Comparative Performance Analysis of YOLO-Based Models for Gunny Bag Detection and Counting in Warehouse Environments Kasukurthi Lakshmi Prasanna, Satish Kumar Satti 2026 IEEE 15th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies Csnt 2026, 2026 Computer vision is an emerging technology, and it is widely used for object detection in different industrial and warehouse settings. In this work, eight different YOLO-based object detection models, namely YOLOv5, YOLOv7, YOLOv8 (Nano and Small), YOLOv9, YOLOv11 (Nano and Small), and YOLOv12, are adopted to assess the performance of gunny bag object detection and counting. All these adopted models are trained and evaluated on a custom-built dataset. This dataset consists of gunny bag objects that are captured in different warehouses and godowns. These models are evaluated using the metrics precision, recall, and mean Average Precision(mAP). The experimental results indicated that YOLOv8 nano performed better than other techniques in the context of gunny bag object detection and counting with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$93.8 \% m A P^{50}$</tex>. It is also observed that YOLOv8 Small and YOLOv11 techniques had a high precision and recall value in detecting gunny bags.
Air-Written Multicharacter Detection and Classification Using Vision-Based Hand Gestures and an Optimized ResYOLO-Transformer Satish Kumar Satti, M Prasad IEEE Sensors Journal, 2026 Air writing is a cutting-edge method of contactless human-machine interaction. It involves writing characters or words in the air with fingertip gestures. This method replaces keyboards and touchscreens, making it particularly useful for smart devices, healthcare applications, and hands-free text input. Predicting a single character in air writing is simple. However, detecting and classifying multiple or overlapping characters remains difficult. To address this issue, we proposed a vision-sensor-based approach that includes a Hand Tracking Algorithm and a ResYOLO-Transformer model. We also use the chaotic honey badge algorithm to optimise hyperparameters. This ensures an ideal balance across parameters. It helps avoid local optima and enhances the exploration-exploitation balance, improving prediction accuracy. A custom dataset with 26 classes was created. We used specific hand gestures to ensure that each character’s coordinates were recorded separately, even if they overlapped. The proposed model was trained and evaluated on custom and ISI datasets. It achieved an accuracy of 97.49%, demonstrating its effectiveness in robust air-written character detection and classification. Compared to other cutting-edge models such as YOLOV<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub>, YOLOV<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub>, YOLOV<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sub>, YOLOV<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub>, and Vision Transformer, the proposed ResYOLO-Transformer model performs better. Furthermore, when integrated with the CHBA, the proposed model outperformed other optimisation techniques like CSO, PSO, BSO, and CJAYA. It achieved an improved prediction accuracy of 98.89%.
Time-and-Traffic-aware collaborative task offloading with service caching-replacement in cloud-assisted mobile edge computing Gurpreet Singh Chhabra, Satish Kumar Satti, Goluguri N. V. Rajareddy, Abhijeet Mahapatra, Gondi Lakshmeeswari, Kaushik Mishra Cluster Computing, 2025 The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) applications has increased the demand for ultra-low-latency and energy-efficient computing. While Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) addresses these demands by shifting computation from the centralized cloud to edge servers, its limited resources pose a major challenge. In particular, making optimal decisions for service caching and task offloading under dynamic network conditions and energy constraints remains a critical issue. Efficient caching is essential for latency-sensitive IoT tasks, yet only a subset of services can be stored at MEC-enabled base stations (BSs) due to storage limitations. This paper proposes a Cloud-assisted MEC framework that jointly optimizes service caching, service replacement, and task offloading to enhance long-term system performance. A two-phase solution is developed: first, an Irregular Cellular Learning Automata (ICLA)-based algorithm classifies traffic patterns and timescales, and a Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning (DDRL) algorithm performs adaptive, decentralized task offloading. To address caching constraints, a dynamic 0–1 knapsack approach selects services based on popularity, while a Q-learning-based policy handles service replacement. Simulation results validate the framework’s effectiveness, showing significant reductions in service latency and energy usage, with improved scalability and adaptability over traditional centralized approaches. The proposed method offers a robust and practical solution for next-generation MEC systems supporting real-time IoT services.
A digital twin-enabled fog-edge-assisted IoAT framework for Oryza Sativa disease identification and classification Goluguri N.V. Rajareddy, Kaushik Mishra, Satish Kumar Satti, Gurpreet Singh Chhabra, Kshira Sagar Sahoo, Amir H. Gandomi Ecological Informatics, 2025 The integration of agri-technology with the Internet of Agricultural Things (IoAT) is revolutionizing the field of smart agriculture, particularly in diagnosing and treating Oryza sativa (rice) diseases. Given that rice serves as a staple food for over half of the global population, ensuring its healthy cultivation is crucial, particularly with the growing global population. Accurate and timely identification of rice diseases, such as Brown Leaf Spot (BS), Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB), and Leaf Blast (LB), is therefore essential to maintaining and enhancing rice production. In response to this critical need, the research introduces a timely detection system that leverages the power of Digital Twin (DT)-enabled Fog computing, integrated with Edge and Cloud Computing (CC), and supported by sensors and advanced technologies. At the heart of this system lies a sophisticated deep-learning model built on the robust AlexNet neural network architecture. This model is further refined by including Quaternion convolution layers, which enhance colour information processing, and Atrous convolution layers, which improve depth perception, particularly in extracting disease patterns. To boost the model's predictive accuracy, the Chaotic Honey Badger Algorithm (CHBA) is employed to optimize the CNN hyperparameters, resulting in an impressive average accuracy of 93.5 %. This performance significantly surpasses that of other models, including AlexNet, AlexNet-Atrous, QAlexNet, and QAlexNet-Atrous, which achieved respective accuracies of 75 %, 84 %, 89 %, and 91 %. Moreover, the CHBA optimization algorithm outperforms other techniques like CSO, BSO, PSO, and CJAYA and demonstrates optimal results with an 80–20 % training-testing parameter split. Service latency analysis further reveals that the Fog-Edge-assisted environment is more efficient than the Cloud-assisted model for latency reduction. Additionally, the DT-enabled QAlexNet-Atrous-CHBA model proves to be far superior to its non-DT counterpart, showing substantial improvements in 18.7 % in Accuracy, 17 % in recall, 19 % in Fβ-measure, 17.3 % in specificity, and 13.4 % in precision, respectively. These enhancements are supported by convergence analysis and the Quade rank test, establishing the model's effectiveness and potential to significantly improve rice disease diagnosis and management. This advancement promises to contribute significantly to the sustainability and productivity of global rice cultivation. • Developing a collaborative digital twin-enabled edge-fog assisted framework for Oryza Sativa disease diagnosis. • The detection of plant diseases is performed using a deep learning model called AlexNet. • A Quaternion-valued model is used with the AlexNet architecture to extract the abundant colour information. • Atrous convolution layers have been included in the convolutional neural network architecture. • The Chaotic Honey Badger Algorithm (CHBA) is utilized to optimize the model's parameters.
Deep Learning-Driven Multi-Modal Framework for Robust Traffic Sign and Pothole Detection on Indian Roads Yalla S J V Durga Bhavani Devika Rani, Satish Kumar Satti 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation Iccca 2025, 2025 Accurate identification of traffic signs and road surface defects such as potholes is vital for ensuring road safety and enabling intelligent transportation in India. Traditional vision-based methods that depend only on RGB imagery face significant limitations under poor lighting and adverse environmental conditions. To address these challenges, this paper presents a multi-modal deep learning framework that combines RGB and depth information, with scope for incorporating thermal imaging in future extensions. The proposed architecture integrates modality-specific feature extraction, an adaptive cross-modal attention fusion mechanism, and a spatio-temporal refinement module to achieve reliable and consistent real-time detection. Experimental evaluations show that the framework reaches mean average precisions of about 93% for traffic sign detection and 89% for pothole detection, outperforming unimodal baselines by 6–8%. Despite the additional processing required for depth data, the system sustains an inference speed of nearly 45 FPS, confirming its suitability for real-time deployment. These results highlight the framework’s improved accuracy, adaptability to diverse conditions, and operational efficiency compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.
Potholes and traffic signs detection by classifier with vision transformers Satish Kumar Satti, Goluguri N. V. Rajareddy, Kaushik Mishra, Amir H. Gandomi Scientific Reports, 2024 Detecting potholes and traffic signs is crucial for driver assistance systems and autonomous vehicles, emphasizing real-time and accurate recognition. In India, approximately 2500 fatalities occur annually due to accidents linked to hidden potholes and overlooked traffic signs. Existing methods often overlook water-filled and illuminated potholes, as well as those shaded by trees. Additionally, they neglect the perspective and illuminated (nighttime) traffic signs. To address these challenges, this study introduces a novel approach employing a cascade classifier along with a vision transformer. A cascade classifier identifies patterns associated with these elements, and Vision Transformers conducts detailed analysis and classification. The proposed approach undergoes training and evaluation on ICTS, GTSRDB, KAGGLE, and CCSAD datasets. Model performance is assessed using precision, recall, and mean Average Precision (mAP) metrics. Compared to state-of-the-art techniques like YOLOv3, YOLOv4, Faster RCNN, and SSD, the method achieves impressive recognition with a mAP of 97.14% for traffic sign detection and 98.27% for pothole detection.
Image Caption Generation using ResNET-50 and LSTM Satish Kumar Satti, Goluguri N V Rajareddy, Prasad Maddula, N V Vishnumurthy Ravipati Conference Proceedings 2023 IEEE Silchar Subsection Conference Silcon 2023, 2023
Comparative Performance Analysis of YOLO-Based Models for Gunny Bag Detection and Counting in Warehouse Environments KL Prasanna, SK Satti 2026 IEEE 15th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network … , 2026 2026
Air-Written Multi-Character Detection and Classification Using Vision-Based Hand Gestures and an Optimized ResYOLO-Transformer SK Satti, M Prasad IEEE Sensors Journal , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Deep Learning-Driven Multi-Modal Framework for Robust Traffic Sign and Pothole Detection on Indian Roads YSJVDBD Rani, SK Satti 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computing, Communication and … , 2025 2025
Determining Rainfall Thresholds for Landslide Prediction: A Case Study on the Hills of Assam SK Satti 2025
Time-and-Traffic-aware collaborative task offloading with service caching-replacement in cloud-assisted mobile edge computing GS Chhabra, SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, A Mahapatra, G Lakshmeeswari, ... Cluster Computing 28 (14), 900 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Real-Time Surveillance System to Monitor Vehicles and Pedestrians for Road Traffic Management SK Satti, K Suganya Devi, NB Muppalaneni, P Maddula AI-Driven Transportation Systems: Real-Time Applications and Related … , 2025 2025
Real-Time Surveillance System SK Satti, KS Devi, NB Muppalaneni AI-Driven Transportation Systems: Real-Time Applications and Related … , 2025 2025
Unfolding the diagnostic pipeline of diabetic retinopathy with artificial intelligence: A systematic review KS Devi, HK Vasireddi, GNVR Reddy, SK Satti Survey of Ophthalmology , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
A digital twin-enabled fog-edge-assisted IoAT framework for Oryza Sativa disease identification and classification GNV Rajareddy, K Mishra, SK Satti, GS Chhabra, KS Sahoo, AH Gandomi Ecological Informatics 87, 103063 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Evaluating Yolo Models for Detecting Crowds in Sparse Regions SK Satti, V Kagga International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for … , 2025 2025
Efficient detection and partitioning of overlapped red blood cells using image processing approach P Dhar, K Suganya Devi, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering 21 (1), 79-91 , 2025 2025 Citations: 15
Drowsy alert: A system to detect and alert driver's drowsiness for road safety SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, NVV Ravipati, SG Samanvita 2024 IEEE Students Conference on Engineering and Systems (SCES), 1-6 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Terahertz video-based hidden object detection using YOLOv5m and mutation-enabled salp swarm algorithm for enhanced accuracy and faster recognition J Jayachitra, KS Devi, SV Manisekaran, SK Satti The Journal of Supercomputing 80 (6), 8357-8382 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
An hybrid soft attention based XGBoost model for classification of poikilocytosis blood cells P Dhar, K Suganya Devi, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Evolving Systems 15 (2), 523-539 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Potholes and traffic signs detection by classifier with vision transformers SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, K Mishra, AH Gandomi Scientific reports 14 (1), 2215 , 2024 2024 Citations: 36
An Ensemble Technique for Predicting Human Heart Disease UK Nannapaneni, SK Satti, B Himaja, KN Poojitha Intelligent Computing Systems and Applications: Proceedings of the 2nd … , 2024 2024
Image caption generation using ResNET-50 and LSTM SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, P Maddula, NVV Ravipati 2023 IEEE Silchar Subsection Conference (SILCON), 1-6 , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
An optimal deep learning model for recognition of hidden hazardous weapons in terahertz and millimeter wave images J Jayachitra, SD K, SV Manisekaran, SK Satti Earth Science Informatics 16 (3), 2709-2726 , 2023 2023 Citations: 13
EEEDCS: Enhanced energy efficient distributed compressive sensing based data collection for WSNs K Sekar, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems 38, 100871 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
HPKNN: Hyper‐parameter optimized KNN classifier for classification of poikilocytosis P Dhar, SD Kothandapani, SK Satti, S Padmanabhan International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology , 2023 2023 Citations: 14
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Unified approach for detecting traffic signs and potholes on Indian roads SK Satti, K Suganya Devi, P Maddula, NVV Ravipati Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences , 2021 2021 Citations: 52
A machine learning approach for detecting and tracking road boundary lanes SK Satti, KS Devi, P Dhar, P Srinivasan ICT Express 7 (1), 99-103 , 2021 2021 Citations: 37
Potholes and traffic signs detection by classifier with vision transformers SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, K Mishra, AH Gandomi Scientific reports 14 (1), 2215 , 2024 2024 Citations: 36
Image caption generation using ResNET-50 and LSTM SK Satti, GNV Rajareddy, P Maddula, NVV Ravipati 2023 IEEE Silchar Subsection Conference (SILCON), 1-6 , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
ICTS: Indian cautionary traffic sign classification using deep learning SK Satti, KS Devi, K Sekar, P Dhar, P Srinivasan 2022 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing and Electrical … , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
Efficient detection and partitioning of overlapped red blood cells using image processing approach P Dhar, K Suganya Devi, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering 21 (1), 79-91 , 2025 2025 Citations: 15
R‐ICTS: Recognize the Indian cautionary traffic signs in real‐time using an optimized adaptive boosting cascade classifier and a convolutional neural network SK Satti Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 34 (10), e6796 , 2021 2021 Citations: 15
Enhancing and Classifying Traffic Signs Using Computer Vision and Deep Convolutional Neural Network PS Satish Kumar Satti,K Suganya Devi, Prasenjit Dhar Communications in Computer and Information Science 1240, 243-253 , 2020 2020 Citations: 15
HPKNN: Hyper‐parameter optimized KNN classifier for classification of poikilocytosis P Dhar, SD Kothandapani, SK Satti, S Padmanabhan International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology , 2023 2023 Citations: 14
An Efficient Noise Separation Technique for Removal of Gaussian and Mixed Noises in Monochrome and Color Images SK Satti, K Suganya Devi, P Dhar, P Srinivasan International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 14
An optimal deep learning model for recognition of hidden hazardous weapons in terahertz and millimeter wave images J Jayachitra, SD K, SV Manisekaran, SK Satti Earth Science Informatics 16 (3), 2709-2726 , 2023 2023 Citations: 13
Recognizing the Indian Cautionary Traffic Signs using GAN, Improved Mask R‐CNN, and Grab Cut SK Satti Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, e7453 , 2023 2023 Citations: 10
Terahertz video-based hidden object detection using YOLOv5m and mutation-enabled salp swarm algorithm for enhanced accuracy and faster recognition J Jayachitra, KS Devi, SV Manisekaran, SK Satti The Journal of Supercomputing 80 (6), 8357-8382 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Detecting potholes on Indian roads using Haar feature-based cascade classifier, convolutional neural network, and instance segmentation SK Satti, KS Devi, P Dhar, P Srinivasan Soft Computing 26 (18), 9141-9153 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
Detail Study of Different Algorithms for Early Detection of Cancer P Dhar, K Suganya Devi, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Health Informatics: A Computational Perspective in Healthcare, 207-232 , 2021 2021 Citations: 8
An hybrid soft attention based XGBoost model for classification of poikilocytosis blood cells P Dhar, K Suganya Devi, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Evolving Systems 15 (2), 523-539 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Indian cautionary traffic sign data-set SK Satti, K Suganya Devi IEEE Dataport, 98-112 , 2020 2020 Citations: 7
Computer vision-based system for locating and counting vacant parking lot NVV Ravipati, VRN Mondreti, SK Satti, CS Gurugunti, VNSL Jakkampudi 2022 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Information System … , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Efficient technique for removal of white and mixed noises in gray scale images SS Kumar, S Devi K, RV Murthy, S P International Journal for Innovative Engineering & Management Research 8 (09 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 6
EEEDCS: Enhanced energy efficient distributed compressive sensing based data collection for WSNs K Sekar, SK Satti, P Srinivasan Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems 38, 100871 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5