Samuel Alexandre
@ipcb.pt
Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, SHERU (Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit), Portugal
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Education
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
QinQin Yu, Joao A. Ascensao, Takashi Okada, Olivia Boyd, Erik Volz, Oskar Hallatschek, and
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Genetic drift in infectious disease transmission results from randomness of transmission and host recovery or death. The strength of genetic drift for SARS-CoV-2 transmission is expected to be high due to high levels of superspreading, and this is expected to substantially impact disease epidemiology and evolution. However, we don’t yet have an understanding of how genetic drift changes over time or across locations. Furthermore, noise that results from data collection can potentially confound estimates of genetic drift. To address this challenge, we develop and validate a method to jointly infer genetic drift and measurement noise from time-series lineage frequency data. Our method is highly scalable to increasingly large genomic datasets, which overcomes a limitation in commonly used phylogenetic methods. We apply this method to over 490,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences from England collected between March 2020 and December 2021 by the COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium and separately infer the strength of genetic drift for pre-B.1.177, B.1.177, Alpha, and Delta. We find that even after correcting for measurement noise, the strength of genetic drift is consistently, throughout time, higher than that expected from the observed number of COVID-19 positive individuals in England by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, which cannot be explained by literature values of superspreading. Our estimates of genetic drift suggest low and time-varying establishment probabilities for new mutations, inform the parametrization of SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary models, and motivate future studies of the potential mechanisms for increased stochasticity in this system.
Ana Domingues, Jorge Santos, Marco Batista, João Serrano, Samuel Honório, and João Petrica
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Introduction Subjective well-being has numerous indicators of global well-being, however, the most important are life satisfaction and attachments, which can be both positive and negative. The leadership of the coach is an integral part of the process that cares for the relationship of the athlete and coach, where the coach has a fundamental role on the athlete, and consequently on his subjective well-being. Objective The study has the purpose to analyse if and in what way the Basic Psychological Needs—relationship, autonomy and social relationship (mediator 1, M1) and the autonomous motivation (mediator 2, M2) mediate the relationship of the variables of democratic style (independent variable, X) with subjective well-being–life satisfaction and positive attachment (dependent variable, Y). Methods In this cross-sectional study, participated 94 athletes with Intellectual and Developmental Difficulty (IDD), aged between 11 and 63 years (ẋ = 32.6 ± SD = 13.8 years) of both genders. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple serial mediation models, using the macro PROCESS for SPSS, version 3 (model 6), using the bootstrap method with 10000 samples. Results and Conclusions There is a mediation effect between those of basic psychological needs and autonomous motivation, exercised between the democratic leadership profile of the coach and the subjective welfare of the athlete. On the other hand, autocratic style has a significant direct effect on the increase in basic psychological needs and controlled motivation. However, the democratic style is more consistent in this type of analysis. Our results reinforce the importance of promoting a democratic leadership style on the part of the coach in their athletes, enhancing a direct effect on life satisfaction and positive attachment in athletes adapted with IDD members of the Special Olympics.
Catarina Marques, Miguel Rebelo, Rute Crisóstomo, Samuel Honório, Pedro Duarte-Mendes, João Petrica, and João Serrano
Frontiers Media SA
IntroductionThis study aimed to verify the typology and incidence of injury by comparing the different competitive levels of futsal during the preseason.MethodsThe sample consisted of 68 senior male futsal players (24.26 ± 4.63 years). Data were collected using an injury recording grid that examined the affected body part, anatomical region, type of injury, mechanism, and severity.ResultsIt was found that the elite group has the lowest incidence rate of injury (4.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) compared to the sub-elite (11.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) and amateur groups (13.9 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure). However, at this level, there is the highest percentage of injury occurrence (38.5%), the lower limb was the most affected part of the body (30.8%), and ligament (23.1%) and muscle (15.4%) injuries are the most prevalent. The most frequent mechanism of injury was non-traumatic (30.8%), and the majority were moderate injuries in the elite (23.1%) and sub-elite (17.9%) groups and severe injuries in the amateur group (12.5%).DiscussionThe amateur futsal players had the highest incidence of injury during the preseason period compared to the other competitive levels. Still, it was at the elite level where the highest percentage of injuries occurred, most of them non-traumatic and of ligament origin, primarily affecting the ankle region. The results highlight the importance of adopting specific injury prevention programs for ligament and muscle injuries during the preseason phase, regardless of the competitive level.
Miguel Rebelo, João Serrano, Rui Paulo, Pedro Duarte-Mendes, Jorge Santos, Samuel Honório, and João Petrica
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background The importance of physical activity in the first months of age is well known, however, with the evolution of the urban environment, the excessive workload of parents and the excessive time in growing up in kindergartens has limited this same free practice and little has been studied about this issue. In Portugal, there are institutions that provide oriented physical activity for their children, however, this is optional, which may create disadvantages in children’s motor skills in these ages. Objective The objective of the study isto verify if there are differences in the development of motor skills (global and fine) comparing children between 12 and 48 months who practice oriented physical activity (OPA) and children who do not. Methods Participated in this study, 400 children of both genders (28.14 ± 7.23 months). Two groups were created (the group that had oriented physical activity (30 min long and 2 times a week) and the group that didn’t have oriented physical activity). For a better understanding they were divided into 3 age groups (12–23, 24–35 and 36–48 months). Motor skills were assessed using the PDMS-2 scales, for 6 months, following the instrument’s application standards. Results In a first analysis, we found that the majority of children only start to practice oriented physical activity in institutions from 36 months of age, however, it is in the first months (from 12 to 35) that the greatest differences between the two groups can occur. The OPA group presented better results according to the mean values, in all motor skills. Differences between groups were most noticeable in Postural, locomotion and fine manipulation Skills (showing effect size: moderate and low). Conclusions We can conclude that a practice of oriented physical activity in the first 48 months is fundamental to the development of motor skills. It is in the first months (up to 36) that there are greater differences, but it is also where there are less children carrying out guided physical activity. This is an important factor, and is determinant to make institutions aware of this importance of this variable in child development.
Samuel Honório, Marco Batista, João Serrano, João Petrica, Miguel Rebelo, Fernando Vieira, André Lopes, and Jorge Santos
Frontiers Media SA
IntroductionSoccer is considered a multifaceted collective sport, and to reach an elevated level, players must have moderate to high power, good agility, joint flexibility and muscle development. Also, players must be able to generate high torques during fast movements, which implies the development of different capacities, understood as multifactorial preparation. The objective was to analyse the effects of training (aerobic and continuous) on the leg power, fatigue levels, speed, agility, body fat, muscle mass and bone mass of these players.MethodsSeventy-two soccer players, male and under 17, from 4 teams participated. The teams performed 3 times a week training sessions of about 60–90 min each. Informed consent requests were given to their parents for authorisation to participate in this investigation. Data was collected in two different time points, about ten months apart. Specific tests were performed for each variable: the vertical jump with Bosco System for leg power, the T-Test for agility, the linear sprint test for speed and the RAST test for fatigue levels. A precision Tanita scale was used for the anthropometric tests such as body fat, muscle mass and bone mass. Statistical procedures were applied through the Wilcoxon test to compare the two time points of evaluation.ResultsImprovements were found between evaluations regarding the level of anthropometric and physical fitness variables.ConclusionsThe implemented training improved all the analysed variables with significant statistical values for leg power, speed, bone mass, muscle mass and fat mass.
Samuel Honório, Marco Batista, Jorge Santos, and Matteo Vandoni
Frontiers Media SA
COPYRIGHT © 2023 Honório, Batista, Santos and Vandoni. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Physical exercise related to student’s academic performance
Samuel Honório
Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica (FEADEF)
Attention is also considered an influential mediating variable because it influences the teaching-learning process, as well as the teacher's behavior, the student's behavior, and the learning results. According to this factor, focused attention arises as a fundamental condition of the learning process since the greater the ability to maintain focus on a particular object or task, the better the chance of success. Objective: To know the aspects the students pay attention to during the different moments of the Physical Education class. Methods: The sample consisted of 156 students from the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades of high school, of both genders (84 female and 72 mal, ). The questionnaire ATEST-EF (Petrica, 2003, 2010) was applied, in which the students signalized their thoughts at certain moments of the Physical Education classes. Results: The results indicate that there are no significant differences because after the application of the "Qui-Square" test to associate the variable "Attention" and the variable "Signal," it verified the value of (p= .373). Discussion: From the analysis performed, it was observed that there are no significant differences concerning students' attention profile study. Only a small magnitude of size effect (d = 0.219) was observed at the level of the general attention profile. Conclusions: It was concluded that student's attention during the physical education class is mainly focused on the task and with less attention focused on things outside the class regardless of their academic performance. Keywords: Physical Education; Moments in class; Student’s thoughts; Attention; ATEST-EF
Jorge Manuel Folgado dos Santos, Ana Domingues, Marco Batista, João Serrano, Samuel Honório, Ivone Rente, and João Petrica
Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica (FEADEF)
A comunidade técnica e científica está consciente do papel da atividade física na motivação e do bem-estar que dela advém para o praticante, e que o aprofundar destes conhecimentos para atletas com Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental de Desporto Adaptado é apresentado, enquanto um trunfo para criar estratégias por parte dos seus treinadores. Neste estudo transversal participaram 94 atletas com Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental, com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e 63 anos (ẋ=32.6 ± SD=13.8 anos), de ambos os géneros. O estudo teve como finalidade, analisar se e de que forma as Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas – relação, autonomia e relação social e a Motivação Autónoma medeiam a relação das variáveis do Estilo Democrático com o Bem-estar subjetivo – satisfação com a vida e, afetos positivos. A análise estatística foi realizada através de modelos de mediação serial múltipla, usando o macro PROCESS para o SPSS, versão 3 (modelo 6), através do método bootstrap com 10000 amostras. Verifica-se a existência de um efeito de mediação entre as Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas e a Motivação Autónoma, exercidas entre o perfil de liderança Democrático do treinador e o Bem-estar subjetivo do atleta. Por outro lado, o Estilo Autocrático tem um efeito direto significativo no aumento das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas e da Motivação Controlada. Contudo, o Estilo Democrático apresenta-se mais consistente neste tipo de análise. Os nossos resultados reforçam a importância de promover um estilo de liderança democrático por parte do treinador nos seus atletas, potenciando um efeito direto sobre Satisfação com a vida e os Afetos positivos nos atletas de Desporto Adaptado com Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental Integrantes do Special Olympics. Palavras-chave: Desporto Adaptado; Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental; Liderança; Bem-Estar Subjetivo
S. Honório, M. Batista, J. Santos, J. Serrano, J. Petrica, F. Vieira, and J. Martins
Brill
Futsal is a sports game that features high intensity movements with change of speed or direction, present in several actions during the game. With this study is intended to analyse, compare and evaluate the predictive factor of leg power on shooting speed and fatigue levels in young futsal athletes in order to establish effort patterns in these ages, to prescribe training sessions adequately in terms of external/internal load. The study had 32 participants, male, aged between 12 and 17 years (Mean = 14.56±1.66). Participants were evaluated in relation to their lower limb power through the Chronojump system, the speed was measured through a radar placed on the goal line, and in relation to their fatigue levels through the Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST). To identify the differences between groups, the tests of Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney were used, and also a simple linear regression tests for predictive values between variables. In relation to the shots speed, higher values were found in the older groups (P≤0.001), which is directly and significantly related to the higher values of lower limb power, also verified in the older athletes (P≤0.001). In relation to the fatigue levels, it increases as the age of the athletes is higher, verifying that the power of the lower limbs is a predictor variable of the fatigue index (P≤0.001). The analysis conducted indicate that there are significant differences in the association between shooting speed, lower limb power and fatigue indices according to the players levels studied.
J.M.C. Martins, J.C. Landeiro, J.N. Cardoso, and S.A.A. Honório
Elsevier BV
Marco A. SILVA BATISTA, Samuel A. ALMEIDA HONÓRIO, Gareth W. JONES, João J. MATOS SERRANO, and João M. DUARTE PETRICA
Edizioni Minerva Medica
Mohammed Khudair, Anna Marcuzzi, Kwok Ng, Gavin Daniel Tempest, František Bartoš, Ratko Peric, Maximilian Maier, Flavia Beccia, Stefania Boccia, Mirko Brandes,et al.
BMJ
IntroductionPhysical activity among children and adolescents remains insufficient, despite the substantial efforts made by researchers and policymakers. Identifying and furthering our understanding of potential modifiable determinants of physical activity behaviour (PAB) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is crucial for the development of interventions that promote a shift from SB to PAB. The current protocol details the process through which a series of systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses (MAs) will be conducted to produce a best-evidence statement (BESt) and inform policymakers. The overall aim is to identify modifiable determinants that are associated with changes in PAB and SB in children and adolescents (aged 5–19 years) and to quantify their effect on, or association with, PAB/SB.Methods and analysisA search will be performed in MEDLINE, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials (CTs) that investigate the effect of interventions on PAB/SB and longitudinal studies that investigate the associations between modifiable determinants and PAB/SB at multiple time points will be sought. Risk of bias assessments will be performed using adapted versions of Cochrane’s RoB V.2.0 and ROBINS-I tools for RCTs and CTs, respectively, and an adapted version of the National Institute of Health’s tool for longitudinal studies. Data will be synthesised narratively and, where possible, MAs will be performed using frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Modifiable determinants will be discussed considering the settings in which they were investigated and the PAB/SB measurement methods used.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is needed as no primary data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences where possible. The BESt will also be shared with policy makers within the DE-PASS consortium in the first instance.Systematic review registrationCRD42021282874.
Samuel Honório, Marco Batista, Jorge Santos, João Serrano, João Petrica, João Almeida, and Miguel Camões
Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica (FEADEF)
Rink hockey like any other team sport game is necessary to have a mastery of the game object "the ball" and for this it is necessary that athletes do not have a deficient training steps in that process, because it is during their development, that the athlete is in an optimal situation to improve on this aspect of the game. The study objective was to identify which game model allows young athletes to have a greater number of interactions with the ball in rink hockey in the levels of “Under 8” and “Under 10”. Our study sample consisted of 24 games: 8 games in the 3x3 model; 8 games in the 4x4 model and 8 games in the 5x5 model. The 24 matches are equally divided by the levels of Under 8 and Under 10 with a total of 88 children participating. For data collection instrument we used the deferred observation method where we proceeded to a descriptive analysis of the data to find the means, standard deviation and totals of: Shots, Passes, Interceptions and Goals. The Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparisons and for correlations, the Spearman's Test was used to verify whether as the playing area available to the player increased, the player's actions increased as well. The 3x3 model obtained a total of 911 actions, the 4x4 model obtained 923 and the 5x5 game model obtained 799 game actions. The 4x4 game model obtained the highest total number of game actions in all levels analysed suggesting that the implementation of this model brings benefits to the athletes.
 Resumen. El hockey sobre patines como cualquier otro deporte de equipo es necesario para tener un dominio del objeto de juego "la pelota" y para ello es necesario que los deportistas no tengan unos pasos de entrenamiento deficientes en ese aspecto, pues es durante su desarrollo, que el atleta se encuentra en una situación óptima para mejorar en este aspecto del juego. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar qué modelo de juego permite a los jóvenes deportistas tener un mayor número de interacciones con el balón, en los niveles de “Menos de 8” y “Menos de 10”. Nuestra muestra de estudio consistió en 24 juegos: 8 juegos en el modelo 3x3; 8 juegos en el modelo 4x4 y 8 juegos en el modelo 5x5. Los 24 partidos se dividen a partes iguales por los niveles de menores de 8 y menores de 10 con un total de 88 niños participando. Para el instrumento de recolección de datos se utilizó el método de observación diferida donde se procedió a un análisis descriptivo de los datos para encontrar las medias, desviación típico y totales de: Disparos, Pases, Intercepciones y goles. Las pruebas de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis se utilizaron para comparaciones y correlaciones, la Prueba de Spearman se utilizó para verificar si a medida que aumentaba el área de juego disponible para el jugador, las acciones del jugador también aumentaban. El modelo 3x3 obtuvo un total de 911 acciones, el modelo 4x4 obtuvo 923 y el modelo de juego 5x5 obtuvo 799 acciones de juego. El modelo de juego 4x4 obtuvo el mayor número total de acciones de juego en todos los niveles analizados sugiriendo que la implementación de este modelo trae beneficios a los atletas.
Samuel Honório, Marco Batista, and Maria-Raquel G. Silva
SAGE Publications
The expression lifestyle describes a frame of expressed behaviors, usually in the form of patterns of consumption, that defines how an individual or social group fits into society. It presents as a focus of interest by researchers in this field, who classically favor the study of alcohol consumption, tobacco, eating habits, and physical activity. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between physical activity and healthy lifestyles, especially in terms of eating habits, tobacco, alcohol consumption, resting habits, and resting heart rate (RHR) in Health Sciences first-year students. A total of 177 students of both genders participated, of whom 31 (17.5%) were male and 146 (82.5%) were female, with a mean age of 20.20 years, from 18 to 30 years. The data collection instrument used was the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS), using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive statistics and the Cronbach α to evaluate the internal consistency of the questionnaires. A level of significance was adopted with a margin of error of 5% for a probability of at least 95% using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov technique and Mann-Whitney test for comparisons between practitioners’ students and genders. The results obtained demonstrate more favorable results in all variables in students practicing physical activity with significant differences in eating habits and RHR. In terms of gender, there were significant differences in all variables except for eating habits. We conclude that students practicing physical activity present more favorable results in terms of lifestyles combined with lower RHR values, considered as positive factors in terms of quality of life.
Luis Vaz, Wilbur Kraak, Marco Batista, Samuel Honório, and Hélder Miguel Fernandes
MDPI AG
The purpose of this study was to compare measures of anthropometry characteristics and physical fitness performance between rugby union players (17.9 ± 0.5 years old) recruited (n = 39) and non-recruited (n = 145) to the Portuguese under-19 (U19) national team, controlling for their playing position (forwards or backs). Standardized anthropometric, physical, and performance assessment tests included players’ body mass and height, push up and pull-up test, squat test, sit-and-reach test, 20 m shuttle run test, flexed arm hang test, Sargent test, handgrip strength test, Illinois agility test, and 20-m and 50-m sprint test. Results showed that recruited forwards players had better agility scores (p = 0.02, ES = −0.55) than the non-recruited forwards, whereas recruited backs players had higher right (p < 0.01, ES = 0.84) and left (p = 0.01, ES = 0.74) handgrip strength scores than their counterparts. Logistic regression showed that better agility (for the forwards) and right handgrip strength scores (for the backs) were the only variables significantly associated with an increased likelihood of being recruited to the national team. In sum, these findings suggest that certain well-developed physical qualities, namely, agility for the forwards players and upper-body strength for the back players, partially explain the selection of U19 rugby players to their national team.
Marco Batista, Jorge Santos, Samuel Honório, Helena Mesquita, João Serrano, and João Petrica
Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia
La práctica deportiva por deportistas veteranos es una realidad evidente y con perspectivas de expansión. El objetivo fue determinar variables predictivas de bienestar subjetivo en deportistas veteranos, teniendo en cuenta la teoría de la autodeterminación. Se elaboró un modelo de ecuación estructural y un modelo de mediación. Participaron 840 deportistas veteranos portugueses, de entre 30 y 76 años (M = 42.54 DT = 7.28). Se utilizó la Escala de Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas en el Ejercicio (Moutão, Cid, Alves, Leitão y Vlachopoulos, 2012), el Cuestionario de Regulación Conductual en el Deporte (Monteiro, Moutão y Cid, 2018), la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos (Galinha y Pais -Ribeiro, 2005) y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (Neto, 1993). El modelo mostró los siguientes índices de ajuste: χ2 = 674,554, p <.001, χ2 / fd = 4.08, CFI = .94; IFI = .94; TLI = .92; GFI = 0,92; RMSEA = .062; SRMR = .061. En los deportistas veteranos, la percepción de satisfacción de la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía conduce a conductas de motivación autónoma, promoviendo estas, mayores niveles de bienestar subjetivo. La motivación autónoma resultó ser una variable mediadora significativa entre la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía y la producción de afectos positivos. También hubo efectos indirectos de la variable mediadora sobre las variables de satisfacción con la vida y afectos negativos, así como efectos directos y totales de la variable independiente y las variables de consecuencia bajo análisis. The practice of sports by veteran athletes is an evident reality and with prospects for expansion. The objective was to determine predictive variables of subjective well-being in veteran athletes, taking into account the theory of self-determination. A structural equation model and a mediation model were developed. In this study participated 840 Portuguese veteran athletes, between the ages of 30 and 76 (M = 42.54 DT = 7.28). The Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (Moutão, Cid, Alves, Leitão e Vlachopoulos, 2012), the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (Monteiro, Moutão e Cid, 2018), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Galinha e Pais-Ribeiro, 2005) and the Life Satisfaction Scale (Neto, 1993) were used. The model showed the following adjustment indices: χ2 = 674,554, p <.001, χ2 / fd = 4.08, CFI = .94; IFI = .94; TLI = .92; GFI = .92; RMSEA = .062; SRMR = .061. In the veteran athletes, the perception of satisfaction of the basic psychological need for autonomy leads to autonomously motivated behaviors, promoting these, higher levels of subjective well-being. Autonomous motivation proved to be a significant mediating variable between the basic psychological need for autonomy and the production of positive affects. There were also indirect effects of the mediating variable on the variables of satisfaction with life and negative affects, as well as direct and total effects of the independent variable and the consequence variables under analysis. A prática desportiva por atletas veteranos é uma realidade evidente e com perspetivas de expansão. Objetivou-se determinar variáveis preditivas de bem-estar subjetivo em atletas veteranos, atendendo à teoria da autodeterminação. Elaborou-se um modelo de equação estrutural e um modelo de mediação. Participaram 840 atletas veteranos portugueses, entre os 30 e os 76 anos (M=42.54 DT=7.28). Utilizou-se o Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (Moutão, Cid, Alves, Leitão e Vlachopoulos, 2012), o Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (Monteiro, Moutão e Cid, 2018), a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos (Galinha e Pais-Ribeiro, 2005) e a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (Neto, 1993). O modelo mostrou os seguintes índices de ajuste: χ2 = 674.554, p < .001, χ2/fd = 4.08, CFI = .94; IFI = .94; TLI = .92; GFI = .92; RMSEA = .062; SRMR = .061. Nos aletas veteranos, a perceção de satisfação da necessidade psicológica básica de autonomia leva a comportamentos motivados autonomamente, promovendo estes, níveis mais elevados de bem-estar subjetivo. A motivação autónoma revelou-se uma variável mediadora significativa entre a necessidade psicológica básica de autonomia e a produção de afetos positivos. Registaram-se ainda efeitos indiretos da variável mediadora sobre as variáveis de satisfação com a vida e afetos negativos, assim como, efeitos diretos e totais da variável independente e as variáveis de consequência em análise.
Jorge Santos, João Petrica, João Serrano, Marco Batista, and Samuel Honório
Universidad de Alicante
Marco Alexandre Silva Batista, Jorge Santos, Samuel Honório, João Rocha, João Serrano, and Petrica João
Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica (FEADEF)
Abstract. The practice of sports by veteran athletes is a reality with an expansion perspective. The objective was to determine predictive variables of healthy lifestyles and satisfaction with life in veteran athletes, according to the Self-determination Theory (SDT). A structural equation model and a mediation model has developed. The number of participants were 680 Portuguese veteran athletes, aged between 30 and 90 years old (M=43.78 DT=8.61). The Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale, the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire, the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire and the Life Satisfaction Scale were used. This model has shown the following adjustments indices: χ2 = 729.116, p < .001, χ2/df = 4.41, CFI = .92; IFI = .92; TLI = .91; GFI = .91; RMSEA = .068; SRMR = .064. As a conclusion, in veteran athletes, the perception of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, leads to autonomously motivated behaviours, promoting better eating and resting habits, as well as high satisfaction with life, and a lower consumption of tobacco. Autonomous motivation has not proved to be a significant mediating variable between the basic psychological need for autonomy, lifestyles and satisfaction with life.
 Resumen. La práctica de deportes por deportistas veteranos es una realidad evidente y con perspectivas de expansión. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las variables predictivas para estilos de vida saludables y satisfacción con la vida en deportistas veteranos, desde la Teoría de la Autodeterminación. Se desarolló un modelo de ecuación estructural y un modelo de mediación. Participaron 680 deportistas veteranos portugueses, entre los 30 y 90 años (M=43.78 DT=8.61). Se utilizó la Escala de Necesidades Psicologicas Básicas, el Cuestionario de Regulación Comportamental en el Deporte, el Cuestionário de Estilos de Vida Saludables y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida. El modelo demostró los siguientes índices: χ2 = 729.116, p < .001, χ2/df = 4.41, CFI = .92; IFI = .92; TLI = .91; GFI = .91; RMSEA = .068; SRMR = .064. Como conclusiones, em los deportistas veteranos, la percepción de satisfacción de la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía conduce a comportamientos motivados de manera autónoma, promoviendo estos, mejores hábitos de alimentación y descanso, alta satisfacción con la vida y menos consumo de tabaco. La motivación autónoma no demostró ser una variable mediadora significativa entre la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía y estilos de vida y satisfacción con la vida.
Marco BATISTA, Samuel HONÓRIO, Marta LEYTON-ROMAN, and Ruth JIMENEZ-CASTUERA
Edizioni Minerva Medica
Marco Batista, Marta Leyton-Román, Samuel Honório, Jorge Santos, and Ruth Jiménez-Castuera
MDPI AG
The main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sport.