Edgar Vicente Rojas Reinoso
@ups.edu.ec
Universidad Politécnica Salesiana
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Edgar Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, Karen Morales-Chauca, Jandry Lara-Lara, José Antonio Soriano, and Reyes García-Contreras
MDPI AG
The present research analyses the injection rate of a direct rail injection diesel engine, focusing specifically on the influence of the nozzles and various operating conditions from real road tests on the rate of injection. A diesel injector test bench was used for feedback with real data from the test vehicle under real road conditions. An analysis of the behaviour of the injection rate was carried out using the zero-dimensional model. This model generated a predictive model that incorporated the five variables identified through a developed multivariate analysis of variance, showing a high correlation of dependence between variations in injection pressure, the diameter of the holes, and the number of holes with greater representativeness. The results obtained showed that the nozzle geometry and the physical properties of the fuel had a direct effect on the injection rate. This analysis enriches the understanding of fuel injection and its effects on diesel engine performance by providing an analysis of the system components that influence the injection rate and generating a simple tool to feed thermodynamic diagnostic models. The proposal model may be used as an input in thermodynamics predictive models and reduce the simulation load in computational fluid dynamics predictive models.
Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, Carmen Mata, Jose Antonio Soriano, and Octavio Armas
MDPI AG
This paper presents a fuel injection rate predictive model based on zero-dimensional correlations from experimental results. This model estimates the fuel injection rate behavior with varying parameters such as fuel injection pressure-injector energizing, the injection nozzle geometrical characteristics, and fuel viscosity. The model approach was carried out with diesel fuel. Then, the model was applied to the use of two alternative low-carbon fuels without diesel. An experimental methodology was used under controlled conditions, employing an injection rate indicator to measure the injection parameters in real time. The setup was carried out on a pump test bench using a common rail injection system. The results show that the model can be adapted to different injection conditions and fuels.
Christian Farinango-Herrera, Joshebet Zambrano-Ramón, and Edgar Vicente Rojas-Reinoso
MDPI AG
This study focuses on the detailed analysis of exhaust emissions from multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) engines by manipulating the injection parameters through a programmable electronic control unit. In addition, tests are carried out using different generations of catalytic converters and checking that their working temperature is correct using a thermographic camera, verifying operation, to evaluate their effect on emission reduction. Detailed comparisons of the results between these configurations will allow the identification of the combination that reduces emissions the most without compromising engine efficiency and performance. This research aims to promote a more sustainable approach in the automotive sector by properly configuring systems, but also by demonstrating the technical robustness of their application in vehicles. It has also helped to verify that varying injection and ignition parameters help to fine-tune fuel injection, resulting in efficient combustion. Combining this variation with catalytic converters has further reduced exhaust pollutants.
Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, Stalin Duque-Escobar, Christian Guapulema-Guapulema, and José Antonio Soriano
MDPI AG
The current study is focused on how varying injection pressure in the fuel supply system of multi-point injection systems can improve fuel atomization and injection jet range. The aim is to achieve a more efficient mix dosage, thus improving combustion and reducing exhaust emissions. In addition, it is intended to develop a characterization of the injection actuators, specifically the injectors, through a series of tests in which the injector pressure, engine speed and injection pulse are modified. To carry out these tests, a heuristic testing technique, like the empirical approach, was implemented, and a mobile device was used to capture the spray frames of the injectors. These data were then used to generate a correlation model between injection and spray angles, considering 0.5 bar pressure variation intervals within the established ranges. This approach made it possible to visualize and record the behavior of the spray in the injector, including the spray angle, the injected fuel flow rate and the working pressure during the operation process. Following the guidelines established in the proposed methodology, a significant result was obtained by varying the pressure at 5 bar and with an injection pulse of 2 ms. In this case, a flow reduction of 66 mL of the injected fluid was achieved, which corresponds to a significant reduction in fuel consumption. Additionally, a spray angle of 10.48° was observed with optimized atomization. These results were verified on vehicles with similar injection systems by testing on the GT-600-PRO injection test bench. In summary, this study shows that by varying the injection pressure and optimizing other parameters, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in fuel consumption and improve fuel atomization in multipoint injection systems. These findings have a significant impact on the Ecuadorian vehicle fleet and provide a scientific approach to improving fuel efficiency and performance.
Carmen Mata, Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, and José A. Soriano
Elsevier BV
Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, Janko Alvarez-Loor, Henrry Zambrano-Becerra, and José Antonio Soriano
MDPI AG
In the present investigation, the behavior of fuel consumption was studied due to the high cost of gasoline and its price increase in Ecuador in recent years, for which reason the different mixtures have been studied to obtain lower consumption. The optimum fuel mixture rate for a T18SED e-tec II engine, Multiport Electronic Fuel Injection System (MPFI) between extra gasoline, super gasoline, and ethanol was obtained on two urban roads in the city of Quito (Ecuador). For the first test, mixtures of 10% super gasoline and 90% extra gasoline were made, and so on, for the following tests: (20–80), (30–70), (40–60), (50–50), (60–40), (70–30), (80–20), and (90–10) % super and extra gasoline. Then, mixtures between super gasoline and ethanol and extra gasoline and ethanol with concentrations of 5% and 10% were made. The results showed a low consumption on Maldonado Avenue with the 20% extra and 80% super mixtures obtaining a value of 2.9 L, while the mixture that presented a higher consumption was 100% extra of 3.4 L. At the end of each test, the fuel tank was completely drained, and the engine control unit (ECU) was reset for each test. The data acquisition was carried out through an OBD II (on-board diagnostic system) installed in each of the tests.
Vicente Rojas-Reinoso, Johnny Pancha-Ramos, Vicente Romero-Hidalgo, Jorge Martinez-Coral, and Ivan Zambrano-Orejuela
Insight Society
Edgar Vicente Rojas Reinoso, Vicente Javier Romero Hidalgo, and Johnny Marcelo Pancha Ramos
Salesian Polytechnic University of Ecuador
El análisis del comportamiento de emisiones de CO, CO2 sirve para determinar el comportamiento del ciclo de trabajo del motor, además de la verificación de la gráfica del factor lambda, para lo cual se realiza el estudio de la importancia de un catalizador porque en algunas ocasiones los propietarios de los vehículos deciden eliminar el convertidor catalítico de la línea de salida de los gases combustionados del motor y así circulan por las vías del Ecuador desconociendo la afectación hacia la salud de los ciudadanos y la contaminación directa hacia el medioambiente. Con el análisis del funcionamiento y características de las emisiones contaminantes de un motor de combustión interna ciclo Otto se generan modelos de control para la proyección de la cantidad de gases contaminantes que se emiten al eliminar el convertidor catalítico y de tal forma establecer los niveles de emisiones que un vehículo sin catalizador genera, a pesar de que el motor se encuentre en óptimas condiciones de funcionamiento en diferentes regímenes de giro.
Vicente Rojas, Johnny Pancha, Vicente Romero, and Jorge Nejer
Salesian Polytechnic University of Ecuador
Una batería automotriz del tipo plomo ácido es un elemento que genera una fuerza electromotriz capaz de abastecer de energía a todo el sistema eléctrico del vehículo. En el presente estudio se analiza el comportamiento de la densidad específica del electrolito durante la condición de arranque de un motor térmico; además, se considera como una variable, el gradiente de temperatura de funcionamiento que puede estar expuesto una batería automotriz. Obteniendo resultados de una variación inversamente proporcional del comportamiento de la temperatura del electrolito y su densidad en las celdas del acumulador durante la condición de arranque. Se concluye que las condiciones externas como la temperatura pueden afectar directamente a la densidad y las condiciones eléctricas de un acumulador, así como identificar el comportamiento de estas durante el funcionamiento en un vehículo.