PRADYUMNA G R

@nmamit.nitte.edu.in

Assistant Professor
Nitte Mahalinga Adyanthaya Memorial Institute of Technology

PRADYUMNA G R


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https://researchid.co/pradyumnabhat_nitte

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Electrical and Electronic Engineering
16

Scopus Publications

168

Scholar Citations

5

Scholar h-index

3

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Fall Detection Framework - A Study of Optimized Neural Network and Ensemble Classifiers with Feature Explainability
    Roopa B Hegde, Pradyumna G R, P Dhakshak
    Proceedings of the 2026 International Conference on AI Driven Smart Systems and Ubiquitous Computing Icauc 2026, 2026
    Falls constitute a leading cause of injury specially among the elderly population, which necessitates automated high precision systems. The present study proposes an automated fall detection system integrating edge device with explainable machine learning models. Tri-axial accelerometer data from smartphone representing six activities namely fall, jump, run, sit, sleep and walk was acquired, and spectral features were extracted using a 4000 ms window to capture movement patterns. Top twenty significant features were selected employing ‘ReliefF’ algorithm to train Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Neural Network classifiers, optimized using Bayesian optimization for hyperparameter tuning. The optimized Neural Network outperformed achieving accuracy of 99.14% and a recall of 98.26%. Further, explainable AI was employed to validate the models for reliability and clinical trust on relevant features. These findings indicate that spectral feature extraction combined with optimized machine learning models are effective, for real-time fall detection and suitable for edge deployment.
  • From Signals to Automated System: Seizure Detection Using Time–Frequency EEG Features: An Experimental Investigation
    Abhishek Sathyendran, Ankith P. Shetty, Roopa B. Hegde, G. R. Pradyumna
    Time Frequency Analysis in Biomedical Engineering Contemporary Methods and Applications, 2026
    An epileptic seizure is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain, causing temporary disruptions in normal brain function. It can manifest as convulsions, loss of consciousness, altered senses, or involuntary movements. Seizures vary in intensity, duration, and symptoms, affecting individuals differently based on their type and severity, often detected through an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis. Hence, accurate and real-time detection is crucial for enhancing effectiveness. This experimental study presents machine learning (ML) based seizure detection integrated with a Raspberry Pi module for real-time applications. ML models such as random forest (RF), support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbour are employed and trained on the time-domain, frequency-domain, autoregressive model, and wavelet-based features extracted from the CHB-MIT EEG database. The RF model outperformed with an accuracy of 94% and precision and recall rates of 0.94 and 0.95, respectively. The system also incorporates a technique to alert caregivers upon seizure detection, reducing the need for continuous monitoring, especially in standard cases. This initiative contributes to the understanding of epilepsy signal patterns, aiding in the development of targeted treatments tailored to individual patient needs. Further, this can be extended for real-time detection in tertiary centres and telemedicine applications.
  • Transforming patient management: a study on secure, cost-effective, automated remote monitoring of urine bags
    Anil Kumar Bhat, G. R. Pradyumna, K. B. Bommegowda, Roopa B. Hegde, Swathi Prabhu
    Scientific Reports, 2025
    The increasing demand for efficient patient monitoring systems in healthcare and the growing need for remote monitoring, particularly post-pandemic, emphasise the importance of tracking critical parameters such as urine output, blood oxygen saturation, breath rate, and blood pressure. Urine output, a key indicator of kidney function and medical treatment response, is traditionally assessed manually, posing a significant burden on hospital staff and caregivers. Addressing this, our system facilitates continuous, accurate monitoring of urine output, enhancing patient care and healthcare efficiency. We developed a smartphone application leveraging capacitive sensors and a Wi-Fi-enabled control unit, enabling remote monitoring of urine bag volumes. The system alerts when bags are empty for extended periods or full, this is validated through experiments with volumes ranging from 100 to 1000 mL.The corresponding variations in sensor output voltage confirmed the accuracy of the system. To secure patient data, we incorporated AES-256 encryption with dynamic key generation using patient-specific IDs and OTP-based access control, ensuring data privacy and compliance with healthcare regulations. Our approach offers several advantages: ease of attachment to standard urine bags, non-invasiveness, reusability of bags, and remote monitoring through the mobile application. This innovation automates urine output monitoring, secures patient data, reduces the workload of intensive care nurses, and enhances patient care through precise and continuous monitoring. Unlike existing devices that rely on customised containers or short-range Bluetooth transmission, our system is compatible with standard urine bags, employs cost-effective capacitive copper-tape sensors, and integrates AES-256 encryption with dynamic key generation and OTP-based access control for robust data security. These unique features make the system functionally novel, technically secure, and highly practical for deployment in both hospital and home settings.
  • Integration of IoT and Embedded Systems for Rider Safety and Security
    Bommegowda K B, Pradyumna G R, Gajanana Pai K, Abhishek Shet
    International Conference on Computing Intelligence and Application Ciacon 2025, 2025
    With the increasing number of road accidents and vehicle thefts, ensuring the safety and security of two-wheeler riders has become a significant concern. This paper presents a comprehensive system that integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems to enhance rider safety and vehicle security. The proposed design incorporates real-time monitoring using sensors to detect parameters such as helmet usage, alcohol consumption, and accident impact. Additionally, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) modules are embedded to enable location tracking and emergency alerts. The system prevents ignition if safety criteria are not met, thereby enforcing responsible riding behaviour. Cloud connectivity ensures data logging and remote access through a mobile application, enabling family members or authorities to receive alerts in critical situations. The fusion of IoT with embedded hardware offers a scalable, cost-effective, and reliable solution that not only safeguards the rider but also contributes to the development of intelligent transportation systems.
  • Revolutionizing Dental Treatment Through IoT Integrated Force Sensors: Design and Calibration
    Chaithra Salian, Prakyath Shetty, Charishma Shetty, Durga Prasad, G. R. Pradyumna, K. B. Bommegowda, M. S. Ravi, P. S. Murali
    Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2025
  • Enhancing blue-green infrastructure with smart technology: Cybersecurity and iot integration in urban development
    Pradyumna G. R., Roopa B. Hegde
    Integrating Blue Green Infrastructure into Urban Development, 2024
    Urbanisation is rapidly transforming cities across the globe, especially in India, where urban areas are expanding at an unprecedented pace. This growth brings challenges such as environmental degradation, water scarcity, flooding, and increased pollution. To tackle these issues, urban planners are adopting sustainable development strategies like blue-green infrastructure (BGI), which integrates water management (blue) and vegetation (green) to create resilient and liveable urban environments. The integration of smart technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) into BGI offers innovative solutions for efficient monitoring and management of urban ecosystems. Smart sensors and devices enable real-time data collection and analysis, leading to better decision-making and resource optimisation. However, this technological advancement introduces cybersecurity concerns that must be addressed to protect data integrity and ensure the reliability of urban systems. This article delves into the technical aspects of enhancing BGI with smart technology, explores the role of IoT integration, discusses cybersecurity challenges, and provides suggestions for successful implementation, including emerging technologies like energy harvesting and digital twin frameworks for real-time optimization.
  • Recent Innovations in Footwear and the Role of Smart Footwear in Healthcare—A Survey
    Pradyumna G. Rukmini, Roopa B. Hegde, Bommegowda K. Basavarajappa, Anil Kumar Bhat, Amit N. Pujari, Gaetano D. Gargiulo, Upul Gunawardana, Tony Jan, Ganesh R. Naik
    Sensors, 2024
    Smart shoes have ushered in a new era of personalised health monitoring and assistive technologies. Smart shoes leverage technologies such as Bluetooth for data collection and wireless transmission, and incorporate features such as GPS tracking, obstacle detection, and fitness tracking. As the 2010s unfolded, the smart shoe landscape diversified and advanced rapidly, driven by sensor technology enhancements and smartphones’ ubiquity. Shoes have begun incorporating accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure sensors, significantly improving the accuracy of data collection and enabling functionalities such as gait analysis. The healthcare sector has recognised the potential of smart shoes, leading to innovations such as shoes designed to monitor diabetic foot ulcers, track rehabilitation progress, and detect falls among older people, thus expanding their application beyond fitness into medical monitoring. This article provides an overview of the current state of smart shoe technology, highlighting the integration of advanced sensors for health monitoring, energy harvesting, assistive features for the visually impaired, and deep learning for data analysis. This study discusses the potential of smart footwear in medical applications, particularly for patients with diabetes, and the ongoing research in this field. Current footwear challenges are also discussed, including complex construction, poor fit, comfort, and high cost.
  • Third Eye - A Compact Wearable Device and Dedicated Android App for Disabled Senior Citizens and Patients
    P. Dhakshak, Alastair Bill Veigas, K. Anudeep, G. R. Pradyumna, Roopa B. Hegde
    2024 International Conference on Electrical Electronics and Computing Technologies Iceect 2024, 2024
    Falls constitute a prevalent cause of hospitalization and injury among the elderly population, often resulting in severe debilitation and ranking as the primary contributor to unintentional injuries in this demographic. Given the impracticality of constant manual monitoring, a pressing need arises to enhance response times following a fall incident. To address this imperative, we present a wearable device to gather data from an integrated accelerometer within the user’s body, enabling highly precise automated fall detection. The envisaged device can be comfortably worn on either the wrist or arm, affording users a discreet and less stigmatizing option while necessitating the implementation of an efficient fall detection algorithm to ensure optimal performance. To promptly signal the occurrence of falls, a dedicated alarm system is seamlessly integrated into the patient’s environment. At the same time, a user-friendly application stands ready to deliver swift assistance, thus mitigating the potential for severe consequences. By deploying this wearable technology, we aim to preemptively avert adverse scenarios and expedite assistance in the event of a fall. In summary, the proposed wearable device emerges as a promising fall detection and prevention solution, underscoring the significance of continuous monitoring and rapid response times in mitigating fall-related injuries among elderly individuals.
  • Empowering Healthcare with IoMT: Evolution, Machine Learning Integration, Security, and Interoperability Challenges
    G. R. Pradyumna, Roopa B. Hegde, K. B. Bommegowda, Tony Jan, Ganesh R. Naik
    IEEE Access, 2024
    The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the subset of the Internet of Things (IoT) that connects multiple medical devices, collect information/data from devices, and transmits and process data in real-time. IoMT is crucial for increasing electronic device accuracy, reliability, and productivity in the healthcare industry. IoMT has emerged as a next-generation bio-analytical tool that converges network-linked biomedical devices with relevant software applications for advancing human health. Adapting IoMT and associated technologies has fixed several problems using telemedicine, remote monitoring, sensors, robotics, etc. However, adopting IoMT technologies for a large population is challenging due to extensive data management, privacy, security, upgradation, scalability, etc. Although significant research has been carried out in this domain, identifying emerging trends and highlighting the technological advancement and challenges within IoMT is required for its success. Moreover, it will aid policymakers, scientists, healthcare practitioners, and researchers to measure the pertinence of IoMT in healthcare sectors more efficiently. This review discusses the evolution of IoMT, Machine Learning Integration, Security, and interoperability challenges of IoMT devices.
  • Smart Insole Design for Foot Pressure Monitoring
    Snevin Leoneel Dsouza, T. Tushar Shenoy, Sourabh Shenoy, G. R. Pradyumna, Anil Kumar Bhat, Roopa B. Hegde
    Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2024
  • Harnessing Flexiforce Sensors for Enhanced Data Collection and Analysis in Dental Applications
    Prakyath Shetty, Chaithra Salian, M. S. Ravi, Durga Prasad, P. S. Murali, K. B. Bommegowda, G. R. Pradyumna
    Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2024
  • A Novel End-to-End Secure System for Automatic Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia
    K.C. Narendra, G.R. Pradyumna, Roopa B. Hegde
    Biomedical Signal Processing A Modern Approach, 2023
  • Design and Development of Internet of Things Based Autonomous Boat for Aquatic Weed Inhibition and Water Quality Assessment
    Shailendra S, Joshil Melita Saldanha, Pradyumna G. R, Bommegowda K. B, Roopa B. Hegde
    International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems, 2023
  • Role of 5G Networks in Healthcare Management System
    Durga Prasad, Vidya Kudva, Ashish Singh, Roopa B. Hegde, Pradyumna Gopalakrishna Rukmini
    Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 2023
  • An approach for indoor location estimation to the visually challenged using light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology
    Marita Miranda, G. R. Pradyumna
    Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Smart Technology for Smart Nation Smarttechcon 2017, 2018
  • Object sorting using image processing
    Rahul Vijay Soans, G.R. Pradyumna, Yohei Fukumizu
    2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics Information and Communication Technology Rteict 2018 Proceedings, 2018

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Fall Detection Framework-A Study of Optimized Neural Network and Ensemble Classifiers with Feature Explainability
    RB Hegde, GR Pradyumna, P Dhakshak
    2026 International Conference on AI-Driven Smart Systems and Ubiquitous … , 2026
    2026
  • A System for Bite Force Measurement and a Calibrating Method Thereof
    P Shetty, Dr M S Ravi, Dr Durgaprasad, Dr Murali, Dr Bommegowda K B ...
    IN Patent App. 202,411,052,526 , 2026
    2026
  • Transforming patient management: a study on secure, cost-effective, automated remote monitoring of urine bags
    AK Bhat, GR Pradyumna, KB Bommegowda, RB Hegde, S Prabhu
    Scientific Reports 15 (1), 40208 , 2025
    2025
  • Optimised circuit design for precise bite force measurement using flexiforce sensors
    P Shetty, R MS, M PS, D Prasad, P GR, B KB
    Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology 49 (8), 344-354 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 1
  • A SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC MONITORING OF ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT OF A BIOLOGICAL JOINT
    CS Rashmi, Raghunandan, Radhika, Anwitha, Pradyumna, Sairam
    IN Patent App. 202541067844 A , 2025
    2025
  • Integration of IoT and Embedded Systems for Rider Safety and Security
    KB Bommegowda, GR Pradyumna, K Gajanana Pai
    2025 International Conference on Computing, Intelligence, and Application … , 2025
    2025
  • Enhancing Blue-Green Infrastructure With Smart Technology: Cybersecurity and IoT Integration in Urban Development
    RBH Pradyumna G. R.
    IGI Global, 183-193 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 2
  • Harnessing Flexiforce Sensors for Enhanced Data Collection and Analysis in Dental Applications
    P Shetty, C Salian, MS Ravi, D Prasad, PS Murali, KB Bommegowda, ...
    International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Electronics, IoT … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Smart Insole Design for Foot Pressure Monitoring
    SL Dsouza, T Tushar Shenoy, S Shenoy, GR Pradyumna, AK Bhat, ...
    International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Electronics, IoT … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Revolutionizing Dental Treatment Through IoT Integrated Force Sensors: Design and Calibration
    C Salian, P Shetty, C Shetty, D Prasad, GR Pradyumna, ...
    International Conference on Intelligent Systems in Computing and … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Third Eye–A Compact Wearable Device and Dedicated Android App for Disabled Senior Citizens and Patients
    P Dhakshak, AB Veigas, K Anudeep, GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde
    2024 International Conference on Electrical Electronics and Computing … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • A MOBILE-APP BASED INTRAVENOUS FLUID FLOW CONTROL AND MONITORING IOT SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF
    BKB Roopa B Hegde, Pradyumna G R, Anil Kumar Bhat
    IN Patent App. 202,441,011,841 , 2024
    2024
  • Recent innovations in footwear and the role of smart footwear in healthcare—a survey
    PG Rukmini, RB Hegde, BK Basavarajappa, AK Bhat, AN Pujari, ...
    Sensors 24 (13), 4301 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 30
  • Empowering healthcare with IoMT: Evolution, machine learning integration, security, and interoperability challenges
    GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde, KB Bommegowda, T Jan, GR Naik
    IEEE Access 12, 20603-20623 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 94
  • Design and Development of Internet of Things based Autonomous Boat for Aquatic Weed Inhibition and Water Quality Assessment
    RBH Shailendra S, Joshil Melita Saldanha , Pradyumna G. R , Bommegowda K. B
    International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems 14 (1), 10423−10431 , 2023
    2023
  • 6 A Novel End-to-End
    KC Narendra, GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde
    Biomedical Signal Processing: A Modern Approach, 139 , 2023
    2023
  • SELF-CHARGING AUTONOMOUS BOAT FOR AQUATIC WEED INHIBITION AND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
    M Pradyumna, Roopa B Hegde, Bommegowda K B
    IN Patent App. 202,341,035,071 , 2023
    2023
  • Urine bag with remote output monitoring capability
    VK Pradyumna G R, Bommegowda K B, Roopa B Hegde, Anil Kumar Bhat, Durgaprasad
    IN Patent App. 202,241,036,257 , 2023
    2023
  • A Novel End-to-End Secure System for Automatic Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia
    KC Narendra, GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde
    Biomedical Signal Processing, 139-148 , 2023
    2023
  • Role of 5g networks in healthcare management system
    D Prasad, V Kudva, A Singh, RB Hegde, PG Rukmini
    Critical Reviews™ in Biomedical Engineering 51 (5) , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 6

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Empowering healthcare with IoMT: Evolution, machine learning integration, security, and interoperability challenges
    GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde, KB Bommegowda, T Jan, GR Naik
    IEEE Access 12, 20603-20623 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 94
  • Recent innovations in footwear and the role of smart footwear in healthcare—a survey
    PG Rukmini, RB Hegde, BK Basavarajappa, AK Bhat, AN Pujari, ...
    Sensors 24 (13), 4301 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 30
  • Object Sorting using Image Processing
    YF Rahul Vijay Soans, Pradyumna G R
    IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information … , 2018
    2018
    Citations: 17
  • Role of 5g networks in healthcare management system
    D Prasad, V Kudva, A Singh, RB Hegde, PG Rukmini
    Critical Reviews™ in Biomedical Engineering 51 (5) , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 6
  • Comparison of MD5 and Blowfish Algorithm
    P Deepthi
    International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and … , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 6
  • Transform Domain Techniques for Image Steganography
    P Vaishali
    National Conference on Advanced Innovation in Engineering and Technology … , 2015
    2015
    Citations: 5
  • An approach for indoor location estimation to the visually challenged using light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology
    M Miranda, GR Pradyumna
    2017 international conference on smart technologies for smart nation … , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 3
  • Enhancing Blue-Green Infrastructure With Smart Technology: Cybersecurity and IoT Integration in Urban Development
    RBH Pradyumna G. R.
    IGI Global, 183-193 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 2
  • Optimised circuit design for precise bite force measurement using flexiforce sensors
    P Shetty, R MS, M PS, D Prasad, P GR, B KB
    Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology 49 (8), 344-354 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 1
  • Harnessing Flexiforce Sensors for Enhanced Data Collection and Analysis in Dental Applications
    P Shetty, C Salian, MS Ravi, D Prasad, PS Murali, KB Bommegowda, ...
    International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Electronics, IoT … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Smart Insole Design for Foot Pressure Monitoring
    SL Dsouza, T Tushar Shenoy, S Shenoy, GR Pradyumna, AK Bhat, ...
    International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Electronics, IoT … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Revolutionizing Dental Treatment Through IoT Integrated Force Sensors: Design and Calibration
    C Salian, P Shetty, C Shetty, D Prasad, GR Pradyumna, ...
    International Conference on Intelligent Systems in Computing and … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Third Eye–A Compact Wearable Device and Dedicated Android App for Disabled Senior Citizens and Patients
    P Dhakshak, AB Veigas, K Anudeep, GR Pradyumna, RB Hegde
    2024 International Conference on Electrical Electronics and Computing … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 1
  • Fall Detection Framework-A Study of Optimized Neural Network and Ensemble Classifiers with Feature Explainability
    RB Hegde, GR Pradyumna, P Dhakshak
    2026 International Conference on AI-Driven Smart Systems and Ubiquitous … , 2026
    2026
  • A System for Bite Force Measurement and a Calibrating Method Thereof
    P Shetty, Dr M S Ravi, Dr Durgaprasad, Dr Murali, Dr Bommegowda K B ...
    IN Patent App. 202,411,052,526 , 2026
    2026
  • Transforming patient management: a study on secure, cost-effective, automated remote monitoring of urine bags
    AK Bhat, GR Pradyumna, KB Bommegowda, RB Hegde, S Prabhu
    Scientific Reports 15 (1), 40208 , 2025
    2025
  • A SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC MONITORING OF ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT OF A BIOLOGICAL JOINT
    CS Rashmi, Raghunandan, Radhika, Anwitha, Pradyumna, Sairam
    IN Patent App. 202541067844 A , 2025
    2025
  • Integration of IoT and Embedded Systems for Rider Safety and Security
    KB Bommegowda, GR Pradyumna, K Gajanana Pai
    2025 International Conference on Computing, Intelligence, and Application … , 2025
    2025
  • A MOBILE-APP BASED INTRAVENOUS FLUID FLOW CONTROL AND MONITORING IOT SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF
    BKB Roopa B Hegde, Pradyumna G R, Anil Kumar Bhat
    IN Patent App. 202,441,011,841 , 2024
    2024
  • Design and Development of Internet of Things based Autonomous Boat for Aquatic Weed Inhibition and Water Quality Assessment
    RBH Shailendra S, Joshil Melita Saldanha , Pradyumna G. R , Bommegowda K. B
    International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems 14 (1), 10423−10431 , 2023
    2023