction at 220, 250, and 280 °C. Their fuel characteristics were evaluated through mass yield, elemental and proximate analyses, chemical composition, calorific value, combustion indices, and grindability. Results showed that increasing maize residue content reduced ash and fuel ratio but increased volatile matter, while cocopeat-rich pellets provided higher fixed carbon and lignin contents, improving thermal stability. Torrefaction significantly enhanced calorific value (up to 21.83 MJ/kg) and grindability, while increasing aromaticity. However, higher torrefaction severity decreased the combustibility index but improved volatile ignitability, indicating a trade-off between ignition behaviour and stable combustion. An optimal balance was observed at 250 °C, where energy yield and combustion performance were maximised. This study demonstrates the feasibility of valorising discarded cocopeat substrates, blended with maize residues, into renewable solid fuels, and provides practical guidance for optimising blending ratios and torrefaction conditions in waste-to-energy applications.
Multi-response optimization using novel metrics for accurate biochar quantification in microwave pyrolysis of agroforestry byproducts
Energy Conversion and Management, 2025
Energy recovery from Ginkgo biloba urban pruning wastes: pyrolysis optimization and fuel property enhancement for high-grade charcoal productions
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2025
Investigation of using eggshell and calcium carbonate to improve biomass pellet energy efficiency
Sunyong Park, Kwang Cheol Oh, Do Su Park, Seok Jun Kim, Padam Prasad Paudel, et al.
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2025
Development and validation of mass reduction prediction model during torrefaction using biomass chemical composition analysis
Sunyong Park, Kyeong Sik Kang, Kwang Cheol Oh, Seok Jun Kim, Paudel Padam Prasad, et al.
Plos One, 2025
Thermochemical processes employ heat to transform biomass into energy. In these processes, heat supply and biomass type can affect the products, therefore understanding them is critical. Confirming these changes directly requires time and resources. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these changes. So, the purpose of this work was to investigate mass loss during thermochemical reactions utilising available kinetic parameters. This study comprised previously pyrolysed herbal agricultural biomass (soybean pod, corncob), woody agricultural biomass (pepper stem, grape pruning branch), and forestry biomass (wood pellet, bamboo). Temperature fluctuations were studied using a 1D temperature prediction model and evaluated using kinetic parameters. The findings anticipated using prior research’ kinetic parameters differed by up to 20% from the experimental results. As a result, some of the kinetic parameters were adjusted. The prediction model with the changed parameters outperformed the prior results, with an RMSE of 2.0607 for wood pellets and 5.9754 for soybean pods. The results obtained using grape pruning branches, bamboo, and corncobs confirmed the mass reduction predicted by prior studies. This study revealed the capacity to estimate mass loss without using thermogravimetric measurements, and future predictions should include a broader spectrum of biomass materials.
Technical feasibility and economic analysis of solar photovoltaic water pumping system for sustainable irrigation in Nepal: a case study
Padam Prasad Paudel, Subash Adhikari
International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2025
Confirmation of the feasibility of using agrobyproduct biochar in thermal power plants through oxygen pyrolysis and conventional pyrolysis
Sunyong Park, Seok Jun Kim, Kwang Cheol Oh, Padam Prasad Paudel, Seon Yeop Kim, et al.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2024
Advancements in sustainable thermochemical conversion of agricultural crop residues: A systematic review of technical progress, applications, perspectives, and challenges
Padam Prasad Paudel, Sagar Kafle, Sunyong Park, Seok Jun Kim, Lahoon Cho, et al.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2024
Comparative Assessment of Energy, Economics, and Emission (3E) of Rice Production in Plain and Hilly Areas in Nepal
Shubhechchha Bashyal, Babita Paudyal, Dakshina Pandey, Padam Prasad Paudel, Anjan Bhatta, et al.
Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2024
How Profitable and Energy-Efficient Is Nepal’s Crop Production? A Case Study of Spring Rice Production in Jhapa District
Padam Prasad Paudel, Dharma Raj Pokhrel, Sajan Koirala, Lalan Baitha, Dae Hyun Kim, et al.
Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2021

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Comparative emission and energy performance of biochar production versus in-situ burning of Gorean agrobyproducts
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, KS Kang, S Ryu, DH Kim
Plos One 21 (4), e0346041 , 2026
2026
Technical feasibility and economic analysis of solar photovoltaic water pumping system for sustainable irrigation in Nepal: a case study
PP Paudel, S Adhikari
International Journal of Sustainable Engineering 18 (1), 2590115 , 2025
2025
Citations: 2
Multi-response optimization using novel metrics for accurate biochar quantification in microwave pyrolysis of agroforestry byproducts
PP Paudel, SJ Kim, S Park, KC Oh, SY Kim, KS Kang, KJ Kim, DH Kim
Energy Conversion and Management 344, 120292 , 2025
2025
Citations: 2
Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Prediction and Optimization of Biochar Yield and Properties
PP Paudel, S Park, KC Oh, DH Kim
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 193 (3), 107421 , 2025
2025
Citations: 3
Fuel Properties of Torrefied Pellets from Maize Residues and Cocopeat Byproducts
S Park, SY Kim, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, DS Park, KS Kang, SH Ryu, ...
Biomass 5 (4), 59 , 2025
2025
Citations: 1
Comprehensive study on microwave pyrolysis process variables and operating modes for optimized biochar production
PP Paudel, S Park, SJ Kim, SY Kim, KS Kang, KJ Kim, DH Kim
Bioresource Technology 437, 133120 , 2025
2025
Citations: 10
Energy recovery from Ginkgo biloba urban pruning wastes: pyrolysis optimization and fuel property enhancement for high grade charcoal productions
PP Paudel, S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, SY Kim, KS Kang, DH Kim
Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 19 (5), 70017 , 2025
2025
Citations: 8
Investigation of using eggshell and calcium carbonate to improve biomass pellet energy efficiency
S Park, KC Oh, DS Park, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, KJ Kim, KS Kang, ...
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 27 (4), 2710-2722 , 2025
2025
Citations: 6
Development and validation of mass reduction prediction model during torrefaction using biomass chemical composition analysis
S Park, KS Kang, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, ...
PLoS One 20 (5), e0323940 , 2025
2025
Citations: 6
Optimization of Microwave Pyrolysis for Biochar Production From Agroforestry Byproducts: Exploring Parameters and Operational Modes
PP Paudel
Kangwon National University , 2025
2025
Confirmation of the Feasibility of Using Agrobyproduct Biochar in Thermal Power Plants through Oxygen Pyrolysis and Conventional Pyrolysis
S Park, SJ Kim, KC Oh, PP Paudel, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2024 (5), 106791-106805 , 2024
2024
Citations: 10
Comparative Assessment of Energy, Economics, and Emission (3E) of Rice Production in Plain and Hilly Areas in Nepal
S Bashyal, B Paudyal, D Pandey, PP Paudel, A Bhatta, DH Kim, S Kafle
Journal of Biosystems Engineering 49 (1), 313-325 , 2024
2024
Citations: 3
Analysis of Research into Biomass Conversion Technologies
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Prasad, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Agricultural Life and Environment Research 36 (3), 165-192 , 2024
2024
Citations: 6
Advancements in sustainable thermochemical conversion of agricultural crop residues: A systematic review of technical progress, applications, perspectives, and challenges
PP Paudel, SK Kafle, S Park, L Kim, Seok Jun, Cho, DH Kim
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 202, 114723-114752 , 2024
2024
Citations: 71
Development and Validation of Mass Reduction Prediction Model Using Biomass Chemical Composition Analysis
S Park, SJ Kim, KC Oh, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, LH Cho, PP Prasad, ...
한국신· 재생에너지학회 학술대회 초록집, 269-269 , 2024
2024
Journal of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Prasad, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Agricultural 36 (3), 165-192 , 2024
2024
Analysis of Research into Biomass Conversion Technologies
PP Paudel
2024
Potato Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora Infestans; an Overview on Pathology, Integrated Disease Management Approaches, and Forecasting Models
S Lamichhane, S Neupane, S Timsina, B Chapagain, PP Paudel, A Rimal
Plant Physiology and Soil Chemistry 4 (2), 105-118 , 2024
2024
Citations: 5
How profitable and energy-efficient Is Nepal’s crop production? A case study of spring rice production in Jhapa District
PP Paudel, DR Pokhrel, S Koirala, L Baitha, DH Kim, S Kafle
Journal of Biosystems Engineering 46 (1), 26-35 , 2021
2021
Citations: 8
Pumpset efficiently operation, repair, and maintenance manual for service providers
PP Paudel, S Adhikari
2021

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Advancements in sustainable thermochemical conversion of agricultural crop residues: A systematic review of technical progress, applications, perspectives, and challenges
PP Paudel, SK Kafle, S Park, L Kim, Seok Jun, Cho, DH Kim
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 202, 114723-114752 , 2024
2024
Citations: 71
Comprehensive study on microwave pyrolysis process variables and operating modes for optimized biochar production
PP Paudel, S Park, SJ Kim, SY Kim, KS Kang, KJ Kim, DH Kim
Bioresource Technology 437, 133120 , 2025
2025
Citations: 10
Confirmation of the Feasibility of Using Agrobyproduct Biochar in Thermal Power Plants through Oxygen Pyrolysis and Conventional Pyrolysis
S Park, SJ Kim, KC Oh, PP Paudel, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2024 (5), 106791-106805 , 2024
2024
Citations: 10
Energy recovery from Ginkgo biloba urban pruning wastes: pyrolysis optimization and fuel property enhancement for high grade charcoal productions
PP Paudel, S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, SY Kim, KS Kang, DH Kim
Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 19 (5), 70017 , 2025
2025
Citations: 8
How profitable and energy-efficient Is Nepal’s crop production? A case study of spring rice production in Jhapa District
PP Paudel, DR Pokhrel, S Koirala, L Baitha, DH Kim, S Kafle
Journal of Biosystems Engineering 46 (1), 26-35 , 2021
2021
Citations: 8
Investigation of using eggshell and calcium carbonate to improve biomass pellet energy efficiency
S Park, KC Oh, DS Park, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, KJ Kim, KS Kang, ...
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 27 (4), 2710-2722 , 2025
2025
Citations: 6
Development and validation of mass reduction prediction model during torrefaction using biomass chemical composition analysis
S Park, KS Kang, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, ...
PLoS One 20 (5), e0323940 , 2025
2025
Citations: 6
Analysis of Research into Biomass Conversion Technologies
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Prasad, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Agricultural Life and Environment Research 36 (3), 165-192 , 2024
2024
Citations: 6
Potato Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora Infestans; an Overview on Pathology, Integrated Disease Management Approaches, and Forecasting Models
S Lamichhane, S Neupane, S Timsina, B Chapagain, PP Paudel, A Rimal
Plant Physiology and Soil Chemistry 4 (2), 105-118 , 2024
2024
Citations: 5
Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Prediction and Optimization of Biochar Yield and Properties
PP Paudel, S Park, KC Oh, DH Kim
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 193 (3), 107421 , 2025
2025
Citations: 3
Comparative Assessment of Energy, Economics, and Emission (3E) of Rice Production in Plain and Hilly Areas in Nepal
S Bashyal, B Paudyal, D Pandey, PP Paudel, A Bhatta, DH Kim, S Kafle
Journal of Biosystems Engineering 49 (1), 313-325 , 2024
2024
Citations: 3
Technical feasibility and economic analysis of solar photovoltaic water pumping system for sustainable irrigation in Nepal: a case study
PP Paudel, S Adhikari
International Journal of Sustainable Engineering 18 (1), 2590115 , 2025
2025
Citations: 2
Multi-response optimization using novel metrics for accurate biochar quantification in microwave pyrolysis of agroforestry byproducts
PP Paudel, SJ Kim, S Park, KC Oh, SY Kim, KS Kang, KJ Kim, DH Kim
Energy Conversion and Management 344, 120292 , 2025
2025
Citations: 2
Fuel Properties of Torrefied Pellets from Maize Residues and Cocopeat Byproducts
S Park, SY Kim, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, DS Park, KS Kang, SH Ryu, ...
Biomass 5 (4), 59 , 2025
2025
Citations: 1
Comparative emission and energy performance of biochar production versus in-situ burning of Gorean agrobyproducts
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Paudel, SY Kim, KS Kang, S Ryu, DH Kim
Plos One 21 (4), e0346041 , 2026
2026
Optimization of Microwave Pyrolysis for Biochar Production From Agroforestry Byproducts: Exploring Parameters and Operational Modes
PP Paudel
Kangwon National University , 2025
2025
Development and Validation of Mass Reduction Prediction Model Using Biomass Chemical Composition Analysis
S Park, SJ Kim, KC Oh, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, LH Cho, PP Prasad, ...
한국신· 재생에너지학회 학술대회 초록집, 269-269 , 2024
2024
Journal of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences
S Park, KC Oh, SJ Kim, PP Prasad, SY Kim, HE Kim, JY Shin, DH Kim
Journal of Agricultural 36 (3), 165-192 , 2024
2024
Analysis of Research into Biomass Conversion Technologies
PP Paudel
2024
Pumpset efficiently operation, repair, and maintenance manual for service providers
PP Paudel, S Adhikari
2021