Ultrasensitive Specific Detection of Anti-influenza A H1N1 Hemagglutinin Monoclonal Antibody Using Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Biosensors Hui Zhang, Fumiya Osawa, Haru Okamoto, Yawei Qiu, Zhiheng Liu, et al. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 2025 Rapid and sensitive detection of virus-related antigens and antibodies is crucial for controlling sudden seasonal epidemics and monitoring neutralizing antibody levels after vaccination. However, conventional detection methods still face challenges related to compatibility with rapid, highly sensitive, and compact detection apparatus. In this work, we developed a Si nanowire (SiNW)-based field-effect biosensor by precisely controlling the process conditions to achieve the required electrical properties via complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible nanofabrication processes. The SiNW surface was chemically modified with 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid, followed by a dehydration condensation reaction with influenza A H1N1 hemagglutinin (HA1), to enable specific detection of anti-HA1 immunoglobulin G (IgG). We successfully detected the anti-influenza IgG with concentrations ranging from 1 aM to 100 nM, achieving a remarkable detection limit of 6.0 aM. To demonstrate specificity, a control experiment was conducted using normal mouse IgG with concentrations of 6 aM to 600 nM. The results showed a high specificity, with the signal being 6-fold greater for the target IgG compared to the control IgG. This work demonstrates the capability of SiNW biosensors to detect anti-influenza A H1N1 hemagglutinin monoclonal antibody with enhanced detection sensitivity and specificity. This work lays the groundwork for future applications in detecting antibodies after vaccination or immunotherapy, contributing to the effective management of infectious pandemics.
The possibility of ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules using silicon nanowire biosensor with structural optimization Hui Zhang, Mayuna Abe, Fumiya Osawa, Yawei Qiu, Noriyasu Ohshima, et al. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2024 Silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensors, operating as FETs, demonstrate remarkable capabilities for the ultrasensitive detection of specific biomolecules. Our prior work specifically explored the impact of SiNW widths on biosensor sensitivity, highlighting that narrower SiNWs significantly enhance detection sensitivity. While experimental studies provide valuable insights, theoretical investigations into the combined effect of multiple parameters on sensing performance are crucial. However, theoretical studies have been relatively scarce in the research of SiNW biosensors. In response to this gap, we developed a numerical model of SiNW biosensor using the finite-element method in COMSOL Multiphysics. By leveraging simulations, we explored the sensing performance of SiNW biosensors across various widths, thicknesses, impurity concentrations, and their combined effects, addressing a previously unexplored area in this research. Based on the simulations, the optimal structure that exhibits both high sensitivity and measurable current was predicted. To ascertain the reliability of our simulations, a subset of the results was compared with experimental data. Our findings indicate the potential for achieving ultrasensitive biomolecule detection using SiNW biosensors through structural optimization.
Real-time hybrid angular-interrogation surface plasmon resonance sensor in the near-infrared region for wide dynamic range refractive index sensing Hidenori Koresawa, Kota Seki, Kenji Nishimoto, Eiji Hase, Yu Tokizane, et al. Scientific Reports, 2023 Herein, we integrated angle-scanning surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and angle-fixed SPR as a hybrid angular-interrogation SPR to enhance the sensing performance. Galvanometer-mirror-based beam angle scanning achieves a 100-Hz acquisition rate of both the angular SPR reflectance spectrum and the angle-fixed SPR reflectance, whereas the use of near-infrared light enhances the refractive index (RI) sensitivity, range, and precision compared with visible light. Simultaneous measurement of the angular SPR reflectance spectrum and angle-fixed SPR reflectance boosts the RI change range, RI resolution, and RI accuracy to 10–1–10–6 RIU, 2.24 × 10−6 RIU, and 5.22 × 10−6 RIU, respectively. The proposed hybrid SPR is a powerful tool for wide-dynamic-range RI sensing with various applications.
Rapid, high-sensitivity detection of biomolecules using dual-comb biosensing Shogo Miyamura, Ryo Oe, Takuya Nakahara, Hidenori Koresawa, Shota Okada, et al. Scientific Reports, 2023 Rapid, sensitive detection of biomolecules is important for biosensing of infectious pathogens as well as biomarkers and pollutants. For example, biosensing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still strongly required for the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we aim to achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen by enhancing the performance of optical biosensing based on optical frequency combs (OFC). The virus-concentration-dependent optical spectrum shift produced by antigen–antibody interactions is transformed into a photonic radio-frequency (RF) shift by a frequency conversion between the optical and RF regions in the OFC, facilitating rapid and sensitive detection with well-established electrical frequency measurements. Furthermore, active-dummy temperature-drift compensation with a dual-comb configuration enables the very small change in the virus-concentration-dependent signal to be extracted from the large, variable background signal caused by temperature disturbance. The achieved performance of dual-comb biosensing will greatly enhance the applicability of biosensors to viruses, biomarkers, environmental hormones, and so on.
Estimation of the Depletion Layer Thickness in Silicon Nanowire-Based Biosensors from Attomolar-Level Biomolecular Detection Hui Zhang, Yawei Qiu, Fumiya Osawa, Meiko Itabashi, Noriyasu Ohshima, et al. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2023 Silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their superior sensitivity. Recently, the dependence of biomolecule detection sensitivity on the nanowire (NW) width, number, and doping density has been partially investigated. However, the primary reason for achieving ultrahigh sensitivity has not been elucidated thus far. In this study, we designed and fabricated SiNW biosensors with different widths (10.8-155 nm) by integrating a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and electron beam lithography. We aimed to investigate the detection limit of SiNW biosensors and reveal the critical effect of the 10-nm-scaled SiNW width on the detection sensitivity. The sensing performance was evaluated by detecting antiovalbumin immunoglobulin G (IgG) with various concentrations (from 6 aM to 600 nM). The initial thickness of the depletion region of the SiNW and the changes in the depletion region due to biomolecule binding were calculated. The basis of this calculation are the resistance change ratios as functions of IgG concentrations using SiNWs with different widths. The calculation results reveal that the proportion of the depletion region over the entire SiNW channel is the essential reason for high-sensitivity detection. Therefore, this study is crucial for an indepth understanding on how to maximize the sensitivity of SiNW biosensors.
Photonic RF Biosensing of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein using dual fiber combs Shogo Miyamura, Ryo Oe, Takuya Nakahara, Shuji Taue, Yu Tokizane, et al. Proceedings 28th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors Ofs 2023, 2023 One interesting feature of optical frequency comb (OFC) is a function of frequency conversion between region and electric regions. While such feature has been used for generation of correct electric signal in microwave or millimeter region, it can be further used for fiber biosensing; namely, biosensing OFC. In this paper, we demonstrated detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen based on a combination of dual fiber combs, an intracavity multi-mode-interference fiber sensor, and sensor surface modification of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.
Dual-comb biosensing of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen Shogo Miyamura, Ryo Oe, Takuya Nakahara, Shuji Taue, Yu Tokizane, et al. Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of SPIE, 2023 One interesting feature of optical frequency comb (OFC) is a function of frequency conversion between region and electric regions. While such feature has been used for generation of correct electric signal in microwave or millimeter region, it can be further used for fiber biosensing; namely, biosensing OFC. In this paper, we demonstrated detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen based on a combination of dual fiber combs, an intracavity multi-mode-interference fiber sensor, and sensor surface modification of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.
Reduction of Temperature Drift in Refractive-index-sensing Optical Frequency Comb by Mechanical-sharing Dual-fiber-cavity Configuration Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2022
Reduction ofTemperature Drift in Refractive-index-sensing Optical Frequency Comb by Mechanical-sharing Dual-fiber-cavity Configuration 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics CLEO 2022 Proceedings, 2022
Application of Refractive-index-sensing Optical Frequency Comb for Biosensing of Antigen-antibody Reaction 2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics CLEO 2021 Proceedings, 2021
Application of refractive-index-sensing optical frequency comb for biosensing of antigen-antibody reaction Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2021
Highly-sensitive plasmonic detection of SARS-Cov-2 nucleocapsid protein using gold nanoparticle-enhanced SPR Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2021
Refractive-index-sensing Optical Comb Using Intra-cavity Multi-mode-interference Fiber Sensor and Its Application for Bio-Sensing Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2020
