Amjad Abu Hasna
@ict.unesp.br
Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics Division
Sao Paulo state university
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Dentistry
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Diego Garcia Miranda, Florence Carrouel, Tatiane Cristina Alberti Silva, Mariana Cafalchio Rozzatto, Amjad Abu Hasna, Carlos Eduardo Rocha Santos, Flavia Villaça Morais, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, and Lucas de Paula Ramos
MDPI AG
(1) Background: In hospitals, medical and dental clinics, antiseptics or disinfectants play an essential role in the control of nosocomial infections. This study aimed to evaluate R. officinalis and P. paniculata glycolic extracts regarding: (I) their antimicrobial action on planktonic and biofilm (monotypic and cutaneous biofilm model—S. aureus, S. epidermidis and C. acnes); and (II) their cytotoxicity on human keratinocytes (HaCaT). (2) Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were performed (CLSI protocol M7-A6 and M11-A8). MTT analysis was used to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of the extracts on biofilms and their cytotoxicity on human keratinocytes. (3) Results: The combined glycolic extracts MIX A (75% P. paniculata + 25% R. officinalis); MIX B (50% P. paniculata + 50% R. officinalis); and MIX C (25% P. paniculata + 75% R. officinalis) promoted MBC values by 50 mg/mL on S. aureus, absent on S. epidermidis, and ranged 6.25–50 mg/mL for C. acnes. The cutaneous biofilm model was reduced more than 90%. In addition, it showed biocompatibility with human keratinocytes, resulting in percentages of viability greater than 50%. (4) Conclusions: The combination of extracts promoted antimicrobial action on planktonic cultures, and monotypic and heterotypic biofilms of skin pathogens. Additionally, these extracts are biocompatible against human keratinocytes.
Carlos Henrique Ferrari, Lara Steffany de Carvalho, Caroline Trefiglio Rocha, and Amjad Abu Hasna
MDPI AG
This study aimed to assess the relationship between apical fenestration—a defect in the alveolar bone involving the root apex—and tooth position in all tooth groups, excluding the third molars, utilizing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. A total of 800 CBCT scans (400 maxillary and 400 mandibular) from patients undergoing various treatments were examined by a single professional (radiologist and endodontist). Statistical analyses, including the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, were conducted using R software 2.7.3 (R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Results indicated a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between apical fenestration and tooth position. In the upper teeth, apical fenestrations were notably present in the mesio-buccal (17.17%) and disto-buccal (11.07%) roots of the first molars. Conversely, apical fenestrations in the lower teeth were relatively less frequent. The study revealed a negative correlation between apical fenestration and mesial inclination, rotation, and extrusion in the upper teeth. However, a positive correlation was observed between apical fenestration and lingual inclination in the upper teeth. In conclusion, this study illuminates the distribution of apical fenestration and its correlation with tooth positions, offering insights into factors influencing this defect in dental anatomy. The findings enhance our understanding of nuanced relationships between tooth position and apical fenestration in the upper and lower dental arches.
Alana Barbosa Alves Pinto, Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade, Amjad Abu Hasna, Joyce Rodrigues de Souza, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, and Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Abstract Objectives This study investigated the impact of the remaining coronal tooth structure on the mechanical behavior of nonpost (NP) full crowns on endodontically treated maxillary central incisors. Materials and Methods Forty bovine incisors with NP and 2-mm of ferrule were divided into four groups based on the remaining structure: complete 2-mm ferrule (NP-2), absence of mesial and distal ferrule effect (NP-BL), absence of buccal and lingual ferrule effect (NP-MD), and no ferrule (NP-0). The specimens underwent a stepwise stress fatigue test until fracture occurred, and stress distribution was analyzed using in silico finite element analysis (FEA). Additionally, groups with endodontic posts (P) were simulated in the FEA. Results The results showed that the survival rates varied among the different groups under oblique loading. The NP-2 group exhibited the highest survival rate, with all samples enduring loads up to 200 N and some surviving up to 520 N. The NP-MD and NP-BL groups had lower survival rates, while the NP-0 group had the poorest survival rate. The predominant failure mode was a nonrepairable root fracture. FEA results indicated no significant difference between groups with and without posts. NP intraradicular restorations on nonweakened roots with a minimum height of 2mm and partial or total ferrule thickness of 1mm offer a promising treatment option. Conclusion A complete 2-mm ferrule was found to be the most favorable configuration for NP full crowns. However, maintaining the remaining tissue is crucial, as both combinations with preserved ferrule effect exhibited superior behavior in terms of fatigue and fracture load compared to the group with no ferrule. These findings contribute to understanding the mechanical considerations for NP full crowns and provide insights into treatment planning and design choices in restorative dentistry.
Fernando Antonio Siano dos Reis, Amjad Abu Hasna, Gustavo Ragozzini, Felipe Bernardo de Moura, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos, Alexandre Sigrist de Martin, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, and Carlos Eduardo Silveira Bueno
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of the number of uses and autoclave sterilization on the cyclic fatigue resistance of four replica-like instruments RC Blue; Only One File Blue; Recip One Blue; and Micro Blue compared to the original system Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany). The instruments were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) before being used in root canal instrumentation (baseline). Fifty molars were instrumented by ten instruments (n=10). After sterilization in an autoclave, the instruments were analyzed by SEM. This procedure was repeated twice more using different molars, totaling 3 rounds of instrumentation, sterilization and SEM analysis. Then, ten different instruments from each brand were tested for cyclic fatigue resistance. Number of uses data were analyzed using Chi-squared analysis, and cyclic fatigue data were analyzed by one-way Anova followed by Tukey’s test as the data had normal distribution. The fracture times for all systems had no significant difference, but Micro Blue had significantly lower values than the other systems (p < 0.05). The SEM analysis showed distortions in the instruments after the 3rd use. Therefore, all tested instruments except of Micro Blue have similar resistance to cyclic fatigue, and all are reliable for use in up to 2-cases.
Leonardo Moura Brasil da Rocha Santos, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Carlos Eduardo Rocha Santos, Diego Garcia Miranda, Mariana Gadelho Gimenez, Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Amjad Abu Hasna, Marcela dos Santos Oliveira, Morun Bernardino Neto, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a worldwide health problem and patients in intensive care are more vulnerable, requiring strict control measures and early identification. Currently, clinical culture materials are used to identify the bacterial agent, but saliva culture is not validated, which has great clinical relevance because it participates in several pathophysiological processes. The aim of this study was to validate saliva culture in an intensive care unit environment, determining its diagnostic value for infection. For this purpose, the results of the 39-month surveillance cultures, from the database of a private hospital were evaluated. A total of 323 cultures were paired between saliva, tracheal secretions, blood and urine from patients who were hospitalized for more than 5 days. The search for correlations between the results was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Severity and evolution data were also correlated. It was possible to correlate the presence of Klebsiella spp. between blood culture and saliva culture in 25% of the results (r = 0.01) and the correlation between saliva and tracheal secretion was 33% (r = 0.33447) with p < 0.0001. In conclusion, saliva can be an excellent discriminator of systemic infections, and can be considered a useful culture in clinical practice.
Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Karoline Moura Chagas Martins, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Thaís Cristine Pereira, Raquel Teles de Menezes, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Amjad Abu Hasna, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
MDPI AG
The accumulated dental biofilm can be a source of oral bacteria that are aspirated into the lower respiratory tract causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergistic antibiofilm action of the produced and phytochemically characterized extracts of Cinnamomum verum and Brazilian green propolis (BGP) hydroethanolic extracts against multidrug-resistant clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in addition to their biocompatibility on human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT). For this, High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the plant extracts was performed; then the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the extracts were determined; and antibiofilm activity was evaluated with MTT assay to prevent biofilm formation and to reduce the mature biofilms. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was verified using the MTT colorimetric test, evaluating the cellular enzymatic activity. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests as well as Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests, considering a significance level of 5%. It was possible to identify the cinnamic aldehyde in C. verum and p-coumaric, caffeic, and caffeoylquinic acids as well as flavonoids such as kaempferol and kaempferide and Artepillin-C in BGP. The combined extracts were effective in preventing biofilm formation and reducing the mature biofilms of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Moreover, both extracts were biocompatible in different concentrations. Therefore, C. verum and BGP hydroethanolic extracts have bactericidal and antibiofilm action against multidrug resistant strains of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. In addition, the combined extracts were capable of expressively inhibiting the formation of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa biofilms (prophylactic effect) acting similarly to 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate.
Thaís da Silva Alves Santos, Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Thaís Cristine Pereira, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Amjad Abu Hasna, Marcia Carneiro Valera, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, and Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
MDPI AG
Enterococcus spp. are a common culprit behind the failure of endodontic treatments, primarily due to their notorious resistance to antimicrobial agents. Considering this challenge, this study was conducted to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of a unique blend of hydroalcoholic extracts sourced from Salvia officinalis and Glycyrrhiza glabra against biofilms formed by Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The chemical composition of these plant extracts was rigorously characterized, with primary compound quantification achieved through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) analysis. Additionally, this study determined the minimal bactericidal concentrations of these extracts and evaluated their potential to combat biofilms by quantifying colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). The findings reveal that the simultaneous application of both extracts yielded additive and synergistic effects against E. faecalis and E. faecium, including both ATCC and clinical strains. Impressively, after a 24 h exposure, these extract combinations demonstrated efficacy comparable to that of a 0.12% chlorhexidine solution, establishing a statistically significant difference from the negative control group. Consequently, the concurrent use of these extracts emerges as a promising alternative antimicrobial strategy for addressing Enterococcus spp. in endodontic treatments, holding substantial potential for clinical applications in this context.
Nádia Domingues, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Larissa Marques Pereira, Pâmela Beatriz do Rosário Estevam dos Santos, Liliana Scorzoni, Thaís Cristine Pereira, Amjad Abu Hasna, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Wiley
AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of four herbal plants glycolic extracts over mixed‐species biofilm composed of Candida albicans (C. albicans) and another pathogenic bacterium as alternative therapy to be investigated. Four plants extract of Pfaffia paniculata roots; Hamamelis virginiana leaf, Stryphnodendron barbatiman tree bark and Gymnema sylvestre stem and leaves were tested over multi‐species biofilm of C. albicans (ATCC 18804) and Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35688), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 4083) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) for 5 min and 24 h and colony forming units per millilitre was calculated. The data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn's test (p ≤ 0.05). All tested extracts showed antimicrobial action over the mixed‐species biofilms after 24 h. Some extracts eliminated totally the biofilms. The glycolic extract of P. paniculata, H. virginiana, S. barbatiman and G. sylvestre are effective over mixed‐species biofilms and may be indicated as endodontic irrigant or intracanal medication.
Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Lana Ferreira Santos, Lara Steffany de Carvalho, Clara Bulhões Souza, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Amjad Abu Hasna, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
MDPI AG
Candida spp. cause fungal infection that affects patients’ oral health. This study aimed to evaluate the isolated and synergistic antifungal effect of Rosa centifolia L., Curcuma longa L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Punica granatum L. glycolic extracts against Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei planktonic and biofilm forms. The plant extracts were chemically characterized and the main compounds were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) analysis. The minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations of the extracts were determined, and antibiofilm activity was evaluated by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests, and by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests, considering a significance level of 5%. The main compounds identified in each of the extracts were: p-coumaric acid (2153.22 μg/100 mL) in the rosemary extract, gallotannins (4318.31 μg/100 mL) in the pomegranate extract, quercetin derivatives (3316.50 μg/100 mL) in the extract of white roses, and curcumin (135.09 μg/100 mL) in the turmeric extract. The combination of R. centifolia and C. longa glycolic extracts was effective against C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. tropicalis biofilms over different periods (p < 0.05). The combination of R. officinalis and P. granatum glycolic extracts was effective against C. albicans and C. krusei biofilms after 30 min, and against C. tropicalis after 24 h, with all combinations showing an average reduction of 50% in cell viability (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the combined plant extracts have antifungal and antibiofilm action against Candida spp. in different concentrations and times of action.
Amjad Abu Hasna, Frederico Canato Martinho, Pablo Lenin Benitez Sellan, Camila Reis Pampuri, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, and Cesar Rogério Pucci
Hindawi Limited
This study aimed to evaluate Nd:YAG laser, calcium phosphate, and adhesive system effect as different pretreatments in different protocols on dentin permeability (DP) and bond strength (BS). Fifty human dentin discs were used (4 mm in diameter and 1,5 mm in height). Specimens were divided into five groups (n = 10): (A): adhesive system (control); (AL): adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; (LAL): Nd:YAG laser + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; (PAL): calcium phosphate-based dentin desensitizer TeethMate + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser; and group (PLAL): Nd:YAG laser + calcium phosphate-based dentin desensitizer + adhesive system + Nd:YAG laser. All materials were used according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The specimens were submitted to artificial aging (5,000 thermal cycles and 12 × 104 mechanical cycles) then a bond test was performed. DP was measured using the split chamber model. Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test, RM ANOVA, and Tukey test ( p < 0.05 ). All treatments were effective in DP reduction. For BS, the groups PAL and PLAL had improved BS with a statistically significant difference of the control group (A). Nd:Yag laser irradiation and calcium phosphate-based desensitizing agents significantly reduced DP, and the association between them could improve the BS on resin–human dentin interface.
Maria Angélica de Sá Assis, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Amjad Abu Hasna, Talita Suelen de Queiroz, Thaís Cristine Pereira, Patrícia Michelle Nagai de Lima, Andresa Aparecida Berretta, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
MDPI AG
Green propolis may represent a promising therapeutic alternative against dental anaerobic pathogens because of its antimicrobial action. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm actions of Brazilian green propolis aqueous extract (BGP-AqExt) against dental anaerobic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicide concentration (MMC) of the extract were determined against the standard strains (ATCC) of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas endodontalis. BGP-AqExt was chemically characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. Antibiofilm action was measured by MTT and crystal violet tests. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey (5%) tests. The extract had antimicrobial action against all tested anaerobic bacteria, with an MIC value of 55 mg/mL for all bacteria, an MMC of 27.5 mg/mL for F. nucleatum and P. micra and 55 mg/mL for P. intermedia. Chemically, BGP-AqExt is composed of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic and p-coumaric acid, drupani, kaempferol and Artepillin C. Significant reductions in biomass and metabolic action of biofilms were found after BGP-AqExt application. Therefore, BGP-AqExt has an antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect against dental anaerobic bacteria.
Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Lívia Mara Alves Figueiredo-Godoi, Thaís Cristine Pereira, Patrícia Michelle Nagai de Lima, Amjad Abu Hasna, Lavinia Barbosa Senna, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Juliana Campos Junqueira, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility and antifungal effect of Rosmarinus officinalis against Candida albicans in Galleria mellonella model. Five different concentrations of R. officinalis glycolic extract (50; 25; 12.5 e 6.25 mg/mL) were used to evaluate its biocompatibility in G. mellonella model, in which the nystatin suspension (100; 50; 25; 12.5 e 6.25%) was used as a control group. The antifungal action of R. officinalis glycolic extract was evaluated on C. albicans for 72, 48 and 12 h at two different phases: (1) using the extract as therapeutic agent; and (2) using the extract as prophylactic agent. PBS was used as a negative control group. G. mellonella survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method and statistical analysis was performed using the log-rank test (Mantel–Cox) and the significance level was set at (α ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference among the groups in which all were biocompatible except of a significant death rate of 26.6% with nystatin 100%. In phase 1, it was found that after 7 days, there was no statistically significant difference among the prophylactic treatment groups. In phase 2, the groups of R. officinalis 6.25 mg/mL for 72 h and R. officinalis of 12.5 mg/mL for 24 h promoted the survival rate of the larvae in comparison with the control group with a significant difference (p = 0.017) and (p = 0.032) respectively. Therefore, R. officinalis extract is biocompatible in different concentrations and can be used as a prophylactic agent against fungal infection.
Amjad Abu Hasna, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos, Sergio Lucio Pereira de Castro Lopes, Maisour Ala Rachi, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, and Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractCalcium silicate-based cements have diverse applications in endodontics. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm action, biocompatibility, morphological structure, chemical composition and radiopacity of Five Mineral Oxides (5MO), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Repair High Plasticity (MTA Repair HP), and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) cements. MTT analysis was used to test the antibiofilm action of these cements against five anaerobic microorganisms, and test their biocompatibility with mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) and osteoblasts (MG-63) cultures. Their morphological structure and chemical composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the phase analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Conventional radiography was used to assess the radiopacity of the cements. 5MO, MTA Repair HP and MTA were effective against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia, they were biocompatible with macrophages and osteoblasts after 5 min of contact, and they had adequate radiopacity to be used clinically. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is used as a radiopacifier in MTA and 5MO, and calcium tungstate, in MTA Repair HP. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) (ANATASE) is responsible for the antimicrobial action and biocompatibility of 5MO.
Sabrina Ferreira dos Santos Liberato, Mariana Raquel da Cruz Vegian, Amjad Abu Hasna, Janaína Araújo de Alvarenga, Juliana Guimarães dos Santos, Ítalo Rigotti Pereira Tini, Isabela Amêndola, Juliana Campos Junqueira, and Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity and toxicity of the glycolic extract of Persea americana “P. americana” over multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii “A. baumannii” as alternative therapy to be investigated. Methods A bacterial inoculum of each bacterial strain (4a, 5a, 9a, 12a, ATCC 19606) of A. baumannii was prepared and adjusted by the spectrophotometer. The microdilution broth method was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). P. americana glycolic extracts were obtained of the tree stalk and leaves. The biofilm viability was tested by MTT assay after 5 min exposure. The toxicity of the extracts was tested by invertebrate model Galleria mellonella. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey test and log-rank method (α=0.05). Results The extract showed an inhibitory and bactericidal action over all the tested strains with the lowest MIC value observed for the reference strain (3.12 mg/mL). The extract did not demonstrate toxicity in any of the tested concentrations (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/mL) in Galleria mellonella larvae, with a survival percentage above 80% after 168 h. Conclusions The glycolic extract of P. americana has microbicidal and antibiofilm activity on multidrug-resistant clinical strains of A. baumannii and showed low toxicity for the invertebrate model G. mellonella.
Amjad Abu Hasna, Alana Barbosa Alves Pinto, Marcelle Simões Coelho, Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Sergio Lucio Pereira de Castro Lopes, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, and Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Carlos Henrique Ferrari, , Amjad Abu Hasna, , and
Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Concepcion
Aim: To compare the accuracy of the panoramic radiography with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in measuring the distances between root apexes and the adjacent anatomical structures including the maxillary sinus and the mandibular canal. Material and Methods: A total of 200 CBCT scans (100 maxillary and 100 mandibular) from patients who also had corresponding panoramic radiography were selected. Linear measurements (in mm) presenting centralized image were made between the apexes of the maxillary teeth and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus, and between the apexes of the mandibular teeth and the superior border of the mandibular canal by using specific software for panoramic radiography and the measurements on the coronal sections in CBCT scans. Data were submitted to inferential statistical analysis and Student’s t-test for comparison between measurements. Results: CBCT scans were significantly more accurate than panoramic radiography to measure the distances between the apexes of the maxillary teeth and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus (p<0.05) and between the apexes of the mandibular teeth and the superior border of the mandibular canal or mental foramen (p<0.05). Conclusion: CBCT scans present more accurate measurements than panoramic radiography.
Esteban Isaí Flores Orozco, Amjad Abu Hasna, Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade, Vinícius de Carvalho Machado. Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães, and Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra
Editora Cubo
Thaís da Silva Alves Santos, Amjad Abu Hasna, Ricardo Toledo Abreu, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, and Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Felipe Eduardo de Oliveira, Bárbara Araujo Hatje, Marcia Carneiro Valera, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, and Amjad Abu Hasna
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) on macrophages (RAW 264.7) to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide after pretreatment with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Enterococcus faecalis. Forty-eight human single-rooted teeth were instrumented with R25.08 (RECIPROC) and sterilized by gamma irradiation. LTA was inoculated in the root canal of each specimen for 96 hours. Specimens were instrumented with 40.06 and 50.05 (RECIPROC) and medicated with: I) Pyrogen-free saline solution (SS); II) 2% CHX gel; III) Ca(OH)2 + SS; or IV) Ca(OH)2 + CHX for 14 days. Three samples (S) were performed of the root canal of each specimen at: S1) immediately after instrumentation; S2) after Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); S3) after intracanal medication removal. Subsequent quantification of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IP-10, G-CSF and IL-6) by immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitric oxide by the Griess method was carried-out. Data were submitted to a normality test and then analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test with a significance level of 5% using GraphPad Prism 6. Ca(OH)2 + SS and Ca(OH)2 + CHX presented lower levels of TNF-α, TNF-α, IL-6, G-CSF and nitric oxide. Ca(OH)2 + SS was the most effective in reducing MIP-1α. CHX was effective in reducing IL-6 and G-CSF. Therefore, the combined intracanal medication of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine is effective in reducing the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, G-CSF and nitric oxide.
LEONARDO A. DA SILVA, LUCAS P. RAMOS, TATIANE A. SILVA, SIMONE A.B. DE LAPENA, CARLOS EDUARDO R. SANTOS, AMJAD A. HASNA, ADRIANO BRESSANE, and LUCIANE D. DE OLIVEIRA
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Objective was evaluated the therapeutic effect of Juglans regia (J) and Zingiber officinale (Z) extracts, alone or associated (Z75% + J25%, Z50% + J50% and Z25% + J75%) applied on planktonic cultures and biofilms of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as analyzing the cytotoxic effects of plant extracts on mouse macrophages (Raw 264-7). Broth microdilution assay was performed (M7-A6 - CLSI). Anti-biofilm activities and cytotoxicity on Raw 264-7 were studied using MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD applied for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis with Conover-Iman test, for non-parametric (p<0.05). On P. acnes biofilm, Z50% + J50% reduced 46.9% in 5 min and Z25% + J75% reduced 74.1% in 24hs. On S. aureus, Z75% + J25% reduced 23.1% in 5 min Z25% +J75% reduced 79.4% in 24hs. On S. epidermidis, Z75% + J25% reduced 74.6% in 5 min and 82.05% in 24 h. The treatments on macrophages for 24 h promoted a maximum reduction by 14,5% for groups of extracts associations. On multispecies biofilm, Z75%+J25% reduced 84.3% in 24 h. In conclusion association of glycolic extracts provided therapeutic effect, demonstrated antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity.
Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Larissa de Souza Moura, Juliana Guerra Pinto, Juliana Ferreira-Strixino, Amjad Abu Hasna, Lívia Mara Alves Figueiredo-Godoi, Juliana Campos Junqueira, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Claudio Antonio Talge Carvalho,et al.
Hindawi Limited
Radiotherapy induces a higher level of Candida spp. colonization, resulting in oral candidiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the phototransformation potential of the glycolic extract of Curcuma longa (C. longa); the antifungal activity of C. longa, curcumin, and antifungal photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with blue light-emitting diodes “LED” on Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis in vitro; and the toxicity of C. longa and curcumin in Galleria mellonella model. In order to confirm the light absorption capacity of the C. longa extract, its phototransformation potential was evaluated. The antifungal effect of C. longa, curcumin, and aPDT was evaluated over Candida spp. Finally, the toxicity of C. longa and curcumin was evaluated on the Galleria mellonella model. The data were analyzed using the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software considering α = 5%. It was found that C. longa, curcumin, and aPDT using blue LED have an antifungal effect over C. albicans and C. tropicalis. The extract of C. longa 100 mg/mL and curcumin 200 μg/mL do not show toxicity on Galleria mellonella model.
Amjad Abu Hasna, Ana Luisa Theodoro, Larissa Marques Pereira, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos, Maisour Ala Rachi, Talal Al-Nahalwi, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, and Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
Hindawi Limited
This study is aimed at evaluating five mineral oxides (5MO), mineral trioxide aggregate repair high plasticity (MTA HP), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in relation to the antimicrobial action over Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia; the genotoxicity over mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) and osteoblast (Mg-63) cultures; and the morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis (50 k and ×100 k). Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), calcium hydroxide, and saline solution were used as control groups in the different analysis. All data were submitted to a normality test and then analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Tukey, and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests, considering α ≤ 0.05 significance level. It was found that over P. gingivalis and P. endodontalis, there was no a significant difference between the calcium silicate-based cements (CSC) and the control group of saline solution, and only 5MO was similar to the NaOCl group. However, over P. micra, all groups were effective and showed a statistically significant difference compared to the saline solution group. Conversely, none of the groups were effective over F. nucleatum and P. intermedia, except of the NaOCl group. There was a significant difference between 5MO and MTA groups in comparison with NaOCl and MTA HP over osteoblasts and macrophages after 24 hours. SEM images showed small irregular particles interspersed with some elongated needle-like particles and small irregular particles with some larger particles as well as elongated particles. It was concluded that 5MO, MTA, and MTA HP have effective antimicrobial action over P. micra. However, only 5MO is effective over P. gingivalis and P. endodontalis. Besides, 5MO and MTA are not genotoxic over mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) and osteoblast (Mg-63) cultures.
Ahmad Al-Abdullah, Samer Edris, Amjad Abu Hasna, Lara Steffany de Carvalho, and Talal Al-Nahlawi
Hindawi Limited
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Aloe vera and chlorhexidine “CHX” as disinfectants on the success of selective caries removal technique in deep carious lesions. A total of 60 patients with: (I) deep class II carious lesion diagnosed with reversible pulpitis; (II) good oral hygiene; (III) no gingival recession or periodontal diseases; (IV) no antibiotic or antifungal treatment in the last three months; and (V) no systematic disease or pregnancy were included in the study. Sixty patients were distributed randomly to three experimental groups (n = 20): Group 1: no disinfectant solution was applied (control group); group 2: the cavity was filled with 2% CHX for 5 mins and then dried with a sterilized cotton pellet; group 3: the cavity was filled with Aloe vera extract for 5 mins and then dried with sterilized cotton pellet. One week later, only teeth with vital pulp characteristics were restored definitely with resin composite. After 18 months, clinical and radiographic examination was performed by using a blinded separated evaluator. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the chi-square test by SPSS 13.0 with a significance level (p≤0.05). It was observed that 13 teeth of the control group, 14 teeth of the CHX group, and 16 teeth of the Aloe vera group were diagnosed with healthy vital pulp after 18 months. There was no significant difference between the CHX and the control group; however, there was a significant difference between the Aloe vera and control group (p≤0.007). Aloe vera extract as a cavity disinfectant increases the success rate of selective caries removal technique of deep carious lesions.
Amjad Abu Hasna, Jaiane Bandoli Monteiro, Ricardo Toledo Abreu, Wanessa Camillo, Amanda Guedes Nogueira Matuda, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Cesar Rogério Pucci, and Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
Hindawi Limited
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on dissolving the organic tissue inside simulated internal root resorption (IRR) using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine (CHX). A total of 40 human lower premolars were collected based on dimensional and morphological similarities. The roots were embedded in cylinders (3 cm diameter; 2.5 cm height) of self-cured acrylic resin, and then an IRR was simulated. The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to irrigation protocols: group 1: CHX + PUI; group 2: CHX; group 3: NaOCl + PUI; group 4: NaOCl. The total irrigation time was 150 s at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. A tissue mass of porcine palatine mucosa was used to simulate the organic tissue, it was weighed before and after the irrigation using an analytic balance, and the difference between both readings was calculated and transferred to percentage values. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA (factors: irrigant type and with/without PUI) and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons among the experimental groups (α = 0.05). There was a significant difference in both factors (irrigant: p = 0.04 ; PUI: p ≤ 0.001 ). The groups that used PUI were more effective in dissolving the organic tissue of the IRR simulation than the groups without PUI. PUI is more effective than the syringe and needle irrigation in organic tissue dissolution.
Talal Al-Nahlawi, Maisour Ala Rachi, and Amjad Abu Hasna
Hindawi Limited
Endodontic perforations are common accidents that occasionally happen as a result of misuse or difficult anatomy of some teeth; it may lead to teeth loss unless a good management is provided. Bioceramic (silicate-based) cements like mineral trioxide aggregate have a big role in management of such accidents. This case report aimed to evaluate the ability of five mineral oxides cement “5MO” in sealing two root canal perforations (furcation and postdrill perforations) and inducing clinical and radiographic healing in the periodontal tissues with/without the use of collagen sponge matrix. A 58-year-old healthy female was referred to our dental office complaining of severe pain in the upper left premolars’ region. Periapical radiographic examination revealed unsatisfactory root canal treatment of the teeth #24 and #25 with a furcation perforation and a postdrill perforation, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomography “CBCT” scans confirmed the findings of the periapical radiography and revealed the presence of radiolucent lesions surrounding the apex of both teeth #24 and #25. The treatment plan was a nonsurgical root canal retreatment by endodontic access through the full-ceramic crowns. After three years of follow-up, CBCT scans revealed a complete healing and bone formation on both premolars. This case report indicates the use of 5MO cement for endodontic perforations management.