raikhan.sadykova@gmail.com
@kaznu.edu.kz
History
Al-Farabi Kazakh National university
EDUCATION
Higher
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
History, Arts and Humanities
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scopus Publications
Kalkaman Tursynovich Zhumagulov and Raikhan Onalbayevna Sadykova
Canadian Center of Science and Education
In-depth study of the history of Central Asia and Eurasia from antiquity to the present day should become one of the most important tasks of world history in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The IV-VII centuries were recorded in the history of Eurasia and Europe as the era of the Great Migration. The Great Migration was a turning point in world history, the foundation of which was laid by the Hunnish tribal union moving from the depths of Central Asia to the western parts of the European continent. Studying and teaching the history of the Huns in terms of the interrelation between world and national history is of great theoretical and practical significance for university education. Additionally, in the history of Europe and Eurasia, world history specialists should start a systematic study of the long-standing problems of the Turkic world history of this period. First of all, it is the history of the Avarian Kaganate of the VI-VIII centuries, the Turkic speaking Avars, who came from the Eurasian steppes to the Huns’ former settlements in Pannonia. There is a need for an objective exposition of the history of the West and the East during the period of the Crusades. Historians should also study the history of the Golden Horde, which originally was part of the great Mongol Empire, in detail. In this regard, this article is an attempt to define the major issues of Eurasian history which are considered to be problems of world history too.
Bazarbayev Kanat Kaldybekovich, Tursun Hazret, and Sadykova Raikhan
Canadian Center of Science and Education
This article throws light upon the history of the national-progressive movement of the late 19th and early 20th century, which is called Jadidism. The history of Jadidism and its evolution from enlightenment to a powerful political movement can be retraced in it. Jadidism became an alternative form of the intellectual renewal of Muslim society. The beginning of the movement was connected with the introduction of the phonetics, so called “usul-i jadid”, method of teaching reading and writing instead of letter and syllabic one in maktabs and madrasas, that is a new method. The Jadids criticized religious fanaticism, required the substitution of obsolete religious schools for national secular ones, advocated the development of science and culture, supported the publishing of newspapers in the native language, the opening of cultural and educational establishments, which favoured the consolidation of the democratic forces of the society.From the very beginning the Jadids were aimed to the reform of the traditional system of education of Muslim religious school, establishing new-method schools, publishing, theatre, social, and political and cultural institutions, which, under their influence, were turning into a powerful ideological weapon in the struggle against economical, moral, and political backwardness of the peoples of Turkestan more and more. They were eager to study the experience and progress of the other people of the world, especially the best practices of the Muslim reformers of the Crimea, the Volga Region, the Transcaucasia, Turkey, and Iran, who had already became aware of the progressive social and political, spiritual and cultural life of Europe.The main merit of the Jadids of Turkestan consists in the fact that they were the first to ground political arguments of the national liberation movement against Russian colonialism. The national elite of Turkestan discredited the ‘legitimacy’ of the colonial form of government, and later it served as the basis of a powerful political movement.