Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the “AprendeLact” questionnaire to Portuguese Cristian Martín-Vázquez, Agueda Cervera-Gasch, Rosa María Dos Santos Moreira, Marta Arias-Crespo, Cláudia Patricia Da Costa Brás, Cristina Liébana-Presa Midwifery, 2025 BACKGROUND: Breast milk is the optimal nourishment a mother can provide for her child. Although many mothers aspire to breastfeed, such efforts necessitate support and guidance from qualified healthcare professionals. AIM: Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the "AprendeLact" Questionnaire on Breastfeeding Knowledge into Portuguese METHODS: A cross-sectional validation study involving translation, content validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency was conducted. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed on sociodemographic variables and questionnaire outcomes. Fifty-seven undergraduate nursing and postgraduate maternal and obstetric health students from the Coimbra School of Nursing were randomly selected through cluster sampling. FINDINGS: The results demonstrated high internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson formula 20 [KR-20] = 0.87) and excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.899). The average score achieved was 12.246 ± 5.23 points. The highest-scoring item was number 6, related to "colostrum," while the lowest-scoring item was number 5, which assessed the "utility of the e-lactancia website." CONCLUSIONS: The "AprendeLact" questionnaire was cross-culturally adapted and validated into Portuguese for undergraduate nursing and postgraduate maternal and obstetric health students. Findings revealed limited breastfeeding knowledge among the students, particularly regarding practical aspects. Factors associated with higher levels of knowledge included being female, being in the final years of a bachelor's degree, participating in clinical placements related to breastfeeding, attending training activities, engaging in breastfeeding support groups, or having been breastfed as a child.
Humanization and empathy in undergraduate nursing students: a cross-sectional study Elena Sutil-Rodríguez, Cristina Liébana-Presa, Cristian Martín-Vázquez, Lucía Ortega-Donaire, David Bermejo-Martínez, Elena Fernández-Martínez Journal of Professional Nursing, 2025 BACKGROUND: Empathy is a critical component of providing humanized care. However, its incorporation into the training of future nurses is currently limited. AIM: To examine the relationship between empathy and humanization in nursing students and analyze their association with sociodemographic factors, clinical practice starts year and completed internship periods. METHODS: A cross-sectional, multicenter correlational study was conducted with 369 nursing students with clinical experience. Data collection took place from October 2023 to February 2024. The study utilized the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist and employed the Healthcare Professional Humanization Scale and the Jefferson Empathy Scale for Health Professionals. Data were analyzed using statistical software package 28.0. RESULTS: Results showed low empathy scores with no significant sex differences. Compassionate care and the ability to empathize decreased with more clinical experience. Humanization values were low to medium and unaffected by sociodemographic factors. A positive correlation was found between empathy and humanization, with students in the high humanization group showing higher empathy and cognitive empathy. CONCLUSION: Empathy exerts a positive influence on the humanization process. As the amount of clinical experience increases, the level of empathy tends to decline. Developing interventions that foster the growth of emotional competencies in students will allow for quality and more humanized healthcare.
Porn Use and Sexting in Health Science Students: A Transversal Descriptive Study Mirena Granado-Soto, María Cristina Martínez-Fernández, Rubén García-Fernández, Cristian Martín-Vázquez, David Bermejo-Martínez, Cristina Liébana-Presa Sexuality and Culture, 2025 Pornography consumption among young people through smart devices, along with the practice of sexting, is on the rise. However, it is not known exactly how these variables relate to the sexual education received by this population. This study analyses pornography consumption patterns and the relationship between pornography, sexting, and affective-sexual education in Health Sciences university students. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out with data collected from 311 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences of a regional campus of a Spanish public university. The following questionnaires were collected through an online platform: Survey on pornography consumption among university students and Sexting Behaviour Scale. The average age of the first contact with pornography is 14.5 years old. Men are greater pornography consumers than women, and this consumption occurs online with the purpose of stimulating masturbation. Sexting is a practice carried out by the majority of those surveyed, with women receiving most of this type of messages and men being the main senders. Although more than half of the sample had received affective-sexual education, it was found to be deficient, as it did not meet the desired expectations. There is a noticeable relationship between the male gender and pornography consumption, with men being the largest consumers. People who consume pornography more frequently also show greater use of sexting. In view of these data, it is very relevant to implement and evaluate comprehensive sexuality education programs adapted to the needs of the population.
Exploring Self-Perceived Stress and Anxiety Throughout Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study Mar Miguel Redondo, Cristina Liebana-Presa, Javier Pérez-Rivera, Cristian Martín-Vázquez, Natalia Calvo-Ayuso, Rubén García-Fernández Diseases, 2025 Background: Anxiety and stress are common during pregnancy and can impact the health of the pregnant woman and the newborn. There is a lack of research focused on identifying weaknesses that promote equity in the care of pregnant women. The objective of this study was to describe the levels of anxiety and stress during the three trimesters of pregnancy and to compare whether there are differences according to obstetric and gynecological variables. Methods: A descriptive prospective longitudinal and correlational observational study was carried out. Non-probability sampling was carried out with 176 women. The Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale were used. Results: The prevalence of anxiety was 23.9%, 17%, and 17.6%, and mean stress scores reached 32.24, 33.02, and 49.74 in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. In comparison, without miscarriages, anxiety was higher during the first trimester. In multiparous women who had suffered a miscarriage, anxiety was higher in the first trimester. Conclusions: Anxiety is higher during the first trimester. Mean stress levels are higher during the third trimester compared to the other two trimesters. Care for these vulnerable pregnant women can impact society’s health system and align with the Sustainable Development Goals of Health and Well-being and Gender Equality in others.
Psychometric analysis and validation of the SF-34 PREG: An adaptation of the SF-36 for assessing quality of life in pregnant women Cristian Martín‐Vázquez, Jose David Urchaga‐Litago, Rubén García‐Fernández, Natalia Calvo‐Ayuso, Laura Rosón‐Matilla, Cristina Liébana‐Presa International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2025 ObjectiveThis study aims to perform a psychometric analysis of the 36‐item short form health survey (SF‐36) in a population of pregnant women and validate an adapted version of the instrument to measure health‐related quality of life specific to pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional study design was carried out with data collection between 7 and 36 weeks of gestation, with a total sample of 547 pregnant women divided into two randomized subsamples. Data were collected between September 2021 and April 2023. An exploratory factor analysis was initially performed on one subsample, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis on the other. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, and correlations between factors were analyzed.ResultsResults from the exploratory factor analysis proposed a seven‐factor model explaining 56% of the variance. All proposed dimensions achieved Cronbach's alpha scores above 0.75, with a total test score of 0.92. Furthermore, all dimensions exhibited positive and statistically significant correlations. Bartlett's test of sphericity and the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test yielded values of 5599 (P < 0.001) and 0.871, respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis reaffirmed this model with good fit indices: χ2 792 (P < 0.001), comparative fit index (CFI) and Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) >0.90, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) <0.06.ConclusionThis study developed and validated the “SF‐34 PREG,” an adapted version of the SF‐36, specifically designed for pregnant women. The SF‐34 PREG demonstrated high reliability and a robust factorial structure, making it a more precise and relevant tool for assessing health‐related quality of life during pregnancy. Although it does not include the social functioning dimension of the original SF‐36, the SF‐34 PREG offers improved relevance and accuracy for this specific population. Further research and clinical use of the SF‐34 PREG are recommended.
Characteristics of the Competency Ethical Principles for the Nurse Manager: A Systematic Review Alberto González-García, Arrate Pinto-Carral, Pilar Marqués-Sánchez, Cristina Liebana-Presa, Rubén García-Fernández, Silvia Pérez-González Journal of Nursing Management, 2025 Background: The escalating complexity of healthcare environments underscores the importance of nurse managers’ ethical competency, which impacts organizational culture, work climate, and healthcare outcomes.Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify and describe the characteristics of nurse managers’ competency in ethical principles in healthcare settings.Methods: A systematic search was conducted across the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases, covering the literature from January 1, 2014, to April 1, 2024. Articles were selected based on specific inclusion criteria, and data were extracted and analyzed using a frequency analysis of the identified characteristics. This systematic review adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tools. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024542594).Results: The review analyzed 22 studies, each focusing on nurse managers and their ethical competencies. Fourteen distinct characteristics of ethical competency were identified, with ethical leadership, ethical decision‐making, and conflict resolution being the most prominent. Key ethical problems included conflicts between personal values and organizational policies, pressures to compromise ethical standards, and management of limited resources. These problems often led to significant consequences such as decreased staff morale, increased stress and burnout, and compromised patient care quality.Conclusions: The development of ethical leadership and the ability to make ethical decisions are fundamental for nurse managers to create supportive work environments and reduce burnout. Promoting continuous professional development and fostering an ethical culture is essential for maintaining high ethical standards. Future research should explore how cultural, organizational, and environmental differences influence ethical decision making and leadership.Implications for the Nursing Management: The development of ethical leadership and the ability to make ethical decisions are fundamental characteristics of ethical principles competency, as they facilitate the achievement of an adequate work environment and reduce burnout and emotional overload.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cognitive functioning of patients institutionalized in nursing homes Bibiana Trevissón-Redondo, Eduardo Pérez-Boal, Cristina Liébana-Presa, María Cristina Martínez-Fernández, Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias, Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Eva María Martínez-Jiménez BMC Geriatrics, 2024 Background COVID-19 disease affected the cognitive level of institutionalized patients in nursing homes, especially in the older subjects regardless of gender. This study aims to assess cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) before and after COVID-19 infection, and to determine whether these changes varied based on gender. Methods A pre- and post-COVID-19 study was conducted, involving 68 geriatric patients (34 men and 34 women) from two nursing homes. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the MMSE. Results COVID-19 infection had a notable impact on the cognitive health of older adults residing in nursing homes, primarily attributed to the social isolation they experienced. This effect was more pronounced in older individuals. A comparison of the MMSE results by gender before and after contracting COVID-19 revealed significant differences in attention and calculation, with women obtaining the worst score before the virus. However, following their recovery from the virus, men demonstrated significantly lower scores in time and space orientation and evocation. Conclusion COVID-19 has led to a decline in cognitive functioning, significantly worsening the mental state of older individuals, even after recovery from the virus. Consequently, it is crucial to implement proactive measures to prevent isolation and safeguard the cognitive well-being of this vulnerable population.
Emotional Intelligence, Health, and Performance in Nursing Students: A Systematic Review Elena Sutil-Rodríguez, Cristina Liébana-Presa, Elena Fernández-Martínez Journal of Nursing Education, 2024 Background Emotional intelligence (EI) enables the regulation of emotions and facilitates interpersonal relationships. This is essential for managing emotionally charged situations and developing skills to provide quality care. Method A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA recommendations in Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and PubMed databases to describe the levels of EI, identify differences according to gender, and determine the relationship of EI with health, academic, and clinical performance in nursing students. Results Average levels of EI were found; in five of the studies, the levels were higher among females. An association between high levels of EI and improved academic and clinical performance and health also was found. Conclusion Future research on EI education programs for nursing students is essential for the development of skills and abilities that improve well-being, academic performance, and quality of health care. [ J Nurs Educ . 2024;63(10):686–692.]
Quality of life and social support during pregnancy in Spanish population. A longitudinal study Cristian Martín-Vázquez, Jose David Urchaga-Litago, Rubén García-Fernández, Natalia Calvo-Ayuso, Enedina Quiroga-Sánchez, Cristina Liébana-Presa Midwifery, 2024 BACKGROUND: The quality of life and social support during pregnancy are two variables influencing the health of pregnants and neonates. The documented impact of these variables on mental health, specifically the risk of depression, is notable. AIM: To investigate the evolution of quality of life and social support at the beginning and end of pregnancy in pregnant women, and to examine the relationship between these variables. METHODS: The proposed longitudinal study includes 188 pregnants from a northern region of Spain. Participants were selected through consecutive sampling from September 2021 to April 2023. Quality of life and social support will be assessed in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy using the SF-36 questionnaire and MOS-SSS questionnaire, respectively. FINDINGS: The questionnaires show strong internal consistency (α = 0.91 and 0.97). Quality of life changes during pregnancy, declining in the physical component and rising in the mental component towards the end. Primiparous women have higher quality of life. Depression risk is 29.8 % in the 1st trimester, dropping to 22.9 % in the 3rd trimester. Social support decreases in the 3rd trimester, particularly among unmarried women. Significant positive correlations exist between quality of life and social support. CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes notable variations in quality of life and social support during pregnancy, impacting the health of pregnant individuals and neonates. Proposing standardization in monitoring these factors during prenatal check-ups aims to improve the physical and mental health of pregnant individuals and newborns.
Prevalence and Mode of Birth in Late Fetal Mortality in Spain, 2016–2019 Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa, Ana María Cubero-Luna, Rubén García-Fernández, Andrea Jiménez-Ruz, María Isabel Maestre-Luna, Cristina Liébana-Presa, María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego, Pablo Jesús López-Soto International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023
Social networks, engagement and resilience in university students Elena Fernández-Martínez, Elena Andina-Díaz, Rosario Fernández-Peña, Rosa García-López, Iván Fulgueiras-Carril, Cristina Liébana-Presa International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017
Empatía y uso de internet en estudiantes de Enfermería: un estudio transversal E Sutil-Rodríguez, MEF Martínez, CL Presa Archives of Nursing Research 7 (1), 19-26 , 2025 2025
Humanization and empathy in undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study E Sutil-Rodríguez, C Liébana-Presa, C Martín-Vázquez, L Ortega-Donaire, ... Journal of Professional Nursing 59, 20-26 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Porn Use and Sexting in Health Science Students: A Transversal Descriptive Study MC Martínez-Fernández, R García-Fernández, M Granado-Soto, ... Sexuality & Culture 29 (3), 1154-1171 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Exploring self-perceived stress and anxiety throughout pregnancy: a longitudinal study MM Redondo, C Liebana-Presa, J Pérez-Rivera, C Martín-Vázquez, ... Diseases 13 (4), 121 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Psychometric analysis and validation of the SF‐34 PREG: An adaptation of the SF‐36 for assessing quality of life in pregnant women C Martín‐Vázquez, JD Urchaga‐Litago, R García‐Fernández, ... International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 168 (2), 743-752 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Porn Use and Sexting in Health Science Students: A Transversal Descriptive Study M Granado Soto, MC Martínez Fernández, R García Fernández, ... Sexuality & Culture , 2025 2025
Characteristics of the competency ethical principles for the nurse manager: a systematic review A González-García, A Pinto-Carral, P Marqués-Sánchez, ... Journal of Nursing Management 2025 (1), 2575609 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Emotional intelligence, health, and performance in nursing students: A systematic review E Sutil-Rodríguez, C Liébana-Presa, E Fernández-Martínez Journal of Nursing Education 63 (10), 686-692 , 2024 2024 Citations: 17
Quality of life and social support during pregnancy in Spanish population. A longitudinal study C Martín-Vázquez, JD Urchaga-Litago, R García-Fernández, ... Midwifery 137, 104119 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cognitive functioning of patients institutionalized in nursing homes B Trevissón-Redondo, E Pérez-Boal, C Liébana-Presa, ... BMC geriatrics 24 (1), 612 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Análisis de fiabilidad del cuestionario SF-36 en población gestante en una región del norte de España. C Martín-Vázquez, L Rosón-Matilla, C Liébana-Presa, ... Enfermeir@ s, 66 , 2024 2024
Anxiety, prenatal distress, and resilience during the first trimester of gestation C Liébana-Presa, R García-Fernández, C Martín-Vázquez, ... Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 58, e20230290 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Análisis de fiabilidad del cuestionario SF-36 en población gestante en una región del norte de España C Mar, LR Matilla, CL Presa, RG Fernández, JDU Litago, AG Barrio Revista Enfermeir@ s 2 (43), 66-72 , 2024 2024
Exploring maternal health: a descriptive analysis of the health conditions of pregnant women in northwestern Spain RG Fernández, CL Presa, NC Ayuso, EQ Sánchez, DB Martínez, ... Explorando el análisis de contextos clínicos y de salud: investigación e … , 2024 2024
Pregnancy, quality of life and parity: a spanish cross-sectional study CM Vázquez, RMS Moreira, CL Presa, EQ Sánchez, LR Matilla, ... Priorizando la mejora de la calidad de vida en el ámbito de la salud, 285-290 , 2024 2024
Characteristics of leadership competency in nurse managers: a scoping review S Perez-Gonzalez, P Marques-Sanchez, A Pinto-Carral, ... Journal of Nursing Management 2024 (1), 5594154 , 2024 2024 Citations: 37
Ansiedad, distrés prenatal y resiliencia durante el primer trimestre de gestación C Liébana-Presa, R García-Fernández, C Martín-Vázquez, ... Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 58, e20230290 , 2024 2024
Planificación Compartida de Atención: experiencia con estudiantes enfermeros que se trasfiere a la sociedad AIL Alonso, CL Presa, EQ Sánchez, MM González, ... Innovación docente en la Universidad de León, 101-108 , 2024 2024
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud durante el primer trimestre de gestación en función del estado civil. CM Vázquez, LR Matilla, E Quiroga-Sánchez, RG Fernández, ... Revista Enfermeir@ s 1 (42), 97-101 , 2024 2024
Implementation of serious games in nursing student education: A systematic review L Sánchez-Valdeón, I Casado-Verdejo, L Barrionuevo, ... Teaching and learning in nursing 19 (1), 60-67 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Social networks, engagement and resilience in university students E Fernández-Martínez, E Andina-Díaz, R Fernández-Peña, ... International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14 (12), 1488 , 2017 2017 Citations: 89
Burnout y engagement en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería C Liébana-Presa, M Fernández-Martínez, AM Vázquez-Casares, ... Enfermería global 17 (50), 131-152 , 2018 2018 Citations: 83
Inteligencia emocional y vínculo laboral en trabajadores del Centro San Camilo C Liébana Presa, M Fernández Martínez, JC Bermejo Higuera, ... Gerokomos 23 (2), 63-68 , 2012 2012 Citations: 70
Fear of death and its relationship to resilience in nursing students: A longitudinal study E Fernández-Martínez, I Martín-Pérez, C Liébana-Presa, ... Nurse education in practice 55, 103175 , 2021 2021 Citations: 69
Psychological distress in health sciences college students and its relationship with academic engagement C Liébana-Presa, M Fernández-Martínez, ÁR Gándara, ... Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 48, 715-722 , 2014 2014 Citations: 65
Relación entre la inteligencia emocional y el burnout en estudiantes de enfermería CL Presa, MEF Martínez, CM Astorga Psychology, Society & Education 9 (3), 335-345 , 2017 2017 Citations: 60
Physical activity, resilience, sense of coherence and coping in people with multiple sclerosis in the situation derived from COVID-19 MM Reguera-García, C Liébana-Presa, L Álvarez-Barrio, L Alves Gomes, ... International journal of environmental research and public health 17 (21), 8202 , 2020 2020 Citations: 52
Emotional intelligence, sense of coherence, engagement and coping: A cross-sectional study of university students’ health E Fernandez-Martinez, AI López-Alonso, P Marques-Sanchez, ... Sustainability 11 (24), 6953 , 2019 2019 Citations: 50
Relación entre el sentido de coherencia y el cansancio emocional en estudiantes universitarios E Fernández-Martínez, C Morán Astorga Universidad de Almería , 2017 2017 Citations: 50
Use of the Barthel Index to assess activities of daily living before and after SARS-COVID 19 infection of institutionalized nursing home patients B Trevisson-Redondo, D Lopez-Lopez, E Perez-Boal, ... International journal of environmental research and public health 18 (14), 7258 , 2021 2021 Citations: 48
Stress, emotional intelligence and the intention to use cannabis in Spanish adolescents: Influence of COVID-19 confinement C Liébana-Presa, MC Martínez-Fernández, JA Benítez-Andrades, ... Frontiers in psychology 11, 582578 , 2020 2020 Citations: 40
SBAR method for improving well-being in the internal medicine unit: quasi-experimental research MC Martínez-Fernández, S Castiñeiras-Martín, C Liébana-Presa, ... International journal of environmental research and public health 19 (24), 16813 , 2022 2022 Citations: 38
Tobacco use amongst nursing and physiotherapy students: a cross sectional questionnaire survey DF García, VM Sánchez, AMV Casares, CL Presa, MEF Martínez, ... International Journal of Nursing Studies 44 (5), 780-785 , 2007 2007 Citations: 38
Characteristics of leadership competency in nurse managers: a scoping review S Perez-Gonzalez, P Marques-Sanchez, A Pinto-Carral, ... Journal of Nursing Management 2024 (1), 5594154 , 2024 2024 Citations: 37
Baby‐led weaning: Health professionals ‘knowledge and attitudes and parents’ experiences from Spain. A mixed methods approach N Arias‐Ramos, E Andina‐Díaz, M Granado‐Soto, R Álvarez Rodríguez, ... Health & Social Care in the Community 30 (4), e1352-e1363 , 2022 2022 Citations: 30
Internet Addiction and Emotional Intelligence in university nursing students: A cross-sectional study E Fernández-Martínez, E Sutil-Rodríguez, C Liébana-Presa Heliyon 9 (9) , 2023 2023 Citations: 28
Factors associated with postpartum sexual dysfunction in Spanish women: a cross-sectional study P Hidalgo-Lopezosa, S Pérez-Marín, A Jiménez-Ruz, JC López-Carrasco, ... Journal of Personalized Medicine 12 (6), 926 , 2022 2022 Citations: 28
Burnout and engagement among university nursing students C Liébana-Presa, ME Fernández-Martínez, AM Vázquez-Casares, ... Enfermería Global 17 (2), 131-152 , 2018 2018 Citations: 28
Miedo a la muerte y su relación con la inteligencia emocional en estudiantes de enfermería E Fernández-Martínez, C Liébana-Presa, M Martínez-Soriano, ... Med. paliat, 205-210 , 2019 2019 Citations: 24
Nivel de estrés de los estudiantes de enfermería.: Un estudio comparativo con otras titulaciones MEF Martínez, MAR Borrego, AMV Casares, CL Presa, DF García Presencia: Salud mental, investigación y humanidades 1 (2) , 2005 2005 Citations: 23