ANIRUDHA CHATTOPADHYAY
@sdau.edu.in
Assistant Professor, Plant Pathology
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Plant Science, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Amitava Dutta, Rashi Tyagi, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Debtoru Chatterjee, Ankita Sarkar, Brejesh Lall, and Shilpi Sharma
Elsevier BV
B. Megala Devi, Samyuktha Guruprasath, Pooraniammal Balu, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Siva Sudha Thilagar, Kanaga Vijayan Dhanabalan, Manoj Choudhary, Swarnalatha Moparthi, and A. Abdul Kader Jailani
MDPI AG
Recent advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized plant disease diagnosis and management. This review focuses on disease diagnosis through serological techniques, isothermal amplification methods, CRISPR-based approaches, and management strategies using RNA-based methods. Exploring high-throughput sequencing and RNA interference (RNAi) technologies like host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) and spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), this review delves into their potential. Despite the precision offered by RNAi in pest and pathogen management, challenges such as off-target effects and efficient dsRNA delivery persist. This review discusses the significance of these strategies in preventing aphid-mediated plant virus transmission, emphasizing the crucial role of meticulous dsRNA design for effective viral RNA targeting while minimizing harm to plant RNA. Despite acknowledged challenges, including off-target effects and delivery issues, this review underscores the transformative potential of RNA-based strategies in agriculture. Envisaging reduced pesticide dependency and enhanced productivity, these strategies stand as key players in the future of sustainable agriculture.
Mariya Ansari, B. Megala Devi, Ankita Sarkar, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Lovkush Satnami, Pooraniammal Balu, Manoj Choudhary, Muhammad Adnan Shahid, and A. Abdul Kader Jailani
MDPI AG
Microbes hold immense potential, based on the fact that they are widely acknowledged for their role in mitigating the detrimental impacts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which were extensively employed during the Green Revolution era. The consequence of this extensive use has been the degradation of agricultural land, soil health and fertility deterioration, and a decline in crop quality. Despite the existence of environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives, microbial bioinoculants encounter numerous challenges in real-world agricultural settings. These challenges include harsh environmental conditions like unfavorable soil pH, temperature extremes, and nutrient imbalances, as well as stiff competition with native microbial species and host plant specificity. Moreover, obstacles spanning from large-scale production to commercialization persist. Therefore, substantial efforts are underway to identify superior solutions that can foster a sustainable and eco-conscious agricultural system. In this context, attention has shifted towards the utilization of cell-free microbial exudates as opposed to traditional microbial inoculants. Microbial exudates refer to the diverse array of cellular metabolites secreted by microbial cells. These metabolites enclose a wide range of chemical compounds, including sugars, organic acids, amino acids, peptides, siderophores, volatiles, and more. The composition and function of these compounds in exudates can vary considerably, depending on the specific microbial strains and prevailing environmental conditions. Remarkably, they possess the capability to modulate and influence various plant physiological processes, thereby inducing tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, these exudates facilitate plant growth and aid in the remediation of environmental pollutants such as chemicals and heavy metals in agroecosystems. Much like live microbes, when applied, these exudates actively participate in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, engaging in continuous interactions with plants and plant-associated microbes. Consequently, they play a pivotal role in reshaping the microbiome. The biostimulant properties exhibited by these exudates position them as promising biological components for fostering cleaner and more sustainable agricultural systems.
A. Abdul Kader Jailani, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Pradeep Kumar, Oinam Washington Singh, Sunil Kumar Mukherjee, Anirban Roy, Neeti Sanan-Mishra, and Bikash Mandal
MDPI AG
Molecular cloning, a crucial prerequisite for engineering plasmid constructs intended for functional genomic studies, relies on successful restriction and ligation processes. However, the lack of unique restriction sites often hinders construct preparation, necessitating multiple modifications. Moreover, achieving the successful ligation of large plasmid constructs is frequently challenging. To address these limitations, we present a novel PCR strategy in this study, termed ‘long-fragment circular-efficient PCR’ (LC-PCR). This technique involves one or two rounds of PCR with an additional third-long primer that complements both ends of the newly synthesized strand of a plasmid construct. This results in self-circularization with a nick-gap in each newly formed strand. The LC-PCR technique was successfully employed to insert a partial sequence (210 nucleotides) of the phytoene desaturase gene from Nicotiana benthamiana and a full capsid protein gene (770 nucleotides) of a begomovirus (tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus) into a 16.4 kb infectious construct of a tobamovirus, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), cloned in pCambia. This was done to develop the virus-induced gene silencing vector (VIGS) and an expression vector for a foreign protein in plants, respectively. Furthermore, the LC-PCR could be applied for the deletion of a large region (replicase enzyme) and the substitution of a single amino acid in the CGMMV genome. Various in planta assays of these constructs validate their biological functionality, highlighting the utility of the LC-PCR technique in deciphering plant-virus functional genomics. The LC-PCR is not only suitable for modifying plant viral genomes but also applicable to a wide range of plant, animal, and human gene engineering under in-vitro conditions. Additionally, the LC-PCR technique provides an alternative to expensive kits, enabling quick introduction of modifications in any part of the nucleotide within a couple of days. Thus, the LC-PCR proves to be a suitable ‘all in one’ technique for modifying large plasmid constructs through site-directed gene insertion, deletion, and mutation, eliminating the need for restriction and ligation.
Anirudha Chattopadhyay, A. Abdul Kader Jailani, and Bikash Mandal
MDPI AG
After two years since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), more than six million deaths have occurred due to SARS-CoV-2, leading to an unprecedented disruption of the global economy. Fortunately, within a year, a wide range of vaccines, including pathogen-based inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, replicating and non-replicating vector-based vaccines, nucleic acid (DNA and mRNA)-based vaccines, and protein-based subunit and virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines, have been developed to mitigate the severe impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. These vaccines have proven highly effective in reducing the severity of illness and preventing deaths. However, the availability and supply of COVID-19 vaccines have become an issue due to the prioritization of vaccine distribution in most countries. Additionally, as the virus continues to mutate and spread, questions have arisen regarding the effectiveness of vaccines against new strains of SARS-CoV-2 that can evade host immunity. The urgent need for booster doses to enhance immunity has been recognized. The scarcity of “safe and effective” vaccines has exacerbated global inequalities in terms of vaccine coverage. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has fallen short of the expectations set forth in 2020 and 2021. Furthermore, the equitable distribution of vaccines at the global and national levels remains a challenge, particularly in developing countries. In such circumstances, the exigency of plant virus-based vaccines has become apparent as a means to overcome supply shortages through fast manufacturing processes and to enable quick and convenient distribution to millions of people without the reliance on a cold chain system. Moreover, plant virus-based vaccines have demonstrated both safety and efficacy in eliciting robust cellular immunogenicity against COVID-19 pathogens. This review aims to shed light on the advantages and disadvantages of different types of vaccines developed against SARS-CoV-2 and provide an update on the current status of plant-based vaccines in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Mantasha Arif, Vipin Verma, Aishwarya Priyadarshini, Lovkush Satnami, Aalok Mishra, Mariya Ansari, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Dawa Dolma Bhutia, and Ankita Sarkar
The Indian Society of Agronomy
Trichoderma spp. is mostly used for the management of soil-borne diseases and some foliage and fruit diseases in a variety of crop plants. It can help the environment by reducing agrochemical pollution, promoting plant growth, and enhancing plant resistance in addition to preventing plant diseases. Trichoderma spp. also functions as a secure, affordable, efficient, and environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for several crop species. In the present study, we obtained different Trichoderma isolates from rhizospheric soil samples of different locations and tested them for their antagonistic activity against major pulse pathogens. Among seven isolates, three isolates, viz., Pipal TH-2, ATH-Kashipur, and Mz/AP-2 were found to be highly effective by inhibiting the growth of Fusarium udum (64.04 to 78.65%), Fusarium ciceris (77.77 to 82.12%), Sclerotium rolfsii (59.09 to 69.30%), Macrophomina phaseolina (52.42 to 62.72%) and Alternaria alternata (80.12 to 83.22%). These isolates were also tested for growth-promoting traits (PGPR) in the present study and isolates having both plant growth-promoting ability and biocontrol potentiality were selected and preserved for further studies. These isolates of Trichoderma spp. would be a crucial partner for achieving the Green Earth goal due to their contribution to the sustainable growth of agriculture.
Uday Chand Jha, Harsh Nayyar, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Radha Beena, Ajaz A. Lone, Yogesh Dashrath Naik, Mahendar Thudi, Pagadala Venkata Vara Prasad, Sanjeev Gupta, Girish Prasad Dixit,et al.
Frontiers Media SA
Grain legumes play a crucial role in human nutrition and as a staple crop for low-income farmers in developing and underdeveloped nations, contributing to overall food security and agroecosystem services. Viral diseases are major biotic stresses that severely challenge global grain legume production. In this review, we discuss how exploring naturally resistant grain legume genotypes within germplasm, landraces, and crop wild relatives could be used as promising, economically viable, and eco-environmentally friendly solution to reduce yield losses. Studies based on Mendelian and classical genetics have enhanced our understanding of key genetic determinants that govern resistance to various viral diseases in grain legumes. Recent advances in molecular marker technology and genomic resources have enabled us to identify genomic regions controlling viral disease resistance in various grain legumes using techniques such as QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies, whole-genome resequencing, pangenome and ‘omics’ approaches. These comprehensive genomic resources have expedited the adoption of genomics-assisted breeding for developing virus-resistant grain legumes. Concurrently, progress in functional genomics, especially transcriptomics, has helped unravel underlying candidate gene(s) and their roles in viral disease resistance in legumes. This review also examines the progress in genetic engineering-based strategies, including RNA interference, and the potential of synthetic biology techniques, such as synthetic promoters and synthetic transcription factors, for creating viral-resistant grain legumes. It also elaborates on the prospects and limitations of cutting-edge breeding technologies and emerging biotechnological tools (e.g., genomic selection, rapid generation advances, and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool) in developing virus-disease-resistant grain legumes to ensure global food security.
Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Jyotika Purohit, Sahil Mehta, Hemangini Parmar, Sangeetha Karippadakam, Afreen Rashid, Alexander Balamurugan, Shilpi Bansal, Ganesan Prakash, V. Mohan Murali Achary,et al.
MDPI AG
In the present scenario of a looming food crisis, improving per hectare rice productivity at a greater pace is among the topmost priorities of scientists and breeders. In the past decades, conventional, mutational, and marker-assisted breeding techniques have played a significant role in developing multiple desired rice varieties. However, due to certain limitations, these techniques cannot furnish the projected food security of the 2050 population’s aching stomachs. One of the possible options would be precise crop genome editing using various tools, viz., TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 to resolve this multifaceted crisis. Initially, the potentiality of these technologies was tested only in the rice protoplasts. Later, the techniques were employed to edit calli with help of modified vectors, CRISPR variants, cassette cloning systems, and delivery methods. With the continuous technological advancements such as base editing, multiplexing, etc., the precision, rapidness, efficiency, reliability, potency, and range of applications of these platforms have increased and even been used for gene function studies. This leads to a revolution in the field of the rice improvement program, especially the stress tolerance against various pests and pathogens in which the susceptibility factors located within the rice genome are targeted through genome editing tools. Therefore, in this current article, we have summarized the advancements in the rice genome editing tools during the last decade concerning enhanced biotic stress tolerance. Additionally, we have focused on the regulatory aspects of genome editing with associated risks and limitations, and the prospects to reshape the rice genome for durable resistance to complex biotic stress.
Antul Kumar, Harmanjot Kaur, Anuj Choudhary, Kanika Mehta, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Sahil Mehta
Elsevier
Kul Bhushan, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Dharmendra Pratap
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sahil, Radhika Keshan, Anupam Patra, Sahil Mehta, K. F. Abdelmotelb, Shivaji Ajinath Lavale, Mukesh Chaudhary, S. K. Aggarwal, and Anirudha Chattopadhyay
Springer International Publishing
S. Saranya, Basavaraj Teli, Jyotika Purohit, R. K. Singh, and Anirudha Chattopadhyay
Springer Singapore
Anirudha Chattopadhyay, A. Abdul Kader Jailani, Anirban Roy, Sunil Kumar Mukherjee, and Bikash Mandal
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Anirudha Chattopadhyay and Bikash Mandal
Elsevier
R. K. Singh, Sumit Kumar Pandey, and Anirudha Chattopadhyay
Springer Singapore
Basavaraj Teli, Jyotika Purohit, Md. Mahtab Rashid, A. Abdul Kader Jailani, and Anirudha Chattopadhyay
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
In the scenario of global warming and climate change, an outbreak of new pests and pathogens has become a serious concern owing to the rapid emergence of arms races, their epidemic infection, and the ability to break down host resistance, etc. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one such evidence that depredates major cereals throughout the world. The symptomatological perplexity and aetiological complexity make this disease very severe, engendering significant losses in the yield. Apart from qualitative and quantitative losses, mycotoxin production solemnly deteriorates the grain quality in addition to life endangerment of humans and animals after consumption of toxified grains above the permissible limit. To minimize this risk, we must be very strategic in designing sustainable management practices constituting cultural, biological, chemical, and host resistance approaches. Even though genetic resistance is the most effective and environmentally safe strategy, a huge genetic variation and unstable resistance response limit the holistic deployment of resistance genes in FHB management. Thus, the focus must shift towards the editing of susceptible (S) host proteins that are soft targets of newly evolving effector molecules, which ultimately could be exploited to repress the disease development process. Hence, we must understand the pathological, biochemical, and molecular insight of disease development in a nutshell. In the present time, the availability of functional genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics information on host-pathogen interaction in FHB have constructed various networks which helped in understanding the pathogenesis and coherent host response(s). So now translation of this information for designing of host defense in the form of desirable resistant variety/ genotype is the next step. The insights collected and presented in this review will be aiding in the understanding of the disease and apprise a solution to the multi-faceted problems which are related to FHB resistance in wheat and other cereals to ensure global food safety and food security.
Jyotika Purohit, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Basavaraj Teli
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
: Since the last few decades, the promiscuous and uncontrolled use of plastics led to the accumulation of millions of tons of plastic waste in the terrestrial and marine environment. It elevated the risk of environmental pollution and climate change. The concern arises more due to the reckless and unscientific disposal of plastics containing high molecular weight polymers, viz., polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyurethane, and polyethylene, etc. which are very difficult to degrade. Thus, the focus is now paid to search for efficient, eco-friendly, low-cost waste management technology. Of them, degradation of non-degradable synthetic polymer using diverse microbial agents, viz., bacteria, fungi, and other extremophiles become an emerging option. So far, very few microbial agents and their secreted enzymes have been identified and characterized for plastic degradation, but with low efficiency. It might be due to the predominance of uncultured microbial species, which consequently remain unexplored from the respective plastic degrading milieu. To overcome this problem, metagenomic analysis of microbial population engaged in the plastic biodegradation is advisable to decipher the microbial community structure and to predict their biodegradation potential in situ. Advancements in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics analysis allow the rapid metagenome screening that helps in the identification of total microbial community and also opens up the scope for mining genes or enzymes (hydrolases, laccase, etc.) engaged in polymer degradation. Further, the extraction of the core microbial population and their adaptation, fitness, and survivability can also be deciphered through comparative metagenomic study. It will help to engineer the microbial community and their metabolic activity to speed up the degradation process.
Jyotika Purohit, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Nirbhay K. Singh
Springer International Publishing
Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Jyotika Purohit, Kapil K. Tiwari, and Rupesh Deshmukh
Current Science Association
Nirbhay K. Singh, Dasharathbhai B. Patel, Smitkumar R. Chaudhari, Bindiyaben G. Morad, Sonalben M. Rabari, Anirudh Chattopadhyay, and Mohan L. Tetarwal
Current Science Association
Alternaria burnsii , the pathogen responsible for cumin blight, was collected from diseased plant samples from North Gujarat. AB-01 showed maximum growth at 28 ± 1°C. Conidia ranged from 44.92 to 63.28 μm in length and 10.84 to 24.36 μm in width whereas beak length of conidia ranged from 20.34 to 47.85 μm. The isolate AB-01 showed the highest sporulation frequency (1.24 x 10 5 /ml), but the highest percentage of disease intensity was observed in AB-08 (31.4). Internally transcribed spacer gene sequence based phylogenetic grouping using MEGA5.6 and the factorial analysis using DARwin5 reflect the presence of two distinct groups. The fast growing isolates that show high pathogenicity are present in group-I of the dendrogram whereas the members of group-II show grey black colony colour, light brown colony margin, plain irregular growth pattern, and comparatively larger beak length of conidia.
Kul Bhushan, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Dharmendra Pratap
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Kul Bhushan, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, and Dharmendra Pratap
Wiley
Since the dawn of life there is a never ending strife between bacteria and phages. Both are perpetually changing their strategies to take over each other. CRISPR/Cas is the most widespread defense system used by bacteria against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as phages, cojugative palsmids, transoposons, and pathogenicity islands. This system utilizes small guide RNA molecules to protect against phages infection and invasion by MGEs. Phages circumvent to these antiviral barriers by point mutation in PAM (protospacer‐adjacent motif) sequence, genome rearrangements and by using anti‐CRISPR proteins.
Amit Verma, Hukum Singh, Shahbaz Anwar, Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Kapil K. Tiwari, Surinder Kaur, and Gurpreet Singh Dhilon
Informa UK Limited
Abstract Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes that occur in various biological systems ranging from microorganisms to higher organisms. Microbial proteases are largely utilized in various established industrial processes. Despite their numerous industrial applications, they are not efficient in hydrolysis of recalcitrant, protein-rich keratinous wastes which result in environmental pollution and health hazards. This paved the way for the search of keratinolytic microorganisms having the ability to hydrolyze “hard to degrade” keratinous wastes. This new class of proteases is known as “keratinases”. Due to their specificity, keratinases have an advantage over normal proteases and have replaced them in many industrial applications, such as nematicidal agents, nitrogenous fertilizer production from keratinous waste, animal feed and biofuel production. Keratinases have also replaced the normal proteases in the leather industry and detergent additive application due to their better performance. They have also been proved efficient in prion protein degradation. Above all, one of the major hurdles of enzyme industrial applications (cost effective production) can be achieved by using keratinous waste biomass, such as chicken feathers and hairs as fermentation substrate. Use of these low cost waste materials serves dual purposes: to reduce the fermentation cost for enzyme production as well as reducing the environmental waste load. The advent of keratinases has given new direction for waste management with industrial applications giving rise to green technology for sustainable development.
Anirudha Chattopadhyay, Deepti Nagaich, John M. Lima, Amit Verma, and Kapil Kumar Tiwari
Apple Academic Press
A. Ghatak and M. Ansar
Apple Academic Press