Adoption of autonomous and shared autonomous vehicles: a multi-criteria decision-making approach Omar Alharasees, Haitham A. Al Hasanat, Dania Alothman International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 2026 • AHP and FAHP were used to evaluate AV/SAV adoption criteria in Amman. • A novel hierarchical model integrates UTAUT and TAM frameworks. • User Perception emerged as the top criterion across all expert groups. • Safety, infrastructure, and policy readiness are key adoption barriers. • Gradual AV/SAV integration was favored by non-drivers for smoother adoption. This research investigates the adoption of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) in Amman, Jordan, utilizing a multi-method approach. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, synthesizing existing research on AV and SAV adoption factors within Amman’s transportation landscape. Subsequently, a local community feedback survey was conducted to understand their perspectives on AV and SAV adoption. Using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, specifically the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy AHP (FAHP), this study assesses local community acceptance and adoption levels of AVs and SAVs. The novel hierarchical model is derived from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and technology acceptance model (TAM). The findings highlight the critical importance of user perception (UP), particularly performance expectancy (PE), across all expert groups. Safety concerns, infrastructure readiness, and regulatory frameworks emerged as pivotal factors shaping public acceptance and adoption of AVs and SAVs in Amman, emphasizing the vital role of governmental support and well-structured regulatory frameworks that are crucial for facilitating the integration of AVs and SAVs into the existing transportation infrastructure. The study provides insights and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the necessity of collaborative efforts, pilot programs, and targeted public outreach to promote AV and SAV adoption. These measures are essential for advancing urban mobility and mitigating traffic congestion in Amman.
Interpretable machine learning for imbalanced pedestrian injury severity prediction in urban Jordan Haitham A. Al Hasanat, Ahmad B. Hassanat, Omar Alharasees, Ahmad S. Tarawneh, Ghada A. Altarawneh, Lujain A. Alhasanat, Muhamed Begović Journal of King Saud University Engineering Sciences, 2025 This study presents a machine learning framework for predicting pedestrian accident severity using Amman, Jordan's first complete 10-year traffic dataset (2014–2023). Addressing the critical class imbalance where minor injuries predominate (85%), causing standard models to poorly detect severe cases (< 25% recall), we implement cost-sensitive algorithms and specialized undersampling techniques, such as XGBoost with Balancing the Loss Function (XGBLF) and Random Data Partitioning with Voting Rule (RDPVR), which enhanced learning from underrepresented Major/Fatal cases while maintaining data authenticity. Through mixed-type correlation analysis and statistical testing, vehicle speed, road illumination, vehicle type, driver age, and road conditions emerged as the most significant predictive factors. RDPVR achieved a 63% true positive rate for Major/Fatal injuries, a 2.78-fold improvement over standard classifiers, and XGBLF achieved 95%, but this achievement was on account of the accuracy of the minor cases. Comprehensive interpretability analysis (SHAP, LIME, and Permutation Importance) revealed that heavy vehicles, poor lighting, and high-speed driving strongly predict Major/Fatal outcomes. Notably, the analysis demonstrates Jordan's improved safety trajectory, with 2020–2023 showing reduced severe accidents compared to 2014–2016, indicating measurable policy impact. This study delivers the first interpretable, context-sensitive AI framework for Amman/Jordan pedestrian safety, translating technical insights into actionable recommendations for targeted interventions, urban planning, and data-driven enforcement strategies to reduce pedestrian injury severity in high-risk zones.
Comparative analysis of drivers' vital parameters across varied driving scenarios and experience levels: A pilot study Omar Alharasees, Utku Kale Journal of Transport and Health, 2025 Introduction This pilot study explores the vital physiological parameters of 12 car drivers with varying levels of experience, categorized into experienced, middle-experienced, and novice groups, across different driving scenarios. The study addresses the need to understand how different levels of driver expertise and diverse driving conditions influence key physiological responses. Methods Drivers' heart rate variability (HRV), respiratory rate (RR), skin temperature (Temp), and heart rate (HR) were monitored during four distinct scenarios: 1) At-rest (stationary conditions), 2) Normal weather during peak hours (regular traffic), 3) Rainy weather during peak hours (adverse weather and traffic), and 4) Non-peak hours (off-peak traffic). Data were collected within the urban intercity of Budapest using a real-world driving loop, providing a realistic environment for assessment. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, violin plots for parameter comparison, one-way ANOVA for scenario transitions per driver group, and heatmaps for f-values and percentage changes. Results Significant differences were observed in the physiological responses of drivers across scenarios and expertise levels, with novice drivers showing the most variation. The findings underscore the interaction between driver competency, environmental conditions, and experience level, highlighting the importance of these factors in influencing drivers' physiological states. Conclusions This study introduces a novel approach to evaluating vital parameters in drivers, laying the groundwork for future research, especially concerning older experienced drivers compared to young novice drivers. The results suggest that targeted interventions, informed by these assessments, are essential for enhancing driver safety and performance in urban traffic settings.
Digitalization in Aviation MRO Training Omar Alharasees, Muftah S.M. Abdalla, Utku Kale Ntad 2023 New Trends in Aviation Development 2023 18th International Scientific Conference Proceedings, 2023
OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF HUMAN FACTORS FOR SUPPORTING THE OPERATOR'S LOAD SIMULATION AND MANAGEMENT 32nd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences Icas 2021, 2021
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Multi-Method Assessment of Soak Pits in Jordan: Environmental, Economic, and Public Health Implications MA AlMubaidin, O Alharasees, HA Al Hasanat Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 237 (10), 598 , 2026 2026
Adoption of autonomous and shared autonomous vehicles: a multi-criteria decision-making approach O Alharasees, HA Al Hasanat, D Alothman International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology , 2026 2026
Integrating UAS into Smart City Transportation Systems: A Primary Study DD Nguyen, O Alharasees, U Kale, NH Trinh Energy Management, Volume One: Green Transition, 241-251 , 2026 2026
Integrating PEAR-Based Human Factors Assessment with SEM-AHP for AI-Assisted UAV Operations O Alharasees, F Zolfaghari, A Kilikevičius, U Kale 2025 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), https://doi.org/10.1109 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Adaptive Pilot Monitoring: Unsupervised Artifact Detection and Atypical State Identification in Multimodal Physiological Signals F Zolfaghari, O Alharasees, A Kilikevičius, U Kale 2025 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), 346-351 , 2025 2025
Interpretable machine learning for imbalanced pedestrian injury severity prediction in urban Jordan HA Al Hasanat, AB Hassanat, O Alharasees, AS Tarawneh, ... Journal of King Saud University–Engineering Sciences 37 (7), 1-42 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Strategic Evaluation of Urban Electric Vehicles Charging Infrastructure in Budapest Using Integrated Multi-Criteria Methods O Alharasees, A Kilikevičius, U Kale IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Mobility, 297-306 , 2025 2025
Real-Flight Monitoring of Vital Physiological Parameters in Pilots: Implications for Performance, Training, and Safety in Aviation O Alharasees, A Kilikevičius, U Kale IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Mobility, 290-296 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Comparative analysis of drivers' vital parameters across varied driving scenarios and experience levels: A pilot study O Alharasees, U Kale Journal of Transport & Health 44, 102088 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Evaluating Criteria for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Adoption O Alharasees, U Kale The Role of Exergy and Energy in Sustainability, 257-268 , 2025 2025
The influence of geometry and connected automated vehicles on single-lane roundabout capacity HAA Hasanat, O Alharasees Innovative Infrastructure Solutions 10 (9), 412 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Exploring the intersection of bioreactor technology and hydrogen energy: Experimental research and numerical modeling A Chlebnikovas, D Paliulis, A Zigmontienė, O Alharasees, U Kale, ... International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 142, 1287-1297 , 2025 2025
Advancing Sustainable Aviation: Integration of Emerging Energy Technologies in Aviation Infrastructure O Alharasees, U Kale, D Rohacs Energy Rationality and Management for Decarbonization, 507-521 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Capacity of single-lane roundabouts in Hungary HA Al Hasanat, D Alothman, O AlHarasees Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 53 (2), 124-134 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
A comprehensive human factors approach to pedestrian accidents analysis in urban environments O Alharasees, HA Al Hasanat, R Al-Matarneh 2025 2nd international conference on advanced innovations in smart cities … , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Assessing Transport Operators’ Total Loads and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Application in Aviation O Alharasees PQDT-Global , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Evaluation of vehicle lateral positioning for lane-keeping performance across multiple sites H Al Hasanat, O Alharasees, L Alshamaileh Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport/Politechnika Śląska, 5-25 , 2025 2025
Towards greener skies: Evaluating sustainable aviation fuel alternatives O Alharasees, D Rohacs, A Muller, U Kale Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites 59 (2), 551-562 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Human factors and AI in UAV systems: enhancing operational efficiency through AHP and real-time physiological monitoring O Alharasees, U Kale Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 111 (1), 5 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Application of deep learning models for predicting health alerts in pilots F Zolfaghari, G Kale-Halasz, O Alharasees, A Kilikevicius IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Mobility, 445-457 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Aviation communication: the effect of critical factors on the rate of misunderstandings O Alharasees, A Jazzar, U Kale, D Rohacs Aircraft engineering and aerospace technology 95 (3), 379-388 , 2023 2023 Citations: 54
Green building energy: Patents analysis and analytical hierarchy process evaluation O Alharasees, U Kale, J Rohacs, D Rohacs, MA Eva, A Boros Heliyon 10 (8) , 2024 2024 Citations: 28
Aviation operators (pilots, ATCOs) decision-making process U Kale, O Alharasees, J Rohacs, D Rohacs Aircraft engineering and aerospace technology 95 (3), 442-451 , 2023 2023 Citations: 28
Human factors in the age of autonomous UAVs: Impact of artificial intelligence on operator performance and safety O Alharasees, OH Adali, U Kale 2023 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), 798-805 , 2023 2023 Citations: 27
Human factors and AI in UAV systems: enhancing operational efficiency through AHP and real-time physiological monitoring O Alharasees, U Kale Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 111 (1), 5 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Aviation operators’ total loads analysis by multi-criteria decision-making O Alharasees, U Kale Journal of Air Transport Management 118, 102596 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Enhancing sustainability in aviation: AHP analysis and smart energy concept O Alharasees, U Kale, J Rohacs, D Rohacs International Journal of Global Warming 33 (1), 69-91 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Analysis of human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) of UAV operators O Alharasees, MSM Abdalla, U Kale 2022 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), 10-14 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Assessment of aviation operators’ efficacy in highly automated systems A Jazzar, O Alharasees, U Kale Aircraft engineering and aerospace technology 95 (2), 302-311 , 2023 2023 Citations: 14
Applying AHP for supplier selection in aviation: a multi-criteria decision-making approach O Alharasees, U Kale International Journal of Sustainable Aviation 9 (4), 293-313 , 2023 2023 Citations: 14
Comprehensive review on aviation operator’s total loads O Alharasees, OH Adali, U Kale 2022 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), 15-20 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Cognitive load assessment for cadet pilots in simulated aircraft environment-pilot study O Alharasees, U Kale Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 96 (7), 858-872 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Connected automated vehicles entry capacity on roundabouts-case study Hungary HA Al Hasanat, O Alharasees, D Alothman 2024 2nd International Conference on Technology Innovation and Its … , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Air transport projects quality assessments by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) O Alharasees, U Kale Repüléstudományi Közlemények 34 (2), 73-82 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Evaluating AI-UAV Systems: A combined approach with operator group comparison O Alharasees, MSM Abdalla, U Kale 2023 5th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization … , 2023 2023 Citations: 9
UAV operators’ cognition and automation: Comprehensive measurements O Alharasees, OH Adali, U Kale 2023 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), 15-20 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
HUMAN FACTORS ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM - AHP DRONE MODEL ASSESSMENT Omar Alharasees, Samer Al-Rabeei, Utku Kale Acta Avionica 24 (2), 41-49 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Evaluating public transport development projects by multi-criteria methods O Alharasees International Symposium on Aviation Technology, MRO, and Operations, 83-94 , 2021 2021 Citations: 8
Comparative analysis of drivers' vital parameters across varied driving scenarios and experience levels: A pilot study O Alharasees, U Kale Journal of Transport & Health 44, 102088 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Capacity of single-lane roundabouts in Hungary HA Al Hasanat, D Alothman, O AlHarasees Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 53 (2), 124-134 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7